Taqi Arani

Taghi Arani (Persian: تقی ارانی, September 5, 1903 in Tabriz, Iran – February 4, 1940 in Tehran, Iran), was a professor of chemistry, left-wing Iranian political activist, and the founder and editor of the Marxist magazine Donya.[1] He moved to Tehran with his family when he was 4 years old. In 1920, he graduated from Dar ul-Funun School in Tehran and pursued his studies in Germany studying chemistry at Berlin Institute of Technology. While studying in Germany, he began to study politics as well. Upon finishing his studies, he returned to Iran in 1928 and started Donya magazine (The World). Many people consider Donya as his most important contribution to modern intellectual life in Iran. In 1938, he and 52 of his colleagues, The Fifty-Three, were arrested and charged with being involved in communist activities.[2] He died (or as some claim, was killed)[3] in jail in February 1940.

Taqi Arani
Born(1903-09-05)September 5, 1903
Tabriz, Iran
DiedFebruary 4, 1940(1940-02-04) (aged 36)
Tehran, Iran
NationalityIranian
Alma materBerlin Institute of Technology
Criminal charge(s)Marxist sedition

Members of the Fifty-Three would go on to found the Tudeh Party in 1941,[4] often considered the beginning of the modern Communist party in Iran.[5]

Although an important figure in the history of Iran's Marxist Left, Arani held strong Iranian nationalist leanings and wrote on the Iranian character of Iran's Azerbaijan region in response to pan-Turkist groups in Turkey of the 1920s.[6]

References
  1. Daryaee, Touraj (2012-02-16). The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 352. ISBN 9780199732159.
  2. Afshari, Reza (2002). "Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Modern Iran (review)". Human Rights Quarterly. 24 (1): 290–297. doi:10.1353/hrq.2002.0001. ISSN 1085-794X. S2CID 145509961.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 2009-09-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "History of Iran: History of the Tudeh Party of Iran". www.iranchamber.com. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  5. Ghods, M. Reza (1990). "The Iranian Communist Movement under Reza Shah". Middle Eastern Studies. 26 (4): 506–513. doi:10.1080/00263209008700833. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4283395.
  6. Ahmadi, Hamid (2017). "The Clash of Nationalisms: Iranian response to Baku's irredentism". In Kamrava, Mehran (ed.). The Great Game in West Asia: Iran, Turkey and the South Caucasus. Oxford University Press. pp. 297-298 (note 102). ISBN 978-0190869663.

Further reading
  • Abrahamian, E.; Alavi, B. (1986). "ARĀNĪ, TAQĪ". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume II/3: ʿArab Moḥammad–Architecture IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 263–265. ISBN 978-0-71009-103-1.
  • Jalali, Younes (2018), Taghi Erani, a Polymath in Interwar Berlin: Fundamental Science, Psychology, Orientalism, and Political Philosophy, Springer, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97837-6, ISBN 978-3-319-97837-6, S2CID 189356398
  • Mirsepassi, Ali (2021). The Discovery of Iran: Taghi Arani, a Radical Cosmopolitan. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-1503629141.
  • Saffari, Siavash (2021). "Taqi Erāni, Bizhan Jazani, and a Marxian Framework for the Critique of Religion in Twentieth Century Iranian Political Thought". Iranian Studies. 54 (5–6): 859–877. doi:10.1080/00210862.2020.1855970. S2CID 234069935.
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