List of cultural icons of Poland
This list of cultural icons of Poland includes objects commonly considered to be cultural icons, symbols characteristic of Poland at various times.
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Józef Mehoffer's Strange Garden
Religious
- Black Madonna of Częstochowa (Polish: Matka Boża Częstochowska, Our Lady of Czestochowa): "The image of Our Lady of Częstochowa is the most famous and the most venerated holy image in Poland. In contemporary Poland the image is a kind of a cultural icon, instantly recognizable and connected with popular symbolic and mythological meanings."[1]
- Saint queen and king Jadwiga
- Saint Jacek Odrowąż, connected with Pierogi
- Saint Andrzej Bobola
- Saint Stanisław Kostka
- Saint Faustyna Kowalska, connected with popular painting of Jesus Christ " Divine Mercy" and short prayer
- Saint Maksymilian Kolbe, martyr of Auschwitz
- Martyr Jerzy Popiełuszko, martyr killed by communist secret service
- Saint pope John Paul II
- Saint cardinal Stefan Wyszyński
Society
- Polskie Towarzystwo Gimnastyczne Sokół
- Armia Krajowa, Polish resistance movement during WWII
- Cursed soldiers, Polish anti-soviet resistance movement after WWII
- Solidarity
- Kowalski, Nowak and Wiśniewski surname
Art
- Artur Grottger
- Jan Matejko
- Young Poland (including Stanisław Wyspiański, Jacek Malczewski, Józef Mehoffer)
- Aleksander Gierymski
- Józef Chełmoński
- Zofia Stryjeńska
- Aniela Pawlikowska
- Jan Marcin Szancer
- Zdzisław Beksiński
- the Polish School of Posters
- the Polish School of Illustration
- the Polish School of Design
Buildings and structures
Literature
- third part of Mickiewicz's Dziady
- opening quatrain invocation in Mickiewicz's Pan Tadeusz
- Mikołaj Rey
- Jan Kochanowski
- Adam Mickiewicz
- Juliusz Słowacki
- Zygmunt Krasiński
- Cyprian Kamil Norwid
- Eliza Orzeszkowa
- Maria Konopnicka
- Bolesław Prus
- Władysław Reymont
- Henryk Sienkiewicz
- Joseph Conrad
- Gabriela Zapolska
- Ferdynand Ossendowski
- Witold Gombrowicz
- Zofia Kossak-Szczucka
- Julian Tuwim
- Jan Brzechwa
- Zofia Nałkowska
- Tadeusz Borowski
- Sergiusz Piasecki
- Stanisław "Cat" Mackiewicz
- Melchior Wańkowicz
- Czesław Miłosz
- Zbigniew Herbert
- Tadeusz Różewicz
- Wisława Szymborska
- Gustaw Herling-Grudziński
- Stanisław Lem
- the Polish School of Reportage
- Janusz Zajdel and his dystopian novel Limes Inferior
- Andrzej Sapkowski, author of saga The Witcher
- Jacek Dukaj
- Anna Brzezińska
- Olga Tokarczuk
Music
- Bogurodzica
- Michał Kleofas Ogiński
- Stanisław Moniuszko
- Frédéric Chopin
- Oskar Kolberg
- Ignacy Jan Paderewski
- Karol Szymanowski
- Artur Rubinstein
- Zbigniew Preisner
- Wojciech Kilar
- Ewa Demarczyk
- Marek Grechuta
- Czesław Niemen
- Jacek Kaczmarski
- Antonina Krzysztoń
- Stare Dobre Małżeństwo
- Polonaise
- Krakowiak
- International Chopin Piano Competition
Television, Radio, Film, Theatre
- Helena Modrzejewska
- Hanka Ordonówna
- Pola Negri
- Anna Dymna
- Gustaw Holoubek
- Tomasz Bagiński
- Bolek and Lolek
- Reksio
- Teddy Floppy-ear
- the Polish Film School (including Andrzej Wajda)
- Cinema of Moral Concern (Anxiety) (including Krzysztof Kieślowski works of Dekalog and Three Colours trilogy)
Folklore, myths and legends
- Lech, Czech & Rus brothers
- Prince Popiel and mauses
- Piast Kołodziej (Piast the Wheelwright)
- Wawel Dragon
- Princess Wanda
- Basilisk and Mermaid of Warsaw
- Abrupt Hejnał Mariacki (St. Mary's Trumpet Call)
- Lajkonik - legend from the Mongol invasion of Poland in XIII c.
- Ghost of Queen Bona
- Pan Twardowski
- Noble devil Boruta and peasant devil Rokita
- Kołobok / kłobuk
- Źmij (slavic dragon)
- Dziwożona
- Południca
- Rusałka
Food and drink
- Kompot
- Kisiel (kissel)
- Bigos (hunter's stew)
- Pierogi (Polish dumplings)
- Gołąbki
- Kapusta z grochem
- Sałatka jarzynowa
- Oscypki with cranberries
- Zapiekanki
- Cucumber soup
- Barszcz
- Żurek
- Sorrel soup
- Mushroom soup
- Chłodnik
- Rosół
- Pisanka (Easter eggs) and Święconka (Easter basket)
- Toruń's piernik (Polish gingerbread)
- Pączki (Polish doughnut)
- Babka wielkanocna (Easter) cake
- Mazurek cake
- Sękacz cake
- Makowiec cake
- Karpatka pie
- Krówki
- Ptasie mleczko
- Prince polo
Military
- First Battle of Tannenberg 1410 (Bitwa pod Grunwaldem)
- Winged hussars
- Battle of Vienna 1683
- Kościuszko Uprising 1794
- November Uprising 1830
- January Uprising 1863
- Piłsudski's Polish Legions in World War I
- Defense of Lwów (Battle of Lemberg) 1918
- Battle of Warsaw 1920 known as the Miracle on the Vistula (Polish: Cud nad Wisłą)
- Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 1943
- Warsaw Uprising 1944
- Armia Krajowa, Polish resistance movement during WWII
- Holy Cross Mountain Brigade
- Cursed soldiers, Polish anti-soviet resistance movement after WWII
Animals
- White eagle
- Żubr (European bison)
- Bocian (white stork) and Black cormorant
- Wolf connected with cursed soldiers symbolics
Scientists
- Nicolaus Copernicus
- Ignacy Łukasiewicz
- Marie Curie
- Kazimierz Funk
- Henryk Arctowski
- Ernest Malinowski
- Jan Szczepanik - Polish Edisson or Leonardem da Vinci of Galicia
- Jacek Karpiński
- Jan Czochralski
- Lwów–Warsaw school (including Alfred Tarski)
- Marian Rejewski
- Janusz Groszkowski
- Aleksander Wolszczan
Others
- Baltic amber
- Łowicki design
- Fiat 126
- Robert Lewandowski
References
- Anna Niedzwiedz, The Image and the Figure. Our Lady of Czestochowa in Polish Culture and Popular Religion, 2010, ISBN 978-83-233-2900-8
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