List of mammals of Myanmar

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Myanmar. There are 282 mammal species in Myanmar, of which four are critically endangered, ten are endangered, twenty-six are vulnerable, and two are near threatened.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Eld's deer
Gaur
Takin

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
Asian golden cat
Marbled cat
Dhole
Golden jackal
Sun bear
Back-striped weasel
Yellow-throated marten

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Cetacea (whales)
Blue whale
Pantropical spotted dolphin

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
Lesser false vampire bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Dermoptera (colugos)
Sunda flying lemur

The two species of colugos make up the order Dermoptera. They are arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia.

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)
Sunda pangolin

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

Order: Primates
Crab-eating macaque

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)
Asian elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Polynesian rat

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Scandentia (treeshrews)

The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. Although called treeshrews, they are not true shrews and are not all arboreal.

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Dugongs

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Locally extinct

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

See also

References
  1. This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. Duckworth, J. W.; Sankar, K.; Williams, A. C.; Samba Kumar, N. & Timmins, R. J. (2016). "Bos gaurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2891A46363646.
  3. Gardner, P.; Hedges, S.; Pudyatmoko, S.; Gray, T.N.E. & Timmins, R.J. (2016). "Bos javanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2888A46362970.
  4. Song, Y-L.; Smith, A.T. & MacKinnon, J. (2008). "Budorcas taxicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T3160A9643719.
  5. Phan, T.D.; Nijhawan, S.; Li, S. & Xiao, L. (2020). "Capricornis sumatraensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162916735A162916910.
  6. Nijhawan, S. (2020). "Naemorhedus baileyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T14294A22150753.
  7. Bragina, E.; Kim, S.; Zaumyslova, O.; Park, Y.-S. & Lee, W. (2020). "Naemorhedus caudatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T14295A22150540.
  8. Duckworth, J.W. & MacKinnon, J. (2008). "Naemorhedus goral". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T14296A4430073.
  9. Harris, R.B. (2014). "Pseudois nayaur". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T61513537A64313015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T61513537A64313015.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  10. Wang, Y. & Harris, R.B. (2015). "Moschus fuscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T13896A61977357.
  11. Gray, T.N.E.; Brook, S.M.; McShea, W.J.; Mahood, S.; Ranjitsingh, M.K.; Miyunt, A.; Hussain, S.A. & Timmins, R.J. (2015). "Rucervus eldii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4265A22166803.
  12. Timmins, R.J.; Kawanishi, K.; Giman, B.; Lynam, A.J.; Chan, B.; Steinmetz, R.; Baral, H. S. & Samba Kumar, N. (2015). "Rusa unicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41790A85628124.
  13. Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W. & Hedges, S. (2016). "Muntiacus muntjak". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42190A56005589.
  14. Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
  15. McCarthy, J.; Dahal, S.; Dhendup, T.; Gray, T.N.E.; Mukherjee, S.; Rahman, H.; Riordan, P.; Boontua, N. & Wilcox, D. (2015). "Catopuma temminckii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4038A97165437.
  16. Gray, T.N.E.; Timmins, R.J.; Jathana, D.; Duckworth, J.W.; Baral, H. & Mukherjee, S. (2016). "Felis chaus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T8540A50651463.
  17. Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Datta, A.; Hearn, A.; Loken, B.; Lynam, A.; McCarthy, J.; Phan, C.; Rasphone, A.; Singh, P.; Wilting, A. (2016). "Pardofelis marmorata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T16218A97164299. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
  18. Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Hearn, A.; Izawa, M.; Loken, B.; Lynam, A.; McCarthy, J.; Mukherjee, S.; Phan, C.; Rasphone, A. & Wilting, A. (2015). "Prionailurus bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T18146A50661611.
  19. Mukherjee, S.; Appel, A.; Duckworth, J. W.; Sanderson, J.; Dahal, S.; Willcox, D. H. A.; Herranz Muñoz, V.; Malla, G.; Ratnayaka, A.; Kantimahanti, M.; Thudugala, A.; Thaung, R.; Rahman, H. (2016). "Prionailurus viverrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T18150A50662615.
  20. Grassman, L.; Lynam, A.; Mohamad, S.; Duckworth, J. W.; Borah, J.; Willcox, D.; Ghimirey, Y.; Reza, A. & Rahman, H. (2016). "Neofelis nebulosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14519A97215090.
  21. Stein, A.B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S.; Kamler, J. F.; Laguardia, A.; Khorozyan, I. & Ghoddousi, A. (2019). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T15954A160698029.
  22. Goodrich, J.; Lynam, A.; Miquelle, D.; Wibisono, H.; Kawanishi, K.; Pattanavibool, A.; Htun, S.; Tempa, T.; Karki, J.; Jhala, Y. & Karanth, U. (2015). "Panthera tigris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T15955A50659951.
  23. "Group hopes to conserve endangered tigers in Myanmar". MyanmarTimes. July 31, 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  24. Willcox, D.H.A.; Chutipong, W.; Gray, T.N.E.; Cheyne, S.; Semiadi, G.; Rahman, H.; Coudrat, C.N.Z.; Jennings, A.; Ghimirey, Y.; Ross, J.; Fredriksson, G.; Tilker, A. (2016). "Arctictis binturong". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41690A45217088. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  25. Willcox, D.H.A.; Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Chutipong, W.; Choudhury, A.; Roberton, S.; Long, B.; Hearn, A. & Ross, J. (2016). "Arctogalidia trivirgata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41691A45217378.
  26. Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Chutipong, W.; Choudhury, A.; Mathai, J.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Ghimirey, Y.; Chan, B. & Ross, J. (2016). "Paguma larvata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41692A45217601.
  27. Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Choudhury, A.; Chutipong, W.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Mudappa, D.; Rahman, H.; Widmann, P.; Wilting, A. & Xu, W. (2016). "Paradoxurus hermaphroditus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41693A45217835.
  28. Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Chutipong, W.; Hedges, L.; Hearn, A.; Linkie, M.; Loken, B.; Mathai, J.; McCarthy, J.; Ngoprasert, D.; Tantipisanuh, N.; Wilting, A. & Haidir, I.A. (2015). "Hemigalus derbyanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41689A45216918.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  29. Duckworth, J.W.; Mathai, J.; Chutipong, W.; Brodie, J. & Wilting, A. (2016). "Prionodon linsang". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41705A45219711. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  30. Duckworth, J.W.; Lau, M.; Choudhury, A.; Chutipong, W.; Timmins, R.J.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Chan, B.; Long, B. & Roberton, S. (2016). "Prionodon pardicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41706A45219917.
  31. Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J.W.; WWF-Malaysia; Roberton, S.; Gray, T.N.E.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Chutipong, W. & Long, B. (2016). "Viverra megaspila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41707A45220097.
  32. Timmins, R.J.; Duckworth, J.W.; Chutipong, W.; Ghimirey, Y.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Rahman, H.; Long, B. & Choudhury, A. (2016). "Viverra zibetha". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41709A45220429.
  33. Choudhury, A.; Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.; Chutipong, W.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Rahman, H.; Ghimirey, Y. & Mudappa, D. (2015). "Viverricula indica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41710A45220632. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  34. Jennings, A. & Veron, G. (2016). "Herpestes auropunctatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70204120A70204139.
  35. Chutipong, W.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R.; Willcox, D. H. A. & Ario, A. (2016). "Herpestes javanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70203940A45207619.
  36. Choudhury, A.; Timmins, R.; Chutipong, W.; Duckworth, J. W.; Mudappa, D. & Willcox, D. H. A. (2015). "Herpestes urva". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41618A86159618.
  37. Glatston, A.; Wei, F.; Than Zaw & Sherpa, A. (2015). "Ailurus fulgens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T714A110023718.
  38. Hoffmann, M.; Arnold, J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Jhala, Y.; Kamler, J. F. & Krofel, M. (2018). "Canis aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T118264161A46194820.
  39. Boitani, L.; Phillips, M. & Jhala, Y. (2018). "Canis lupus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T3746A119623865.
  40. Kamler, J. F.; Songsasen, N.; Jenks, K.; Srivathsa, A.; Sheng, L. & Kunkel, K. (2015). "Cuon alpinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T5953A72477893.
  41. Hoffmann, M. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
  42. Scotson, L.; Fredriksson, G.; Augeri, D.; Cheah, C.; Ngoprasert, D. & Wai-Ming, W. (2017). "Helarctos malayanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T9760A123798233.
  43. Garshelis, D. L. & Steinmetz, R. (2016). "Ursus thibetanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22824A114252336.
  44. Wright, L.; de Silva, P.; Chan, B. & Reza Lubis, I. (2015). "Aonyx cinereus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T44166A21939068. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  45. Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Chutipong, W.; Gray, T.N.E.; Long, B.; Helgen, K; Rahman, H.; Choudhury, A. & Willcox, D.H.A. (2016). "Arctonyx collaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70205537A45209459.
  46. Chan, Bosco Pui Lok; Kristofer Helgen (Division of Mammals, National Museum of Natural History (2015-03-03). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Arctonyx albogularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
  47. Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P. & Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
  48. de Silva, P.; Khan, W.A.; Kanchanasaka, B.; Reza Lubis, I.; Feeroz, M. M. & Al-Sheikhly, O.F. (2015). "Lutrogale perspicillata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12427A21934884.
  49. Chutipong, W.; Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Choudhury, A.; Abramov, A.V.; Roberton, S.; Long, B.; Rahman, H.; Hearn, A.; Dinets, V. & Willcox, D.H.A. (2016). "Martes flavigula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41649A45212973.
  50. Duckworth, J. W.; Abramov, A.V.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Timmins, R.J.; Choudhury, A.; Roberton, S.; Long, B. & Lau, M. (2016). "Melogale moschata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41626A45209676.
  51. Duckworth, J.W.; Long, B.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Coudrat, C.N.Z.; Timmins, R.J.; Abramov, A.V.; Chan, B. & Chutipong, W. (2016). "Melogale personata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41627A45209826.
  52. Willcox, D.H.A.; Duckworth, J.W.; Timmins, R.J.; Abramov, A.V.; Choudhury, A.; Chutipong, W.; Chan, B.; Lau, M. & Roberton, S. (2016). "Mustela kathiah". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41655A45214014.
  53. Abramov, A. V.; Duckworth, J. W.; Choudhury, A.; Chutipong, W.; Timmins, R.J.; Ghimirey, Y.; Chan, B. & Dinets, V. (2016). "Mustela sibirica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41659A45214744.
  54. Roberton, S.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R.J.; Abramov, A.; Chutipong, W.; Choudhury, A.; Willcox, D.H.A. & Dinets, V. (2016). "Mustela strigidorsa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14027A45201218.
  55. Cooke, J.G. (2018). "Balaenoptera acutorostrata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T2474A50348265.
  56. Taylor, B.L.; Baird, R.; Barlow, J.; Dawson, S.M.; Ford, J.K.B.; Mead, J.G.; Notarbartolo di Sciara, G.; Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. (2012). "Kogia breviceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T11047A17692192.
  57. Minton, G.; Smith, B. D.; Braulik, G. T.; Kreb, D.; Sutaria, D. & Reeves, R. (2017). "Orcaella brevirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15419A123790805.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  58. Reeves, R.; Pitman, R.L. & Ford, J.K.B. (2017). "Orcinus orca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15421A50368125.
  59. Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Bates, P.; Gumal, M.; Kingston, T.; Molur, S. & Srinivasulu, C. (2019). "Cynopterus brachyotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T6103A22113381.
  60. Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C.; Bates, P. & Francis, C. (2008). "Pteropus giganteus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T18725A8511108.
  61. Coroiu, I. (2016). "Myotis mystacinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14134A22052250.
  62. Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Juste, J.; Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Paunovic, M. & Karatas, A. (2010). "Hypsugo savii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T44856A10955205.
  63. Gazaryan, S.; Bücs, S. & Çoraman, E. (2020). "Miniopterus schreibersii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T81633057A151216401.
  64. Boeadi & Steinmetz, R. (2008). "Galeopterus variegatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T41502A10479343.
  65. Traeholt, C.; Novarino, W.; bin Saaban, S.; Shwe, N.M.; Lynam, A.; Zainuddin, Z.; Simpson, B. & bin Mohd, S. (2016). "Tapirus indicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T21472A45173636.
  66. Challender, D.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Panjang, E.; Lim, N.; Nash, H.; Heinrich, S. & Chong, J. (2019). "Manis javanica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T12763A123584856.
  67. Challender, D.; Wu, S.; Kaspal, P.; Khatiwada, A.; Ghose, A.; Ching-Min Su, N. & Laxmi Suwal, T. (2020) [errata version of 2019 assessment]. "Manis pentadactyla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T12764A168392151.
  68. Nekaris, K.A.I.; Al-Razi, H.; Blair, M.; Das, J.; Ni, Q.; Samun, E.; Streicher, U.; Xue-long, J. & Yongcheng, L. (2020). "Nycticebus bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39758A17970536.
  69. Chetry, D.; Long, Y.; Htun, S.; Timmins, R.J.; Boonratana, R. & Das, J. (2020). "Macaca arctoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12548A17949098.
  70. Boonratana, R.; Chalise, M.; Htun, S. & Timmins, R. J. (2020). "Macaca assamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12549A17950189.
  71. Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M. & Boonratana, R. (2020). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12551A17949449.
  72. Timmins, R. J.; Richardson, M.; Chhangani, A. & Yongcheng, L. (2008). "Macaca mulatta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T12554A3356486.
  73. Nadler, T. (2021). "Trachypithecus barbei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41554A17960144.
  74. Yongcheng, L.; Nadler, T. & Quyet, L.K. (2021). "Trachypithecus crepusculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136920A204397334.
  75. Bleisch, B.; Brockelman, W.; Timmins, R.J.; Nadler, T.; Thun, S.; Das, J. & Yongcheng, L. (2020). "Trachypithecus phayrei ssp. shanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136928A17988916.
  76. Boonratana, R.; Ang, A.; Traeholt, C. & Thant, N.M.L. (2020). "Trachypithecus obscurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22039A17960562.
  77. Bleisch, B.; Brockelman, W.; Timmins, R. J.; Nadler, T.; Thun, S.; Das, J. & Yongcheng, L. (2020). "Trachypithecus phayrei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22040A17960739.
  78. Long, Y.; Htun, S. (2020). "Trachypithecus shortridgei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39869A17961202.
  79. Ang, A. & Boonratana, R. (2020). "Presbytis femoralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18126A17955020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  80. Geissmann T, Lwin N, Aung SS, Aung TN, Aung ZM, Hla TH, Grindley M, Momberg F (2010). "A new species of snub-nosed monkey, genus Rhinopithecus Milne-Edwards, 1872 (Primates, Colobinae), from northern Kachin state, northeastern Myanmar". Am J Primatol. 73 (1): 96–107. doi:10.1002/ajp.20894. PMID 20981682.
  81. Brockelman, W.; Molur, S. & Geissmann, T. (2019). "Hoolock hoolock". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39876A17968083.
  82. Brockelman, W.; Geissmann, T. (2019). "Hoolock leuconedys". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T118355453A17968300.
  83. Fan, P.F.; Turvey, S.T. & Bryant, J.V. (2020). "Hoolock tianxing". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T118355648A166597159.
  84. Brockelman, W. & Geissmann, T. (2020). "Hylobates lar". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10548A17967253.
  85. Williams, C.; Tiwari, S.K.; Goswami, V.R.; de Silva, S.; Easa, P.S.; Kumar, A.; Baskaran, N.; Yoganand, K. & Menon, V. (2020). "Elephas maximus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T7140A45818198.
  86. Lunde, D.; Aplin, K. & Molur, S. (2016). "Hystrix brachyura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10749A11509929.
  87. Ruedas, L. (2016). "Rattus norvegicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19353A165118026.
  88. Han, K. H.; Duckworth, J. W. & Molur, S. (2016). "Tupaia belangeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41492A22280884.
  89. Marsh, H. & Sobtzick, S. (2019). "Dugong dugon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T6909A160756767.
  90. Hutterer, R.; Molur, S. & Heaney, L. (2016). "Suncus murinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41440A22287830.
  91. Timmins, R.J.; Duckworth, J.W.; Samba Kumar, N.; Anwarul Islam, M.; Baral, H.S.; Long, B. & Maxwell, A. (2015). "Axis porcinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41784A22157664.
  92. Ellis, S. & Talukdar, B. (2020). "Dicerorhinus sumatrensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T6553A18493355.
  93. Aadrean, A.; Kanchanasaka, B.; Heng, S.; Reza Lubis, I.; de Silva, P. & Olsson, A. (2015). "Lutra sumatrana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12421A21936999.
  94. Ellis, S. & Talukdar, B. (2020). "Rhinoceros sondaicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19495A18493900.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.