List of spiral DRAGNs

Spiral DRAGNs are a type of galaxy; spiral galaxies which contain DRAGNs (Double Radio-source Associated with Galactic Nucleus), and are therefore also radio galaxies.

Most DRAGNs are associated with elliptical galaxies, as are most double-lobed radio-galaxies.[1] Spiral DRAGNs are inconsistent with currently known galaxy formation processes.[2] As of 2016, there are 6 known spiral DRAGNs that are widely accepted.[3]

Lenticlular galaxies containing DRAGNs are as rare as spiral DRAGNs, with only 5 known examples as of 2020,[4] including: Centaurus A,[5][6] NGC 612[7] and NGC 1534.[4]

List
Galaxy Identified Date Notes
galaxy 0313-192 2003 First known spiral DRAGN, located in Abell 428. It is the first spiral DRAGN with VLBI detection.[8] [9][10]
Speca 2011 Second known spiral DRAGN. It was the second galaxy shown to have three episodes of periodic activity, the first was an elliptical. [NB 1][11][10]
J2345-0449 2014 Third known spiral DRAGN with two episodic activities, observed at radio wavelengths and measuring about 1.6 megaparsecs in total size. [12]
SDSS J1649+2635 2014 Fourth known spiral DRAGN; first located in a grand design spiral galaxy. It was discovered by cross-matching spiral galaxies identified by galaxy zoo volunteers with the Unified Radio Catalog. It was the first systematic search for spiral DRAGNs. [1][13][10][14]
J0836+0532 2015 Two clear spiral arms [15]
J1159+5820 2012/2015 Candidate: Disturbed galaxy with signs of a merger. [16][15]
J1352+3126 2015 Candidate: Galaxy was well studied at the time of the discovery by Singh et al. The galaxy was classified as spiral or irregular galaxy. [15]
MCG+07-47-10 2016 radio source has a low luminosity [3]

Notes
  1. SPECA = Spiral-host Episodic radio galaxy tracing Cluster Accretion

References
  1. Minnie Mao; Ryan Duffin; Frazer Owen; William Keel; Jay Blanchard (2013-08-02). "A low-band study of the spiral DRAGN 1649+26". NRAO. VLA/14A-406. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. University of Manchester, "Here be Spiral DRAGNs", H2020-EU.1.3.2., CORDIS, 660432
  3. Mulcahy, D. D.; Mao, M. Y.; Mitsuishi, I.; Scaife, A. M. M.; Clarke, A. O.; Babazaki, Y.; Kobayashi, H.; Suganuma, R.; Matsumoto, H.; Tawara, Y. (2016-11-01). "Discovery of a low-luminosity spiral DRAGN". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 595: L8. arXiv:1609.04820. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629536. ISSN 0004-6361.
  4. Duchesne, S. W.; Johnston-Hollitt, M. (2019-04-01). "The remnant radio galaxy associated with NGC 1534". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 36: e016. arXiv:1806.09255. doi:10.1017/pasa.2018.26. ISSN 1323-3580.
  5. Burbidge, G. R.; Burbidge, E. Margaret (1957-01-01). "The Sources of Radio Emission in NGC 5128 and NGC 1316". The Astrophysical Journal. 125: 1. doi:10.1086/146279. ISSN 0004-637X.
  6. Cooper, B. F. C.; Price, R. M.; Cole, D. J. (1965-12-01). "A study of the decimetric emission and polarization of Centaurus A". Australian Journal of Physics. 18: 589. doi:10.1071/PH650589. ISSN 0004-9506.
  7. Ekers, R. D.; Goss, W. M.; Kotanyi, C. G.; Skellern, D. J. (1978-10-01). "NGC 612-A Radio Galaxy with a Disk". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 69: L21. ISSN 0004-6361.
  8. Mao, Minnie Y.; Blanchard, Jay M.; Owen, Frazer; Sjouwerman, Loránt O.; Singh, Vikram; Scaife, Anna; Paragi, Zsolt; Norris, Ray P.; Momjian, Emmanuel; Johnson, Gia; Browne, Ian (2018-07-01). "The first VLBI detection of a spiral DRAGN core". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 478: L99–L104. arXiv:1805.03039. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly081. ISSN 0035-8711.
  9. "Giant Radio Jet Coming From Wrong Kind of Galaxy". NRAO. 8 January 2003.
  10. Jaime Trosper (6 December 2014). "Astronomers Find a Strange, Perplexing Spiral Galaxy". From Quarks to Quasars.
  11. "Exotic Galaxy Reveals Tantalizing Tale". 25 August 2011.
  12. Bagchi, Joydeep; Vivek, M.; Vikram, Vinu; Hota, Ananda; Biju, K. G.; Sirothia, S. K.; Srianand, Raghunathan; Gopal-Krishna; Jacob, Joe (2014). "Megaparsec relativistic jets launched from an accreting supermassive black hole in an extreme spiral galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal. 788 (2): 174. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/788/2/174. eISSN 1538-4357. ISSN 0004-637X.
  13. "Strange galaxy perplexes astronomers: Prominent 'jets' of subatomic particles". ScienceDaily. 2 December 2014.
  14. Minnie Y. Mao; Frazer Owen; Ryan Duffin; Bill Keel; Mark Lacy; Emmanuel Momjian; Glenn Morrison; Tony Mroczkowski; Susan Neff; Ray P. Norris; Henrique Schmitt; Vicki Toy; Sylvain Veilleux (2015). "J1649+26: A Grand-Design Spiral with a Large Double-Lobed Radio Source". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 446 (4): 4176–4185. arXiv:1410.8520. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.446.4176M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2302. S2CID 119234804.
  15. Singh, Veeresh; Ishwara-Chandra, C. H.; Sievers, Jonathan; Wadadekar, Yogesh; Hilton, Matt; Beelen, Alexandre (2015-12-01). "Discovery of rare double-lobe radio galaxies hosted in spiral galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 454: 1556–1572. arXiv:1509.01559. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2071. ISSN 0035-8711.
  16. Koziel-Wierzbowska, D.; Jamrozy, M.; Zola, S.; Stachowski, G.; Kuzmicz, A. (2012-05-01). "CGCG 292-057 - a radio galaxy with merger-modulated radio activity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 422: 1546–1551. arXiv:1203.0538. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20727.x. ISSN 0035-8711.


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