List of states and union territories of India by sex ratio

Sex ratio is used to describe the ratio of females to males in a population. In India, the sex ratio has been estimated via a number of methods and data sets including the decennial censuses, the National Family Health Surveys (NFHS), the Civil Registration System, the Sample Registration System and the Health Management Information System.[5] In 2014, the ratio of female births per 1000 male births varied from 887 to 918 using these estimates.[6] According to the NFHS-4 (2015–16) sex ratio of the total population (females per 1,000 males) was 991 (with an urban ratio of 956 and a rural ratio of 1,009).[4]

Map indicating the human sex ratio by country.[1]
  Countries with more females than males
  Countries with more males than females
  Countries with very similar proportions of males and females (to 3 significant figures, i.e., 1.00 males to 1.00 females)
  No data

In 2011–2013, it was revealed through a population census with the Sample Registration System (SRS) that the sex ratio of India was 909 females per 1000 of males.[7] It has skewed downwards from then, recording 900 females in 2013–2015 and 896 in 2015–17 per 1000 of males.[7][8] Furthermore, that survey conducted with the SRS also showed Chhattisgarh as the highest sex ratio at 961, while Haryana was recorded the lowest at 831.[8]

However, sex ratio have moved into a positive direction. According to recent survey by National Family Health Survey (NFHS), there are 1020 women for 1000 men in India as per decembr 2021 .The male-skew in India's sex ratio has increased since the early 20th century. In 1901 there were 3.2 million fewer women than men in India, but by the 2001 Census the disparity had increased by more than a factor of 10, to 35 million.[9] This increase has been variously attributed to female infanticide, selective abortions (aided by increasing access to prenatal sex discernment procedures), and female child neglect.[9] It has been suggested that the motivation for this selection against female children is due to the lower status and perceived usefulness of women in India's patriarchal society. However, sex ratio have moved into a positive direction. According to recent survey by National Family Health Survey (NFHS), there are 1020 women for 1000 men in India as per November 2021.[10]

Ranking of states and union territories
Map showing the sex ratio of each district in India based on the 2001 census data.

In the table below, the rank numbers represented by 'S' are for states while 'UT' are for union territories. The data in the table is based on the population census of 2001 and 2011.

No. State/ Union Territory 2011 Census2001 Census Change (2001 to 2011)
Rank Sex ratio[11]Child sex ratio[12][lower-alpha 1]Sex ratio[11]Child sex ratio[12] Sex ratio Child sex ratio
1 Kerala S1 10849641058960 (26) (4)
2 Puducherry UT1 10379671001967 (36)
3 Tamil Nadu S2 996943987942 (9) (1)
4 Andhra Pradesh S3 993939978961 (15) (−22)
5 Manipur S4 992930978957 (14) (−27)
6 Chhattisgarh S5 991969989975 (2) (−6)
7 Meghalaya S6 989970972973 (17) (−3)
8 Telangana[lower-alpha 2] S7 988[13]--- – –
9 Odisha S8 979941972953 (7) (−12)
10 Mizoram S9 976970935964 (41) (6)
11 Goa S10 973942961938 (12) (4)
12 Karnataka S11 973948965946 (8) (2)
13 Himachal Pradesh S12 972909968896 (4) (13)
14 Uttarakhand S13 963890962908 (1) (−18)
15 Tripura S14 960957948966 (12) (−9)
16 Assam S15 958962935965 (23) (−3)
17 West Bengal S16 950956934960 (16) (−4)
18 Jharkhand S17 948948941965 (7) (−17)
19 Lakshadweep UT2 947911948959 (−1) (−48)
India 943 919 933 927 (10) (−8)
20 Arunachal Pradesh S18 938972893964 (45) (8)
21 Nagaland S19 931943900964 (31) (−21)
22 Madhya Pradesh S20 931918919932 (12) (−14)
23 Maharashtra S21 929894922913 (7) (−19)
24 Rajasthan S22 928888921909 (7) (−21)
25 Gujarat S23 919890920883 (−1) (7)
26 Bihar S24 918935919942 (−1) (−7)
27 Uttar Pradesh S25 912902898916 (14) (−14)
28 Punjab S26 895846876798 (19) (48)
29 Sikkim S27 890957875963 (15) (−6)
30 Jammu and Kashmir[lower-alpha 3] UT3 889862892941 (−3) (−79)
31 Haryana S28 879834861819 (18) (15)
32 Andaman and Nicobar Islands UT4 876968846957 (30) (11)
33 Delhi UT5 868871821868 (47) (3)
34 Chandigarh UT6 818880777845 (41) (35)
35 Dadra and Nagar Haveli[lower-alpha 4] UT7 774926812979 (−38) (−53)
36 Daman and Diu UT8 618904710926 (−92) (−22)
Notes
  1. "Child sex ratio" is the ratio of girls to boys in the age group of 0–6 years.
  2. At the time of the census Telangana was a part of Andhra Pradesh. Telangana was declared as a separate state in 2014.
  3. At the time of the census, Jammu and Kashmir was a state but from 31 October 2019, it has been split into two union territories, namely Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
  4. At the time of the census Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu were separate union territories. They became one union territories, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, in 2020.

See also
States and union
territories of India
ordered by

References
  1. Data from the CIA World Factbook Archived 12 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Map compiled in 2021, data from 2020.
  2. "5: Gender Composition of the Population" (PDF), Provisional Population Totals – India, pp. 78–96
  3. "1: Population" (PDF), Women and Men in India. Population related statistics., Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
  4. "National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4): India Fact Sheet" (PDF). rchiips.org. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai. 2015–2016. Retrieved 10 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. UNPFA, Sex Ratio at Birth in India (2020), 3.
  6. UNPFA, Sex Ratio at Birth in India (2020), 5.
  7. "Sex Ratio at Birth – India & Larger States". NITI Aayog. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  8. Tripathi, Rahul (15 July 2019). "Survey shows sex ratio falling further to 896 in 3 years to 2017". The Economic Times. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  9. Bakshi, Roopa. "Declining sex-ratios – a matter of concern". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 14 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  10. Jones, Adam (1999–2000). "Case Study: Female Infanticide". Gendercide Watch. Archived from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  11. "Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2020. Social and Demographic Indicators. Table 5: State-wise Sex Ratio". Reserve Bank of India. 13 October 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. "Decline In Child Sex Ratio". Press Information Bureau. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. 11 February 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. "Statistical Year Book 2015" (PDF). telangana.gov.in. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Telangana. p. 3. Retrieved 10 September 2021. The sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1,000 males. This ratio for the state is 988 according to 2011 Census.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Bibliography

Further reading
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