List of heirs to the Spanish throne

This is a list of the individuals who were, at any given time, considered the next in line to inherit the throne of Spain, should the incumbent monarch die. Those who actually succeeded (at any future time) are shown in bold.

From the personal union of the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon until the accession of the first Bourbon monarch in 1700, the heir to the Spanish throne was the person closest to the Spanish monarch according to the male-preference cognatic primogeniture. From the accession of Philip V until the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, the heir to the Spanish throne was the person closest to the Spanish monarch according to the Salic law.[1] The heir, whether heir apparent or heir presumptive, was often granted the title of Prince of Asturias.

Significant breaks in the succession, where the designated heir did not in fact succeed (due to usurpation, conquest, revolution, or lack of heirs) are shown as breaks in the table below.

The symbols +1, +2, etc. are to be read "once (twice, etc.) removed in descendancy", i.e., the child or grandchild (etc.) of a cousin of the degree specified. The symbols -1, -2, etc. indicate the converse relationship, i.e., the cousin of a parent or grandparent (etc.).

1516 to 1700

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
Charles IHeir apparenteldest son14 March 1516mother became queen12 April 1555became sole monarchFerdinand 1516-1527, younger brotherJoanna I
Philip 1527-1555, eldest son
FerdinandHeir presumptiveyounger brotherbrother became king21 May 1527son born to kingEleanor 1516-1526, elder sisterCharles I
Elizabeth 1526-1527, daughter
Philip, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparenteldest son21 May 1527born16 January 1556became kingFerdinand 1527-1528, uncle
Mary 1528-1529, younger sister
Ferdinand 1529-1530, younger brother
Mary 1530-1537, younger sister
John 1537-1538, younger brother
Mary 1538-1545, younger sister
Carlos 1545-1556, son
Carlos, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson16 January 1556father became king24 July 1568diedMary 1556-1566, auntPhilip II
Isabella Clara Eugenia 1566-1568, younger half-sister
Isabella Clara EugeniaHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter24 July 1568half-brother died4 December 1571half-brother bornCatalina Micaela 1568-1571, younger sister
Ferdinand, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson4 December 1571born18 October 1578diedIsabella Clara Eugenia 1571-1573, elder half-sister
Charles Laurence 1573-1575, younger brother
Isabella Clara Eugenia 1575, elder half-sister
Diego 1575-1578, younger brother
Diego, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson18 October 1578brother died21 November 1582diedPhilip 1578-1582, younger brother
Philip, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson21 November 1582brother died13 September 1598became kingIsabella Clara Eugenia 1582-1598, elder half-sister
Isabella Clara EugeniaHeiress presumptiveelder half-sister13 September 1598half-brother became king22 September 1601daughter born to kingPhilip Emmanuel, Prince of Piedmont 1598-1601, nephewPhilip III
AnneHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter22 September 1601born8 April 1605brother bornIsabella Clara Eugenia 1601-1603, aunt
Mary 1603, younger sister
Isabella Clara Eugenia 1603-1605, aunt
Philip, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparenteldest son8 April 1605born31 March 1621became kingAnne 1605-1607, elder sister
Charles 1607-1621, younger brother
CharlesHeir presumptiveyounger brother31 March 1621brother became king14 August 1621daughter born to kingFerdinand 1621, younger brotherPhilip IV
Maria MargaretHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter14 August 1621born15 August 1621diedCharles 1621, uncle
CharlesHeir presumptiveyounger brother15 August 1621king's daughter died25 November 1623daughter born to kingFerdinand 1621-1623, younger brother
Margaret Maria CatherineHeiress presumptivedaughter25 November 1623born22 December 1623diedCharles 1623, uncle
CharlesHeir presumptiveyounger brother22 December 1623king's daughter died21 November 1625daughter born to kingFerdinand 1623-1625, younger brother
Maria EugeniaHeiress presumptivedaughter21 November 1625born21 August 1627diedCharles 1625-1627, uncle
CharlesHeir presumptiveyounger brother21 August 1627king's daughter died31 October 1627daughter born to kingFerdinand 1627, younger brother
Isabella Maria TheresaHeiress presumptivedaughter31 October 1627born1 November 1627diedCharles 1627, uncle
CharlesHeir presumptiveyounger brother1 November 1627king's daughter died17 October 1629son born to kingFerdinand 1627-1629, younger brother
Balthasar Charles, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparenteldest son17 October 1629born9 October 1646diedCharles 1629-1632, uncle
Ferdinand 1632-1634, uncle
Francis Ferdinand 1634, younger brother
Ferdinand 1634-1636, uncle
Maria Anna 1636, younger sister
Ferdinand 1636-1638, uncle
Maria Theresa 1638-1646, younger sister
Maria TheresaHeiress presumptivedaughter9 October 1646brother died28 November 1657half-brother bornFerdinand 1646-1651, 1st cousin
Margaret Theresa 1651-1657, younger half-sister
Philip Prospero, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson28 November 1657born1 November 1661diedMaria Theresa 1657-1658, elder half-sister
Ferdinand Thomas Charles 1658-1659, younger brother
Maria Theresa 1659-1660, elder half-sister
succession uncertain 1660-1661
succession uncertain 1–6 Nov 1661
Charles, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson6 November 1661born17 September 1665became kingsuccession uncertain 1661-1665
Since the validity of the renunciation of Maria Theresa on her rights to the Spanish throne was contested, the succession was disputed among the heirs by cognatic primogeniture and the heirs established under the will of Philip IV. The will entailed the throne on the heirs of his younger daughter Margaret Theresa. The following are the leaders of both lines:
Maria TheresaPotential heirs by cognatic primogenitureelder half-sister17 September 1665half-brother became king30 July 1683diedLouis, Dauphin of France 1665-1683, eldest sonCharles II
Louis, Dauphin of Francenephew30 July 1683mother died2 October 1700renounced claims to the throneLouis, Duke of Burgundy 1683-1700, eldest son
Philip, Duke of Anjougrandnephew2 October 1700father's renunciation16 November 1700became kingCharles, Duke of Berry 1700, younger brother
Margaret TheresaPotential heirs by the will of Philip IVsister17 September 1665brother became king12 March 1673diedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1665-1667, 1st cousin
Ferdinand Wenceslaus 1667-1668, eldest son
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1668-1669, 1st cousin
Maria Antonia 1669-1670, daughter
John Leopold 1670, son
Maria Antonia 1670-1673, daughter
Maria Antonianiece12 March 1673mother died24 December 1692diedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1673-1689, father
Leopold Ferdinand 1689, eldest son
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1689-1690, father
Anton 1690, son
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1690-1692, father
Joseph Ferdinand 1692, son
Joseph Ferdinandgrandnephew24 December 1692mother died6 February 1699diedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 1692-1699, grandfather
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor1st cousin6 February 1699grandson died16 November 1700succession of new kingJoseph 1699-1700, son

1700 to 1808

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
Charles, Duke of BerryHeir presumptiveyounger brother16 November 1700brother became king25 August 1707son born to kingnone 1700-1707Philip V
Louis, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparenteldest son25 August 1707born15 January 1724became kingCharles, Duke of Berry 1707-1709, uncle
Philip 1709, younger brother
Charles, Duke of Berry 1709-1712, uncle
Philip 1712-1719, younger brother
Ferdinand 1719-1724, younger brother
Ferdinand, Prince of AsturiasHeir presumptivebrother15 January 1724brother became king9 July 1746became kingCharles 1724-1746, younger half-brotherLouis I
Heir apparentsonPhilip V
CharlesHeir presumptivehalf-brother9 July 1746half-brother became king10 August 1759became kingPhilip 1746-1747, younger brotherFerdinand VI
Philip 1747-1759, eldest son
PhilipHeir apparenteldest son10 August 1759father became king5 October 1759removed from the successionCharles 1759, younger brotherCharles III
Charles, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson5 October 1759brother removed from the succession14 December 1788became kingFerdinand 1759-1771, younger brother
Carlos Clemente 1771-1774, eldest son
Ferdinand 1774-1780, younger brother
Carlos Domingo 1780-1783, son
Ferdinand 1783, younger brother
Carlos Francisco de Paula 1783-1784, son
Ferdinand 1784-1788, son
Ferdinand, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson14 December 1788father became king19 March 1808became kingCharles 1788-1808, younger brotherCharles IV
CharlesHeir presumptiveyounger brother19 March 1808brother became king6 May 1808brother deposedFrancisco de Paula 1808, younger brotherFerdinand VII

1808 to 1813

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
ZénaïdeHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter6 June 1808father became king11 December 1813father deposedCharlotte 1808-1813, younger sisterJoseph I

1813 to 1868

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
CarlosHeir presumptiveyounger brother11 December 1813brother restored10 October 1830daughter born to kingFrancisco de Paula 1813-1818, younger brotherFerdinand VII
Carlos Luis 1818-1830, eldest son
Isabella, Princess of AsturiasHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter10 October 1830born29 September 1833became queenCarlos 1830-1832, uncle
Louisa Ferdinanda 1832-1833, younger sister
Louisa FerdinandaHeiress presumptiveyounger sister29 September 1833sister became queen20 May 1849son born to queenCarlos 1833-1837, uncleIsabella II
Francisco de Paula 1837-1848, uncle
Marie Isabelle 1848-1849, daughter
LouisHeir apparenteldest son20 May 1849born20 May 1849diedLouisa Ferdinanda 1849, aunt
Louisa FerdinandaHeiress presumptiveyounger sister20 May 1849queen's son died12 July 1850son born to queenMarie Isabelle 1849-1850, daughter
FerdinandHeir apparenteldest son12 July 1850born12 July 1850diedLouisa Ferdinanda 1850, aunt
Louisa FerdinandaHeiress presumptiveyounger sister12 July 1850queen's son died20 December 1851daughter born to queenMarie Isabelle 1850-1851, eldest daughter
Isabella, Princess of AsturiasHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter20 December 1851born21 December 1856brother bornLouisa Ferdinanda 1851-1854, aunt
Maria Christina 1854, younger sister
Louisa Ferdinanda 1854-1855, aunt
Margaret 1855, younger sister
Louisa Ferdinanda 1855-1856, aunt
FranciscoHeir apparentson21 December 1856born21 December 1856diedIsabella 1856, elder sister
Isabella, Princess of AsturiasHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter21 December 1856brother died28 November 1857brother bornLouisa Ferdinanda 1856, aunt
Alfonso, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson28 November 1857born30 September 1868mother deposedIsabella 1857-1866, elder sister
Francisco 1866, younger brother
Isabella 1866-1868, elder sister

1870 to 1873

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparenteldest son16 November 1870father became king11 February 1873father abdicatednone 1870Amadeo I
Vittorio Emanuele 1870-1873, younger brother

1874 to 1931

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
Isabella, Princess of AsturiasHeiress presumptiveelder sister29 December 1874brother became king11 September 1880daughter born to kingMaría del Pilar 1874-1879, younger sisterAlfonso XII
María de la Paz 1879-1880, younger sister
Mercedes, Princess of AsturiasHeiress presumptivedaughter11 September 1880born17 October 1904diedIsabella 1880-1882, aunt
María Teresa 1882-1901, younger sister
elder sisterAlfonso 1901-1904, eldest sonAlfonso XIII
AlfonsoHeir presumptivenephew17 October 1904mother died10 May 1907son born to kingFernando 1904-1905, younger brother
Isabel Alfonsa 1905-1907, younger sister
Alfonso, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparenteldest son10 May 1907born14 April 1931monarchy abolishedAlfonso 1907-1908, 1st cousin
Jaime 1908-1931, younger brother

Since 1947

HeirStatusRelationship to MonarchBecame heirReasonCeased to be heirReasonNext in successionMonarch
no recognised heir 1947–1969none
Juan Carlos, Prince of SpainHeir apparentnone22 July 1969appointed heir22 November 1975became kingFelipe 1969-1975, son
Felipe, Prince of AsturiasHeir apparentson22 November 1975father became king19 June 2014became kingElena 1975-2005, younger sisterJuan Carlos I
Leonor 2005-2014, eldest daughter
Leonor, Princess of AsturiasHeiress presumptiveeldest daughter19 June 2014father became kingincumbentSofía 2014-present, younger sisterFelipe VI

See also

References

  1. Blinkhorn, Martin (1975). Carlism and crisis in Spain, 1931-1939. CUP Archive. ISBN 0-521-20729-0.
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