Smilovice (Frýdek-Místek District)

Smilovice  (Polish: Śmiłowice, German: Smilowitz) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. Former Prime Minister of Poland and former president of the European Parliament Jerzy Buzek was born here.

Smilovice
Śmiłowice
Municipality
Lutheran cemetery chapel
Flag
Coat of arms
Smilovice
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°39′39″N 18°34′18″E
Country Czech Republic
RegionMoravian-Silesian
DistrictFrýdek-Místek
First mentioned1448
Government
 • MayorMiroslav Sikora
Area
 • Total7.85 km2 (3.03 sq mi)
Elevation
390 m (1,280 ft)
Population
 (2021-01-01)[1]
 • Total852
 • Density110/km2 (280/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
739 55
Websitewww.smilovice.cz

Polish minority makes up 21.7% of the population.[2]

Etymology

The village was named after František Smyl, who brought new inhabitants here.[3]

Geography

Smilovice lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The municipality is located mostly in the Moravian-Silesian Foothills, the southwestern part extends into the Moravian-Silesian Beskids. The Ropičanka stream flows through the municipality.

History

The first written mention of Smilovice is from 1448. It belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen. František Smyl helped to settle the village and brought mainly Romanian Vlachs. For these services, Smyl was promoted to squire and became mayor of Cieszyn. The settlers subsisted on agriculture, pastoralism and mountain farming. In 1603, Adam Wenceslaus, Duke of Cieszyn sold Smilovice to Hanibal of Brno. Then the village often changed owners. In 1644, the territory where the Řeka community was founded separated from Smilovice.[3]

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political and legal district of Cieszyn. According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910 the population of the municipality dropped from 684 in 1880 to 651 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (dropping from 99% in 1880 to 96% in 1910) accompanied by a small Czech-speaking minority (at most 15 or 2.3% in 1910) and German-speaking (at most 11 or 1.7% in 1910). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Protestants (83.5%), followed by Roman Catholics (14.4%), Jews (9 or 1.4%) and 4 people adhering to another faiths.[4]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Zaolzie region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.[5] It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

From 1980 to 1990, Smilovice was an administrative part of Hnojník. Since 1990, it has been a separate municipality.[3]

Culture

The Christian festival XcamP takes place in Smilovice annually in July since 2001.[6]

Notable people

References
  1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2021". Czech Statistical Office. 30 April 2021.
  2. "Census 2011". Public database. Czech Statistical Office. 2011.
  3. "Historie obce" (in Czech). Obec Smilovice. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  4. Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 265, 283.
  5. "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). Katowice. nr 18/1938, poz. 35. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  6. "O Festivalu" (in Czech). XcamP. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
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