Kunda, Estonia

Kunda is a town in the Viru-Nigula Parish of Estonia, located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Kunda is most famous for its cement factory, port and archaeological heritage.[2]

Kunda
Town
From left to right, clockwise: A cement factory, apartment buildings, the ruins of an old cement factory, a pulp mill, a hydroelectric power plant
Kunda
Location of Kunda in the Baltic Sea region
Kunda
Location in Estonia
Kunda
Location in Europe
Coordinates: 59°30′N 26°32′E
CountryEstonia
CountyLääne-Viru County
MunicipalityViru-Nigula Parish
City statusMay 1, 1938
Area
 • Total9.85 km2 (3.80 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total2,865
 • Rank29th
 • Density290/km2 (750/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)

History

Evidence of some of the oldest prehistoric communities in Estonia, hunting and fishing communities that existed around 6500 BC, were found near Kunda. This settlement gave the name to the Kunda culture.

The first written record of Kunda dates back to 1241 - it was mentioned as a village. In 1443 it was mentioned as a manor.[3]

Kunda was granted official borough rights on May 1, 1938.

International relations
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Estonia

Twin towns — Sister cities

The former municipality of Kunda was twinned with:

Climate
Climate data for Kunda, Estonia (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1849–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.6
(49.3)		 11.1
(52.0)		 15.8
(60.4)		 27.6
(81.7)		 33.1
(91.6)		 30.9
(87.6)		 33.4
(92.1)		 34.4
(93.9)		 29.0
(84.2)		 21.2
(70.2)		 13.7
(56.7)		 11.8
(53.2)		 34.4
(93.9)
Average high °C (°F) −1
(30)		 −1.2
(29.8)		 2.6
(36.7)		 8.8
(47.8)		 14.7
(58.5)		 18.9
(66.0)		 21.8
(71.2)		 20.9
(69.6)		 16.1
(61.0)		 9.5
(49.1)		 4.0
(39.2)		 0.9
(33.6)		 9.7
(49.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.3
(26.1)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 4.4
(39.9)		 9.8
(49.6)		 14.4
(57.9)		 17.5
(63.5)		 16.5
(61.7)		 12.2
(54.0)		 6.7
(44.1)		 1.9
(35.4)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 6.2
(43.2)
Average low °C (°F) −5.7
(21.7)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −4
(25)		 0.8
(33.4)		 5.3
(41.5)		 10.1
(50.2)		 13.2
(55.8)		 12.4
(54.3)		 8.6
(47.5)		 4.0
(39.2)		 −0.2
(31.6)		 −3.2
(26.2)		 2.9
(37.2)
Record low °C (°F) −33.1
(−27.6)		 −34.9
(−30.8)		 −27.7
(−17.9)		 −19
(−2)		 −5.3
(22.5)		 −0.2
(31.6)		 2.9
(37.2)		 2.7
(36.9)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 −10.6
(12.9)		 −19.7
(−3.5)		 −34.9
(−30.8)		 −34.9
(−30.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 38
(1.5)		 29
(1.1)		 27
(1.1)		 29
(1.1)		 41
(1.6)		 68
(2.7)		 61
(2.4)		 76
(3.0)		 54
(2.1)		 61
(2.4)		 52
(2.0)		 38
(1.5)		 573
(22.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9 6 7 7 6 8 9 11 11 11 11 10 105
Average relative humidity (%) 87 85 80 75 72 76 78 80 81 83 86 86 81
Source: Estonian Weather Service (precipitation days, 1971–2000)[5][6][7][8][9]

Notable people
  • Argo Aadli (born 1980), theatre and film actor
  • Armin Öpik (1898–1983), paleontologist
  • Ernst Öpik (1893–1985), astronomer and astrophysicist
  • Jüri Parijõgi (1892–1941), writer and scholar
  • Knudåge Riisager (1897–1974), composer, son of expatriate Danish parents (his father running the cement factory), spent his first 3 years in Kunda.

References
  1. "Population by sex, age group and place of residence after the 2017 administrative reform, 1 January". Statistics Estonia. Retrieved 2021-12-26.
  2. Kirss, Odette (1980). Kunda (in Estonian). Tallinn: Eesti Raamat. p. 5.
  3. "Kunda". Eesti Entsüklopeedia. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  4. "International co-operation of Gdynia". Gdynia.pl. Archived from the original on 2016-10-19.
  5. "Climate normals-Temperature". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  6. "Climate normals-Precipitation". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  7. "Climate normals-Humidity". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  8. "Rekordid" (in Estonian). Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
  9. "Kliimanormid-Sademed, õhuniiskus" (in Estonian). Estonian Weather Service. Archived from the original on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2021.


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