List of equipment of the Croatian Army
This is a list of equipment in use by the Croatian Army.
Small arms
Handguns
Model | Image | Caliber | Origin | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HS Produkt HS[1] | ![]() | 9×19mm | ![]() | 40,000 | Standard sidearm |
HS Produkt XDM | ![]() | 9×19mm | ![]() | 20,000 | Standard sidearm |
Submachine guns
Model | Image | Caliber | Origin | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heckler & Koch MP5[2] | ![]() | 9×19mm | ![]() | 80-100 | Used by the CROSOFCOM and the Special Military Police Company. |
Arma ERO[2] | ![]() | 9×19mm | ![]() | ~500+ | Unlicensed copy of the IMI Uzi submachine gun.
Used by tank, IFV and APC crews and other non-infantry personnel. |
Assault rifles
Model | Image | Caliber | Origin | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HS Produkt VHS | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 20 000 ~ VHS-2
7 800 VHS |
7800 VHS rifles entered service by 2012, Currently only 1200 VHS2 in use. with most now relegated to reserve status. The VHS-2 being the main service rifle of the Armed Forces.[3][4][5] 500 VHS rifles intended for Croatian Army were sold to the US DOD.[6][7][8] The Croatian Army placed an order for 300 VHS-2 rifles and a future order of 20 000 VHS-2 rifles was agreed. VHS-2 rifles are set to replace the older VHS rifle which will be relegated to reserve status.[9] VHS rifle still in use by some units such as cadets, recruits and other non-infantry formations. |
Heckler & Koch G36[10] | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 750 | Used by the CROSOFCOM, Special Military Police Company and the Croatian Police, additional 200 acquired for the MUP for total of 750. |
Heckler & Koch HK416 | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 550[11] | Standard rifle of the CROSOFCOM. New order was placed for 250 HK416 and 100 HK417, delivered in 2018. |
FN F2000 | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 100 | Bought for evaluation and familiarization by the Croatian Special Operations Forces Command. |
Colt M4[10] | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 200 | Used by the CROSOFCOM.[12] |
Zastava M70 | ![]() | 7.62×39mm | ![]() | 640 | Around 88,000 stored and offered for sale, 44 000 sold to Afghanistan in 2010, 4 000 donated to Mali in 2013,[13] some 6 000 rifles sold to Syrian Rebels via Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Completely withdrawn from use by the end of 2018, however some 40 000 left as strategic reserve.[14][15] Some still see use in basic training units in the purpose of familiarization with the platform. At least 20 000 donated to Ukraine in 2022.[16] |
Sniper rifles
Model | Image | Caliber | Origin | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sako TRG-42 | ![]() | 8.6×70mm | ![]() | 240 | Standard sniper rifle of Croatian Army replacing older models. |
Heckler & Koch HK417 | ![]() | 7.62×51mm | ![]() | 250~ | Standard designated marksman rifle. More to be acquired. |
Remington M40A5 | ![]() | 7.62×51mm | ![]() | 70~ | 100~ older A1 models being phased out, with a few remaining for familiarization. |
Barrett M82 | ![]() | 12.7×99mm | ![]() | 24~ | Anti-materiel rifle, a dozen or so kept in reserve status. |
SCAM Marine MACS M3 | ![]() | 12.7×99mm | ![]() | 20~ | Standard anti-materiel rifle.[17] |
Metallic RT-20 | ![]() | 20×110mm | ![]() | ~3-4 | Anti-materiel rifle, only a few samples in service.[18][19] |
Grenade launchers
Model | Image | Caliber | Origin | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metallic RBG-6 | ![]() | 40×46mm | ![]() | 124 | 112 in use with the Croatian Army and 12 with the CROSOFCOM and the Special Military Police Company.[20] |
Heckler & Koch AG36 | ![]() | 40×46mm | ![]() | 300 | Comes as standard with all HK G36 rifles used in peacekeeping operations. |
Mk 19 grenade launcher | ![]() | 40×53mm | ![]() | 92+ | Seen for the first time in public at the 2015 Military parade in Zagreb, 32 weapons purchased for 4.8 million kuna. Mounted on the MATV and M1151 Up-Armored Capable HMMWV vehicles. More to be purchased, requirement calls for 224 weapon systems.[21][22][23] |
Machine guns
Model | Image | Caliber | Origin | Quantity | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Browning M2 | ![]() | 12.7×99mm | ![]() | 700+ | Mostly mounted on armoured vehicles, including as remote weapon stations, of which 120+ are in use with the Croatian Army with more to be acquired. |
FN MAG | ![]() | 7.62×51mm | ![]() | 30+ | A number purchased for new light armored vehicles and armored infantry mobility vehicles. |
FN M249 | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 100+ | More to be acquired.[24] Croatian HS Produkt secured a licence for production in Croatia for the needs of the Croatian Army, requirements for at least 500 weapons to replace other various systems in use. Will be produced both in the 5.56NATO and 7.62NATO variants. |
Ultimax 100 | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 100 | Acquired in early 1990s, at the beginning of the Homeland War. Used by the Special Military Police Company. |
Heckler & Koch HK21 | ![]() | 5.56×45mm | ![]() | 300 | Acquired in late 1990s, supplements Zastava M84.[25] |
Vehicles
Tanks
Currently the Croatian Army operates 72 M84A4 tanks, the tanks are deployed in to 5 armoured companies with each company having 14 tanks in total two armoured battalions. Further two tanks are used for training. At one point the Croatian Army was looking at modernizing M84A4 tanks to the A5 standard, which would see installation of improved fire control, new battlefield management system, 3rd generation thermal sight, advanced ERA armour package consisting of reactive and passive armour tiles covering 180 degrees of the front face of the tank and much of the roof of the tank, increasing armoured protection of the tank from current 590mm to some 750mm of frontal protection. Modernization also included an improved engine unit and rubber inserts for tank tracks alongside new communications and GPS navigation equipment. However the cost of upgrade exceeded the modernization budget so only a limited general overhaul was agreed which includes only rubber track insets for tank tracks and complete overhaul of M84 tank at allocated cost of around $450 000 per tank. The upgrade of the tanks to the M84A5 standard would have costed around 23 million kuna per tank or just over 1.65 billion kuna for the entire fleet or roughly $252 million. Croatian Army plans to replace M84A4 tanks with a Western made tank, either the Leopard 2A7+, Korean K2 Black Panther tank or the French Leclerc Tank, however it is not clear when this might happen, when it does happen, it is estimated if Croatian Army replaced M84A4 tanks one for one basis, new tanks would cost the Army some €720 million, so for now the purchase of new tanks isn't a top priority.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M-84A4 Sniper | ![]() | MBT | ![]() ![]() | 72 | All M-84A tanks brought to this standard by 2008. The fleet is undergoing limited overhaul with 4 tanks to be refurbished by the year's end at the cost of US$440,000 per vehicle.[26] The plan is to replace tanks with a NATO tank such as the Leopard 2 at some point but due to the shortage of funds this isn't a top priority. |
Tracked vehicles
The Croatian Army relies heavily on Yugoslav era armoured vehicles in its inventory precisely the M80A which was developed in late 1970s to meet Yugoslav Army requirements. The Croatian Army inherited some 134 vehicles from Yugoslav Army through capture of said vehicles in early 1990s, some 128 were put into service with the Croatian Army. Currently the vehicles are deployed in 2 mechanized infantry battalions with one additional M80A company attached to the 2nd Armoured Battalion of Armoured Mechanized Brigade in Vinkovci. For the past 10 years the Croatian Army was trying to secure funding for the replacement of M80A which are seen as inadequate by modern NATO standards offering poor protection, poor overall performance and high maintenance cost. The Croatian Army has secured a partial replacement of the M80A with M2A2 ODS Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicles which are being delivered to Croatian Army and which will be upgraded by Đuro Đaković to the M2A3 standard. There is a good possibility that the Croatian Army will order additional vehicles so it can completely retire the obsolete M80A vehicles from service by 2030. It is estimated that the Croatian Army needs 180 vehicles in total to fulfill that requirement. 132 IFVs will form 3 mechanized battalions, 24 IFVs will be used as command vehicles and at least 24 additional vehicles will be used for spare parts. Beyond the current order of 89 vehicles it is not clear if the Croatian Army will order additional vehicles or when this might happen.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BVP M-80A | ![]() | IFV | ![]() | 128 | A total of 92 vehicles operational in two battalions, additional 24 converted or surplus units. Possible modernization of the fleet has been dismissed. Likely to be replaced by additional M2 Bradley IFVs, the Croatian Army is going to receive the initial batch of 89 vehicles from US in 2023/5. |
M2 Bradley | ![]() | IFV | ![]() | 62 IFVs +5 Driver training +22 spares | 67 vehicles (M2A2 ODS) on order, additional 22 will be used for spare parts. Vehicles to enter service 2023-2026. Further donations of the same vehicle are quite likely, Heavy Mechanized Brigade will need to replace 128 M80A IFVs, and the replacement with M2 Bradly is one possibility being considered. Order also includes over 1700 BGM-71 TOW missiles of all sorts with support and spare package worth $757 million.[27][28][29][30][31] |
Wheeled armoured personnel vehicles
The Croatian Army's main wheeled APC is the Patria AMV, 127 vehicles are currently in service with at least 20 more to join the service in the upcoming years. Some 108 vehicles are armed with Protector (RWS) Remote Weapon Station and 9 vehicles are armed with Elbit's UT30MK2 turrets. Through US donations the army has received a large number of mine resistant vehicles, including some 172 Oshkosh M-ATV armed with 12.7mm HMG, it is not clear if the army plans to modernize the Oshkosh M-ATV with the remote weapon station, but this is probably one of the longer term priorities.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patria AMV | ![]() | APC IFV | ![]() ![]() | 118 9+31 | All units were delivered by mid-2013 but the final outfitting and equipping is set to be concluded no sooner than 2016. Additional 31 vehicles in IFV configuration are to be ordered and armed with the UT30MK2 turret armed with a 30mm cannon and twin Spike LR launchers. This would bring the number of IFV configured Patria AMVs to 40 and the total number of Patria AMVs in Croatian Army service to 158.[32][7][33] |
RG-33 | ![]() | MRAP | ![]() | 20 | A total of 20 RG-33L (6x6) MRAP HAGA vehicles delivered and entered service with Support Command as medical vehicles during 2015.[34] |
International MaxxPro | ![]() | MRAP | ![]() | 40 | Of the 30 MaxxPro vehicles Croatia received as EDA, 21 are for the Croatian Army, 5 joined the CROSOFCOM, and 2 each joined the Support Command and the Military Police Regiment. 6 MaxxPro Recovery Vehicles.[34][35] |
Oshkosh M-ATV | ![]() | MRAP | ![]() | 172 | The initial order was made for 122 M-ATV but additional 40 units were requested and approved by the US Senate.[36][37] Of 162 M-ATVs received as EDA, 15 are going to the Croatian Special Operations Forces Command (CROSOFCOM), 5 will be with the Support Command (SCOM), 2 with the Military Police Regiment, and 78 are to enter service with the Croatian Army in 2015, with a further 62 to follow in 2016 (equipping the Wolves Motorized Battalion of the Mechanized Guards Brigade in Gospić).[34] |
M1151 Up-Armored Capable HMMWV | ![]() | IMV | ![]() | 112 | The vehicles were mostly used by the ISAF forces in Afghanistan, but at least 13 newly built units delivered in 2012 were home-based, further 8 additional vehicles delivered in 2015 for a total of 21.[38] A total of 65 M1151s and 20 M1141 vehicles are in service.[39] |
Iveco LMV | ![]() | IMV | ![]() | 14 | An additional 84 vehicles were planned to enter service by 2017 but this option has been dropped due to the delivery of large quantities of M1151 Up-Armored Capable HMMWVs and other mine resistant vehicles donated to Croatia by the United States. |
Combat engineering vehicles
The Army maintains an impressive arsenal of non-combat engineering vehicles from diggers, loaders and various heavy duty trucks. In this segment the Croatian Army is fully equipped and Army engineering units are fully engaged in various domestic and international missions from participating in various UN missions, NATO missions and domestic emergency missions such as floods, construction of roads or land clearance for participating in fighting fires. In 2017 the Army acquired 2 Kalmar RT 240 Container handlers,[40] with further two added to army's logistics in 2020 as well as number of new CASE[41][42] and JCB[43][44] diggers, loaders and so on.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MaxxPro Recovery Vehicle | ![]() | Armoured recovery vehicle | ![]() | 6 | Entered service in 2016. |
T-55TZI | ![]() | Armoured recovery vehicle | ![]() | 8 | The Croatian MoD is currently looking for a replacement.[45] |
MT-55A | ![]() | Armoured bridge vehicle | ![]() | 8 | Additional bridge units are mounted on KrAZ 6x6 heavy trucks, currently awaiting replacement.[46] |
GSP-55 self-propelled amphibious ferry | ![]() | Amphibious vehicle | ![]() | 2 | Only two operational and used with an engineering unit. Awaiting replacement by a modern NATO system.[47] |
PTS-M | ![]() | Amphibious vehicle | ![]() | 4 | Actively participated in transport actions during the floods of 2014. |
PMS | ![]() | Pontoon bridge | ![]() | 4~5 | All are mounted on Tatra T813 8x8 trucks. Four systems seen at the parade, serving with the Engineering regiment, awaiting replacement by a modern NATO system. |
JCB Fastrac/JCB 4CX | ![]() | Digger/Loader | ![]() | 12 | A number of engineering equipment purchased or donated by the US and other NATO allies.[48] |
Kalmar Industries | ![]() | Reach stacker | ![]() | 4 | A number of engineering equipment purchased in 2017 and 2020. |
MV-4 | ![]() | Combat engineering vehicle | ![]() | 4 | Used for demining operations. Produced in Croatia by DOK-ING. |
Anti-aircraft warfare
The Croatian Army is heavily reliant on short range air defence systems such as the Strijela - 10CROA1, which although modernized offers only limited surface to air cover inadequate to deal with modern threats of UAV attack drones and other threats. The Croatian Army plans to acquire medium range surface to air system with NASAMSIII/ER, Mica VL/NG and SPYDER being among the likely contenders and Mica VL/NG having a possible significant advantage due to the Croatian Air Force purchase of Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft. The Croatian Army plans to acquire at least two batteries, although requirement calls for 4 batteries. Two new SAM batteries are likely to cost in the around €300 million and with the recent purchase of Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft, it is quite possible that there will be a delay in decision on new a surface to air system.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Strijela - 10CROA1 | ![]() | Short range air defense | ![]() | 9 | In 3 versions. |
BOV 20/3 | ![]() | Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun | ![]() | 44 | Triple M55 20mm anti-aircraft guns mounted on a BOV APC. The systems are set to remain in service due to their secondary role as heavily armed APCs. |
Bofors 40 mm L/70 | ![]() | Anti-aircraft autocannon | ![]() | 12 | Paired to Giraffe radars. |
FIM-92B/C Stinger | ![]() | Man-portable air-defense system | ![]() | 50+ launchers | Donated by the United States as replacement for a number of disposed older Yugoslav made Igla-S and Strela-2 missiles, in compliance with the request the United States made in 2012.[49] |
9K38 Igla | ![]() | Man-portable air-defense system | ![]() | 67 | |
9K32 Strela-2M | ![]() | Man-portable air-defense system | ![]() ![]() | 512 | System was retired from active service with most launchers now stored. Several systems are used for familiarization training, replaced by Stinger missile. |
- Although Croatia had acquired the S-300PMU-1 long-range surface-to-air missile system from Ukraine in 1994, and demonstrated some of the systems parts on the 1995 military parade held in Zagreb, it is believed that the system was never fully completed and operational although the training of crews was held as late as 1998. Some sources claim that the weapon was subsequently handed-over to the United States or Israel in 2002–2004. However, officials still claim that the system is still stored somewhere in Croatia and the exact fate of the system is to this day classified.
Anti-tank weapons
Currently the Croatian Army has a mix of anti tank systems in use, with vast majority of current inventory dating back to 1990s when during the Croatian War of Independence, the Croatian National Guard managed to capture massive stores of Yugoslav Army weapon stockpiles including large quantity of anti tank missiles of Soviet and Yugoslav origin. The Croatian Army also purchased a number of Russian anti tank systems during the War, systems which were never used by the Yugoslav Army. Many of these systems are now obsolete by modern standards and are not compatible with NATO equipment requirements. Due to the shortage of funds, the purchase of modern NATO compatible anti tank systems wasn't on the agenda until the recent purchase of Bradley M2A2 ODS IFVs and Patria AMV IFVs. The Croatian Army has secured 20 Spike launchers with at least 200 Spike LR missiles that will be mounted on 9 Patria AMV IFVs, with 2 launchers per vehicle, with further two launchers for training. With the purchase of M2A2 ODS Bradley IFVs, the Croatian Army went on ahead and ordered a large quantity of TOW 2 missiles in several configurations, both missile systems once they enter service will be vehicle mounted, so it is not clear when the Croatian Army plans to replace infantry anti tank missiles, however as there are 7 mechanized infantry combat battalions currently in the Army, there's a requirement for a large number of infantry portable ATGM launchers, with requirements for at least 224 launchers. The decision on acquisition of infantry systems is yet to be made, however the shortage of funds is certainly something that will play a major role in the procurement of infantry ATGM systems. 32 Hellfire missile launchers with a larger number of Hellfire Romeo missiles were purchased, mainly for use on Croatian Air Force OH-58D(R) helicopters. Future purchases of additional launchers and missiles are very likely, especially if Croatia acquires combat/attack drones and attack helicopters.
The RL90 M95 is currently the only rocket propelled grenade system in service, the rocket can penetrate up to 400mm of steel armour, however this is an obsolete system that has little perspective in the future. Alternatives such as Carl Gustaf and AT4 systems where looked at and a few samples were acquired for testing. As of yet no actual order was made. If the Croatian Army does go ahead and opts out for the Carl Gustav system, it is estimated that the Army will need 400 to 500 launchers and at least 3000 missiles of various kinds with an estimated cost of around €25 million or ~190 million kuna. The decision on the purchase of new anti tank grenade launchers and missiles is yet to be made, but again it is dependent on the availability of funds.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spike LR | ![]() | Anti tank missile | ![]() | 20 | Initial purchase of 20 launchers, a simulator and 200 missiles to initially equip 8 Patria AMVs in Croatian Army service. 28 Patria AMVs will eventually undergo similar upgrade. Currently the Croatian Army has an requirement for 200+ Launchers and at least 1000+ missiles to replace the current stock of Soviet anti tank missiles in service with the infantry formations. However, beyond these 20 launchers, there is no clear indication when the additional launchers might be purchased.[50][51] |
TOW-2 RF | ![]() | Wire-guided anti-tank missile | ![]() | 1703 | Croatia ordered 1103 TOW-2A, 500 TOW-2 Bunker Buster and 100 TOW-2B missiles, all in the wireless-guided RF version, as part of the Bradley IFV acquisition.[29] |
FGM-148 Javelin | ![]() | Anti tank missile | ![]() | 4-5 | Army purchased only few launchers for familiarization training, as decision on infantry anti-tank support weapon to replace launchers of Soviet origin is yet to be agreed on. Javelin and Spike are two favourite systems to replace Soviet ATGMs. Although cost of Javelin launchers and missiles gives little hope system will be adopted as infantry support weapon. Currently used only for familiarization and training with 4-5 launchers and small number of missiles in service.[52] |
9К115-2 Metis-M 9K115 Metis | ![]() | Wire-guided anti-tank missile | ![]() | 54 | [53][54] System purchased from Russia and Ukraine in early 1990s, during the Croatian War of Independence, 54 launchers and over 300 missiles in service. |
9M113 Konkurs | ![]() | Wire-guided anti-tank missile | ![]() | 58 | System purchased from Russia and Ukraine in early 1990s, during the Croatian War of Independence.[55][56][57] 58 launchers and over 500 missiles in service.[58][59] To be replaced by Javelin or Spike at some point in near future. |
9K111 Fagot | ![]() | Wire-guided anti-tank missile | ![]() | 5-8 | 300 launchers and 3000 missiles delivered in 1990s, up to early 2018, 119 launchers were operational, however only few operational mostly for anti tank team training and familiarization, 300 launchers relegated in to reserve status with only 5-8 launchers used for training and familiarization training. 9M113 Konkurs replaced 9K111 Fagot as the main infantry anti tank system till NATO standard ATGM replacement becomes available. |
9K11 Malyutka | ![]() | Wire-guided anti-tank missile | ![]() | 216 | 216 modernized launchers/missiles integrated with the BOV M-83 Polo armoured vehicle with 6 launchers installed per vehicle and with 18 vehicles deployed in the each of the two combat brigades. Complete withdrawal from service is set to be completed by the end of 2016. |
RL90 M95 | ![]() | Rocket-propelled grenade | ![]() ![]() | 770 | Over 1500 systems available, with 770 in service deployed with 4–6 with each combat platoon. To be phased out by 2017 and kept in reserve, replaced entirely by Swedish made Carl Gustav recoilless rifle or similar western system after 2020. |
AT4 | ![]() | Rocket-propelled grenade | ![]() | ~ | The exact number of these weapons is unknown.[60] AT4 training units regularly used in the Best Soldier Competition held each year. |
Mortars
The Croatian Army has a vast stockpile of mortars. It is estimated that nearly 2000 mortars of various kind and over quarter a million rounds are in possession. The vast stock of mortars and mortar rounds was captured from the Yugoslav Army when the Croatian National Guard managed to capture massive Yugoslav Army barracks in Zagreb, Varaždin, Bjelovar and other towns across Croatia during the Battle of the Barracks. Currently only a fraction of this arsenal is in use, with the rest stored and in reserve. All systems are NATO compatible so currently the Army has no known plans to replace these systems.
Model | Image | Type | Caliber | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M57 | ![]() | Mortar | 60mm | ![]() | 69 | 1253 kept in reserve.[7] The mortar has an effective range of 3500m with the standard projectile. The mortars underwent modifications to meet NATO requirements. |
M96 | ![]() | Mortar | 82mm | ![]() | 69 | 360 kept in reserve, improved copy of the Yugoslav M69 mortar.[7] The mortar has an effective range of 5600m with the standard projectile, 4200m with the illuminating projectile and 4800m with the light anti armour projectile. The mortars underwent modifications to meet NATO requirements. |
M75 | ![]() | Mortar | 120mm | ![]() | 43 | 201 kept in reserve.[7] The mortar has an effective range of 9500m with the standard projectile, and 5500m with the illuminating projectile. The mortars underwent modifications to meet NATO requirements. |
Towed howitzers
The Croatian Army captured a vast stock of Yugoslav Army artillery and ordnance, much of it now remains stored or is awaiting disposal. Due to NATO interoperability the Croatian Army has no use of outdated Yugoslav era systems however due to the lack of funds the Army is forced to retain some of the systems such as D-30 howitzers in active service. Ideally the M777 howitzer or CAESAR self-propelled howitzer would be the most likely choice for field artillery formations but due to lack of funding this remains a distant priority.
Model | Image | Type | Caliber | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
75 mm M116 howitzer | ![]() | Howitzer | 75mm | ![]() | 12 | Of the 57 artillery pieces only 12 are kept in active service primarily as ceremonial cannons, remaining cannons were phased out and put into storage. |
M56/M101 | ![]() | Howitzer | 105mm | ![]() ![]() | 48 | Some are US and some Yugoslav-built under license. Some 44 are kept in reserve with additional 4 used for training. Last ammunition check was conducted in October, 2015.[61] |
D-30 RH M94 | ![]() | Howitzer | 122mm | ![]() | 54 | Modified Soviet D-30 howitzers modernized to NATO standards.[62] One is in a museum and 3 are loaned to NATO's Joint Multinational Training Centre in Hohenfels in Germany for an extended period of time.[63] To be kept in service for the foreseeable future. Four units took part in the military parade in 2015.[64] |
130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46) | ![]() | Howitzer | 130mm | ![]() | 78 | 44 pieces are the M-46 variant and 34 pieces are the M-46H1 variant. To be kept serviceable for the reserve forces, none in active service due to NATO interoperability issues.. Two units took part in the military parade in 2015. Last ammunition check was conducted in October, 2015.[61] |
M-84 Nora | ![]() | Howitzer | 152mm | ![]() | 21 | All systems are in reserve status, none in active service due to NATO interoperability issues.[65] |
CITER 155mm L33 Gun | ![]() | Howitzer | 155mm | ![]() | 18 | All systems are operational, but a replacement is being sought. 3 systems kept in reserve.[66] |
Self-propelled howitzers
The Croatian Army captured 11 2S1 Gvozdika self propelled howitzers during the Croatian War of Independence and the Battle of Barracks but 2 systems were damaged and scrapped with one being displayed in the Army museum in Vukovar. Effectively the Croatian Army had only one battery of self propelled artillery which caused considerable issues with training and combat capabilities offered by the somewhat dated artillery system. The decision was made to purchase modern self propelled artillery system with Swedish Bofors Archer, American M109A6 Paladin and German PzH 2000 being favoured. In the end the Croatian Army purchased 16 PzH 2000 howitzers from the German Army stock and entered service with the Army in 2019. There is a plan to purchase additional PzH 2000 systems but due to the lack of funds this is postponed for the time being. The Croatian Army however plans to purchase at least 6 or 8 additional systems when funds become available.
Model | Image | Type | Caliber | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panzerhaubitze 2000 | ![]() | Self-propelled howitzer | 155mm | ![]() | 15 | Ordered from the German Army reserve stock, the $54 million contract was signed for 12 (plus 3 for spare parts) howitzers, including modernization and upgrade of said howitzers including support equipment, spare parts and training simulator. With deliveries starting in 2015 the deliveries were completed by 2019. Future additional purchase of the system is very likely to happen.[67] |
2S1 Gvozdika | ![]() | Self-propelled howitzer | 122mm | ![]() | 9[7] | Augmented by 12 Panzerhaubitze 2000 and will possibly be replaced by additional 6 PzH 2000 in the long term. There was a plan for limited modernization of the system including installation of NATO compatible combat and communication equipment. 6 systems in use and 3 used for spare parts. |
Rocket artillery
Model | Image | Type | Caliber | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RAK-12 | ![]() | Towed multiple rocket launcher | 128mm | ![]() | 68 | Some 8 systems are in active service while additional 60 are kept in reserve status. |
APR–40 | ![]() | Mobile multiple rocket launcher | 122mm | ![]() | 31 | Ordered from Romania in 1992-1993. Replacement by modern NATO system is a priority under new the defence white paper, no mention of what system would replace the current Multiple Launch Rocket Systems in service, talks were being held with US and German governments on possible purchase of M270 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems (M270 MLRS), Croatian requirements call for initially 8 systems to form two battery teams at the Independent Artillery Regiment, with further need of 16 systems needed to equip the two active combat brigades for a total of 24 systems along simulators and training vehicles. The number of systems which the Croatian Army might purchase will solely depend on the price of the entire purchase and delivery dates, the Ministry of Defence has planned to set aside some 200 million kuna or $32 million for this program, although it is likely said systems might be donated by the US for a symbolic price for which in return the Ministry of Defence would only pay VAT for said vehicles resulting in the price tag being negligible and affordable. |
M-92 Vulkan[68] | ![]() | Mobile multiple rocket launcher | 122mm | ![]() ![]() | 6 | Croatian modification of the M-77 Oganj 128mm MLRS. The launch box and the fire system have been modified to use BM-21 Grad 122mm rockets. The M-92 Vulkan battery (4 units) is part of the Croatian contingent in Poland (Battle Group Poland).[69] |
Unmanned aerial vehicles
Currently Croatian Army has assortment of domestic and mostly Israeli UAVs purchased in past few decades, with Skylark of which Army had deployed to battalion level is most common UAV, brigade level UAVs currently are domestically produced [70][71] M99_Bojnik[72] of which several are still operational in support, but replaced by modern Israeli built Aeronautics Orbiter 3b, of which Croatia initially purchased only 6, but with new order for at least 6 more due to ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. Armed forces plan to purchase additional combat drones as well as additional reconnaissance drones in coming months. Currently Army operates noumber of DJI Inspire and DJI MAvic 2, deployed along battalion and Company level units, with estimated 20-30 or so tiny drones that aren't really designed for military operations.[73] Croatian Armed Forces Drone command was established at Pula airport and airbase [74] which up to 2020 was used primarily for Tourist arrivals.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elbit Skylark | ![]() | Unmanned aerial vehicle | ![]() | 20+ | A number of systems purchased from Israel in the 2000s. |
Aeronautics Orbiter 3b | ![]() | Unmanned aerial vehicle | ![]() | 6 | Initial purchase of 6 systems from Israel in 2019, with the Croatian Army having the requirement for at least 16 systems. Future purchases are very likely. The Croatian Army purchased the latest - Orbiter 3b variant. |
Army communications and reconnaissance equipment
Croatian Army inherited large stock of Yugoslav communication and reconnaissance equipment mostly through capture during the war of Croatian independence in early 1990s. Modernization of communication, data network and reconnaissance vehicles and equipment started only after 2010 with purchase of large noumber of communication and secure data sets from United States, the UK and France. Donations of data network by US in particular helped Croatian Army's to equip most of its combat and support units with latest NATO standard equipment but also enabled Army to integrate link 16 data sharing network with most of its assets, however this does not include older equipment that is scheduled for retirement in next few years. Army' hopes to integrate all its assets and be able to share data when needed on the battlefield with all NATO partners therefore be fully integrate into NATO's defence structure.[75]
Army currently uses mix of US, UK and French communication equipment provided by 3 major defence suppliers, Thales, Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace and Harris L3Harris Technologies.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SSARF | ![]() | Surveillance equipment | ![]() | 20+ | Surveillance System and Range Finder for Army's mortar and artillery formations, deployed to Battalion level formations |
EriTac – tactical communication | ![]() | secured tactical communication & surveillance equipment | ![]() | 10+ | Equipping Brigade and Regiment level communication and networked data link, 10+ Systems purchased between 2010 and 2020, fully integrating all current Army tactical formations. |
Military trucks and Multi-use vehicles
The Croatian Army inherited a vast stock of trucks, four wheel drive, various transport and utility vehicles during the Croatian War of Independence and the Battle of the Barracks, at least 250 FAP trucks, 650 TAM trucks and a number of Soviet trucks such as ZiL, Ural or Maz were captured and put into military service. Many of these vehicles are still in service with the Croatian Army, even though some are over 40 years old. Torpedo 4x4 trucks, light 2.5T trucks were built in large quantities. Some 80 samples entered service with the Army in early 1990s. However, with Croatia joining NATO the Croatian Army started looking into acquiring western types of trucks including MAN TG Mill, Iveco 5T Transport Truck, Mercedes trucks among others. However due to the shortage of funds, delivery of new logistic and tactical trucks is somewhat lacking. In the past decade the Croatian Army started to renew its logistic and tactical truck fleet sporadically with purchases or donations of smaller quantities of new trucks. The Croatian Army stated the requirement of 1250 tactical/logistic trucks as the current desired goal.
Military trucks
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iveco 5T Transport Truck | ![]() | Medium cargo truckcab forward | ![]() | 80+ | Initial order of 39 vehicles made in 2005 and a subsequent order for additional 80 vehicles was made in 2008 and 2009. Currently over 120 vehicles in service. |
TAM | ![]() | Utility truck, cab forward | ![]() ![]() | 300~ | A large number of these trucks in various configurations still serve in many roles within the Croatian Army, they're being replaced by modern models but, due to defence budget cutbacks, these vehicles are likely to remain in service for the foreseeable future. These vehicles are, in many cases, now over 40 years old; replacement is sought when and where possible. The number of serviceable trucks dropped due to lack of spare parts. |
Torpedo TK 130 T7 4x4 | ![]() | Utility truck, cab forward | ![]() | 80~ | Large number of these trucks in various configurations still serve in many roles within Croatian Army, they're being replaced by modern models but, due to defence budget cutbacks, these vehicles are likely to remain in service for the foreseeable future. |
MAN TG Mill | ![]() | 40T truck tank transporter, cab forward | ![]() | 30-32 | Initial purchase of 20 MAN TGMIL trucks was made in 2015, to supplement the current fleet of Iveco heavy equipment transporters and replace older MAN models that were retired. In 2017/2020, Croatian Ministry of Defence bought 12 additional MAN TGMIL trucks to supplement its current fleet of heavy trucks.[76][77][78][79][80][81] |
LkW MAN 5t MIL GL 4x4 | ![]() | 5T troop transport, cab forward | ![]() | 50+ | The initial purchase of 27 German Army trucks that were stored and are now being refurbished for the Croatian Army. In 2015, the Croatian Ministry of Defence bought 10 more trucks from German surpluses, in accordance with the 2013 Framework Agreement on the purchase of used trucks and containers from the surplus of the German Armed Forces.[82][83][84][85] Since 2016, a number of additional vehicles were purchased, total number exceeds 50 vehicles in service as of 2020.[86] |
LkW MAN 7t MIL GL 6x6 | ![]() | 7T troop transport, cab forward | ![]() | 12~ | In 2015, the Croatian Ministry of Defence bought 5 trucks from German surpluses, in accordance with the 2013 Framework Agreement on the purchase of used trucks and containers from the surplus of the German Armed Forces.[85][87] |
LkW MAN 10t MIL GL 8x8 | ![]() | 10T troop transportcab forward | ![]() | 12~ | In 2015, the Croatian Ministry of Defence bought 5 trucks from German surpluses, in accordance with the 2013 Framework Agreement on the purchase of used trucks and containers from the surplus of the German Armed Forces.[85][88] |
Astra Trucks | ![]() | Medium utility vehicle, cab forward | ![]() | 4-5~ | Standard utility truck of the Croatian Army, 4-5 units ordered in 2004/5, all delivered and in service. Iveco Trakker chosen as the future standard heavy truck, future orders unlikely.[89][90] |
DAF Trucks | ![]() | 4WD/Medium utility vehicle, cab forward | ![]() | 20~ | Standard utility truck of the Croatian Army. 60 units received from the Dutch Army reserve stock in 2001, however only 20 or so remain in service today. |
Mercedes-Benz Arocs | ![]() | 6x6 and 8x8 heavy utility vehicle, cab forward | ![]() | 12+ | A number of new vehicles delivered in 2019/2021, at least 4 used in the heavy transporter role with the rest being multi-use logistic trucks that come with a modular hook lift system that simplify recovery or transport of large items in the modular flatbed system. Army plans to acquire more Mercedes-Benz Arocs in these configuration in the upcoming years.[91][92][93][94] |
FAP 2026 | ![]() | 6x6 and 8x8 heavy utility vehicle, cab forward | ![]() | 60~ | Croatian Army inherited a large number of FAP 2026 trucks during the Croatian War of Independence and the Battle of the Barracks when the Croatian Army captured over 250~ of these trucks, today only 60~ or so remain in service in various roles and are being replaced by modern western models due to lack of spare parts.[95][96][97][98][99][100] |
Military 4WD utility vehicles
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toyota Landcruiser | ![]() | 4WD/Utility vehicles/Military light utility vehicle | ![]() | 80~ | 150 ordered in 2008 and delivered in 2010, half went to other government departments, including the Ministry of the Interior. All are in good serviceable condition. It is the standard utility vehicle in service with the Croatian Army and other governmental agencies of Croatia. |
Mercedes G | ![]() | 4WD/Light utility vehicle/Military light utility vehicle | ![]() | 320~ | Standard utility vehicle of the Croatian Army, 250 units ordered in the 2000s, all delivered and in service. Further deliveries in 2015 and 2017, to replace the oldest vehicles in service. |
Pinzgauer | ![]() | 4WD/Utility vehicles/Military light utility vehicle | ![]() | 10-12~ | Many captured from JNA during Battle of the Barracks, today only a few remain serviceable, not more than a dozen.[101] |
Land Rover Wolf | ![]() | 4WD/Military light utility vehicle | ![]() | 32~ | Primarily used by the military police. Many transferred to the Croatian Border Police. Of the 200 ordered in 1998, only 32 remain in service with the armed forces. Some 120 were transferred to civilian use, many ending up with the Croatian Mountain Rescue Service.[102][103] |
Civilian multiuse trucks and utility vehicles
The Croatian Army relies heavily on the stock of old trucks and supply vehicles. Some were bought brand new but the majority were captured from the Yugoslav Army barracks during the Croatian War of Independence. Slowly, this old equipment is being replaced, however due to the shortage of funds logistics formations within the Croatian Army are the last to get modern vehicles. In the long-term the Croatian Army plans to the reduce number of vehicle types in service down to only 3 manufactures: MAN, Mercedes and Iveco. Currently over a dozen of different manufactures of vehicle types are in service creating costly maintenance issues.
Model | Image | Type | Origin | Number | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iveco Trakker | ![]() | Medium and heavy trucks, cab forward | ![]() | 30-32 | Initial order of a half a dozen or so vehicles was made in 2007. Most are used alongside the MAN trucks for the heavy transporter role. Additional vehicles are being delivered in low numbers.[104][105] Chosen as the main heavy truck for the Croatian Army. To replace older various trucks in service within the Croatian Army. The quantity of these vehicles has increased year by year, but due to the shortage of funds major purchases are avoided. Currently just over a dozen or so new vehicles were delivered between 2017-2020 for total of 32~ vehicles at the end of 2020. |
MAN Tank Transporter | ![]() | 40T truck tank transporter, Cab forward | ![]() | 20~ | 20 older MAN units in service, currently being replaced by other modern equivalents. |
Mercedes-Benz Actros/ | ![]() | 6x6 and 8x8 heavy utility vehicle, cab forward | ![]() | 30+ | Standard heavy utility vehicle of the Croatian Army, 30+ units ordered in 2010, 2017 and 2020 and all were delivered and are in service. The Croatian Army is looking to get number of new Mercedes-Benz Actros variant for the heavy transporter role.[91][92] |
Mercedes Benz SK | ![]() | 4x4, 6x6 and 8x8 heavy utility vehicle, cab forward | ![]() | 100~ | Standard heavy utility vehicle of the Croatian Army, many acquires in late 90s and early 00s, exact number of these vehicles is unknown. A replacement by the modern Mercedes-Benz Actros is currently underway. |
Iveco Daily | ![]() | Medium trucks | ![]() | 50+ | Initial order of a half a dozen or so vehicles was made in 2007. Most are used alongside the FAP and TAM medium trucks for the logistical transport role. To replace older FAP, TAM trucks in service with the Croatian Army. Number to vehicles is going to rise, however, due to the shortage of funds, major purchases are avoided. Currently about a dozen or so new vehicles are ordered and delivered each year. |
Ford Cargo | ![]() | Heavy truck | ![]() | 6 | Donation by the US, a first batch of 6 trucks, with 6 more to be delivered at the later stage in 2020. Comes as part of a bigger US donation to the Croatian Army Engineering Regiment alongside a number of other equipment including an entire army field kitchen and elements of a field hospital. Equipment donation is meant to supplement the Croatian UN contingent.[106] |
Nissan Navara | ![]() | 4WD/Pickup truck | ![]() | 20+~ | Many ordered in 2010, bust most were leased and returned, only 20 or so vehicles still remain in service. Since then replaced by new Ford, Mitsubishi and Toyota models.[107][108] |
Citroën Relay | ![]() | Van | ![]() | 50~ | Vehicles serve in many roles, including as emergency response vehicles.[109] |
Fiat Ducato | ![]() | Van | ![]() | 50+~ | Many ordered over the past decade, mostly used in logistics and transportation roles. |
Volkswagen Transporter | ![]() | Van | ![]() | 70+ | The Croatian Army acquired large quantities of these vehicles over the years, with as many as 70 currently in service.[110][111] |
Ford Ranger | ![]() | 4WD/Pickup truck | ![]() | 30+ | Croatian Government leased a large number of Ford Ranger trucks, with about 30 or so bought for the Croatian Army and further 50 or so vehicles bought for Croatian Ministry of Interior. The Croatian Army is currently leasing as many as 120 pickup trucks but also owns additional 30 trucks [112] |
Equipment withdrawn from service or in storage
- FN FAL - 7.62×51mm, 5,000 stored to be sold off, some still in use by the Ministry of Interior.
- Zastava M84 - 7.62×54mmR, totally phased out and replaced by western systems.
- Zastava M76 - 7.92×57mm sniper rifle, phased out entirely. Replaced by Remington and Sako in service within the Croatian Army.
- M80 "Zolja" RPG - phased out due to dwindling stock, replaced by AT4
- RPG-7 - system retired but some might be used by army reserve and for training purposes only.
- RPG-22 - system replaced by AT4 and other RPGs currently in use with the Army.
- BRDM-2 - in the local army museum
- BTR-60 - 2 in the local army museum.
- M60P/M60SAN - Yugoslav-made APCs, two are in the local army museum.
- MT-LB - 2 in local museum, the rest were scrapped and replaced by Patria AMV.
- M-47 Patton - 2 in the local army museum and rest are used for target practice.
- T-55A - Withdrawal of over 280 units started in 2006 with a dozen or so tanks used for training until late 2009, that is no longer the case due to the shortage of funds and all units have now been withdrawn and are awaiting disposal.
- M-63 Plamen - 128mm towed MRL, retired due to lack of ammunition and costly upkeep, no spare parts for the system.
- M-94 'Plamen S - 128mm MRL, no longer fit for purpose, retired and awaiting disposal.
- M-87 Orkan - 260mm MRL, captured during Battle of the Barracks in 1991. Systems are kept in reserve status due to lack of proper ammunition.
- ZSU-57-2 - used as target practice.
- M53/59 Praga - 2 in the local army museum.
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