Lepraria

Lepraria
	Lepraria lobificans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Lecanoromycetes
Order:	Lecanorales
Family:	Stereocaulaceae
Genus:	Lepraria; Ach. (1803)
Type species
	Lepraria incana; (L.) Ach. (1803)
Synonyms[1]
	Pulina Adans (1763); Conia Vent. (1799); Epinyctis Wallr. (1831); Amphiloma Nyl. (1855);

Lepraria is a genus of leprose crustose lichens that grows on its substrate like patches of granular, caked up, mealy dust grains.[2][3] Members of the genus are commonly called dust lichens.[3]^: 305[4][5] The main vegetative body (thallus) is made of patches of soredia (little balls of algae wrapped in fungus).[3] There are no known mechanisms for sexual reproduction, yet members of the genus continue to speciate.[2][3] Some species can form marginal lobes and appear squamulose.[3]

Taxonomy

Lepraria was circumscribed in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius.[6] Jack Laundon assigned Lepraria incana as the type species of the genus in 1992.[7] It is in the family Stereocaulaceae.[8]

Species

Lepraria finkii

Lepraria harrisiana

Lepraria lanata

Lepraria xerophila

Lepraria achariana Flakus & Kukwa (2007)[9] – South America
Lepraria alba (Roth) Ach. (1799)
Lepraria albicans (Th.Fr.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria alpina (B.de Lesd.) Tretiach & Baruffo (2006)
Lepraria alternata Elix (2013)[10] – Australia
Lepraria arbuscula (Nyl.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria atlantica Orange (2001)
Lepraria atrotomentosa Orange & Wolseley (2001)
Lepraria aurescens Orange & Wolseley (2005)[11] – Thailand
Lepraria barbatica Lendemer (2010)[12]
Lepraria bergensis Tønsberg (2002)[13]
Lepraria borealis Loht. & Tønsberg (1994)[14]
Lepraria brasiliensis Elix, A.A.Spielm. & Øvstedal (2010)
Lepraria brodoi Lendemer & Tønsberg (2014)[15] – North America
Lepraria cacuminum (A.Massal.) Kümmerl. & Leuckert (1995)
Lepraria caesiella R.C.Harris (2005)
Lepraria caesioalba (B.de Lesd.) J.R.Laundon (1992)
Lepraria celata Slav.-Bay. (2006)
Lepraria chileana Grewe, Barcenas-Peña, R.Diaz & Lumbsch (2021)[16] – Chile
Lepraria congesta (Nyl.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria crassissima (Hue) Lettau (1958)
Lepraria cryophila Lendemer (2010)[12]
Lepraria cryptovouauxii Kukwa, Flakus & Guzow-Krzemińska (2019)
Lepraria cupressicola (Hue) J.R.Laundon (2008)
Lepraria dibenzofuranica Elix (2008)[17] – Australia
Lepraria diffusa (J.R.Laundon) Kukwa (2002)
Lepraria disjuncta Lendemer (2010)[12]
Lepraria ecorticata (J.R.Laundon) Kukwa (2006)
Lepraria elobata Tønsberg (1992)
Lepraria friabilis Lendemer, K.Knudsen & Elix (2008)
Lepraria gelida Tønsberg & Zhurb. (2006)[18]
Lepraria glaucosorediata Flakus & Kukwa (2009)
Lepraria goughensis Elix & Øvstedal (2005)
Lepraria gracilescens (Nyl.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria granulata Slav.-Bay. (2007)
Lepraria granulosa Slav.-Bay. (2007)
Lepraria harrisiana Lendemer (2012)
Lepraria hodkinsoniana Lendemer (2011)
Lepraria humida Slav.-Bay. & Orange (2006)
Lepraria impossibilis Sipman (2004)
Lepraria incana (L.) Ach. (1803)
Lepraria indica Rajesh Bajpai & Upreti (2018)[19] – India
Lepraria isidiata (Llimona) Llimona & A.Crespo (2004)
Lepraria jackii Tønsberg (1992)
Lepraria juanfernandezii M.Kukwa (2019)
Lepraria lanata Tønsberg (2007)[20]
Lepraria larrainiana Lendemer (2010)
Lepraria lecanorica Tønsberg (2004)
Lepraria lendemeri Bungartz, Elix, G.Hillmann & Kalb (2013)
Lepraria leuckertiana (Zedda) L.Saag (2009)
Lepraria lobata Elix & Kalb (2006)
Lepraria lobificans Nyl. (1873)
Lepraria maderensis Kukwa & Flakus (2011)
Lepraria malouina Øvstedal (2012)
Lepraria membranacea (Dicks.) Vain. (1921)
Lepraria methylbarbatica Elix (2008)
Lepraria multiacida Aptroot (2002)
Lepraria neojackii Flakus & Kukwa (2007)
Lepraria neozelandica Barcenas-Peña, Grewe & Lumbsch (2021)[16] – New Zealand
Lepraria nigrocincta Diederich, Sérus. & Aptroot (1997)
Lepraria nivalis J.R.Laundon (1992)
Lepraria normandinoides Lendemer & R.C.Harris (2007)
Lepraria nothofagi Elix & Kukwa (2010)
Lepraria nylanderiana Kümmerl. & Leuckert (1995)
Lepraria ohmiensis Kashiw., Keis. Kobay. & K.H.Moon (2009)
Lepraria oxybapha Lendemer (2012)
Lepraria pacifica Lendemer (2011)
Lepraria pallida Sipman (2004)
Lepraria pseudoarbuscula (Asahina) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria pulchra Orange & Wolseley (2005)
Lepraria rigidula (B.de Lesd.) Tønsberg (1992)
Lepraria salazinica Tønsberg (2007)[20]
Lepraria santosii Argüello & A.Crespo (2006)
Lepraria sekikaica Elix (2011)
Lepraria sipmaniana (Kümmerl. & Leuckert) Kukwa (2002)
Lepraria squamatica Elix (2006)
Lepraria stephaniana Elix, Flakus & Kukwa (2010)
Lepraria subalbicans (I.M.Lamb) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria sulphurella Räsänen (1949)
Lepraria svalbardensis Tønsberg (2009)
Lepraria sylvicola Orange (2006)[21]
Lepraria tenella (Tuck.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
Lepraria toilenae Kantvilas & Kukwa (2006)
Lepraria torii Pérez-Ort. & T.Sprib. (2009)[22]
Lepraria umbricola Tønsberg (1992)
Lepraria ulrikii Grewe, Barcenas-Peña, R.Diaz & Lumbsch (2021)[16] – Australasia
Lepraria vouauxii (Hue) R.C.Harris (1987)
Lepraria xanthonica Lendemer (2010)[12]
Lepraria xerophila Tønsberg (2004)
Lepraria zeorinica (L.Saag) Kukwa (2009)

References

"Synonymy: Lepraria Ach". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2014-07-10.
A taxonomic revision of the North American species of Lepraria s.l. that produce divaricatic acid, with notes on the type species of the genus L. incana, James C. Lendemer , Mycologia 103(6): 1216-1229,
Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2
Dust Lichen (Lepraria), Encyclopedia of Life
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search
Acharius, E. (1803). Methodus qua Omnes Detectos Lichenes Secundum Organa Carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates Redigere atque Observationibus Illustrare Tentavit Erik Acharius (in Latin). Stockholm: Impensis F.D.D. Ulrich. p. 3.
Laundon, Jack R. (1992). "Lepraria in the British Isles". The Lichenologist. 24 (4): 315–350. doi:10.1017/S002428299200046X.
Sharnoff S, Brodo IM, Sharnoff SD (2001). Lichens of North America. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08249-5.
Flakus, Adam; Elix, John A.; Rodriguez, Pamela; Kukwa, Martin (2007). "New species and records of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from South America". The Lichenologist. 43 (1): 57–66. doi:10.1017/S0024282910000502.
Elix, J.A. (2013). "New crustose lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 73: 45–53.
Orange, Alan; Wolseley, Patricia (2005). "Two new thamnolic acid-containing Lepraria species from Thailand". The Lichenologist. 37 (3): 247–250. doi:10.1017/S0024282905015136.
Lendemer, James C. (2010). "Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: New species, new reports, and preliminary keys". Brittonia. 62 (3): 267–292. doi:10.1007/s12228-010-9142-4. JSTOR 40980940.
Tønsberg, T. (2002). "Notes on non-corticolous Lepraria s. lat. in Norway". Graphis Scripta. 13 (2): 45–51.
Lohtander, K. (1994). "The genus Lepraria in Finland". Annales Botanici Fennici. 31 (4): 223–231.
Lendemer, J.C.; Tønsberg, T. (2014). "Lepraria brodoi (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from the temperate rainforests of western Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S.A.". Opuscula Philolichenum. 13: 20–25.
Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Diaz, Rudy; Grewe, Felix; Widhelm, Todd; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2021). "Contributions to the phylogeny of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) species from the Southern Hemisphere, including three new species". The Bryologist. 124 (4): 494–505. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-124.4.494.
Elix, J.A. (2008). "Additional new lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 63: 30–36.
Tønsberg, T.; Zhurbenko, M. (2006). "Lepraria gelida, a new species from the Arctic". Graphis Scripta. 18: 64.
Baajpai, R.; Nayaka, S.; Upreti, D.K. (2018). "The Lichen genera Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) and Leprocaulon (Leprocaulaceae) in India". Phytotaxa. 356 (2): 101–116.
Tønsberg, T. (2007). "Notes on the lLichen genus Lepraria in Great Smoky Mountains National Park; southeastern North America: Lepraria lanata and L. salazinica spp. nov". Opuscula Philolichenum. 4: 51–54.
Slavíková-Bayerová, štěpánka; Orange, Alan (2006). "Three new species of Lepraria (Ascomycota, Stereocaulaceae) containing fatty acids and atranorin". The Lichenologist. 38 (6): 503–513. doi:10.1017/S0024282906006177.
Pérez-Ortega, S.; Spribille, T. (2009). "Lepraria torii, a new epiphytic species with fumarprotocetraric acid from northwest North America". Graphis Scripta. 21 (2): 36–41.

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[urlFungorum_synonymy:_Lepraria-1] "Synonymy: Lepraria Ach". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2014-07-10.

[LTRNASL-2] A taxonomic revision of the North American species of Lepraria s.l. that produce divaricatic acid, with notes on the type species of the genus L. incana, James C. Lendemer , Mycologia 103(6): 1216-1229,

[SSFGCL-3] Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2

[ELDLL-4] Dust Lichen (Lepraria), Encyclopedia of Life

[USDA-5] USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search

[Acharius_1803-6] Acharius, E. (1803). Methodus qua Omnes Detectos Lichenes Secundum Organa Carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates Redigere atque Observationibus Illustrare Tentavit Erik Acharius (in Latin). Stockholm: Impensis F.D.D. Ulrich. p. 3.

[Laundon_1992-7] Laundon, Jack R. (1992). "Lepraria in the British Isles". The Lichenologist. 24 (4): 315–350. doi:10.1017/S002428299200046X.

[Brodo2001-8] Sharnoff S, Brodo IM, Sharnoff SD (2001). Lichens of North America. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08249-5.

[Flakus_et_al._2007-9] Flakus, Adam; Elix, John A.; Rodriguez, Pamela; Kukwa, Martin (2007). "New species and records of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from South America". The Lichenologist. 43 (1): 57–66. doi:10.1017/S0024282910000502.

[Elix_2013-10] Elix, J.A. (2013). "New crustose lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 73: 45–53.

[Orange_&_Wolseley_2005-11] Orange, Alan; Wolseley, Patricia (2005). "Two new thamnolic acid-containing Lepraria species from Thailand". The Lichenologist. 37 (3): 247–250. doi:10.1017/S0024282905015136.

[Lendemer_2010-12] Lendemer, James C. (2010). "Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: New species, new reports, and preliminary keys". Brittonia. 62 (3): 267–292. doi:10.1007/s12228-010-9142-4. JSTOR 40980940.

[Tønsberg_2002-13] Tønsberg, T. (2002). "Notes on non-corticolous Lepraria s. lat. in Norway". Graphis Scripta. 13 (2): 45–51.

[Lohtander_1994-14] Lohtander, K. (1994). "The genus Lepraria in Finland". Annales Botanici Fennici. 31 (4): 223–231.

[Lendemer_&_Tønsberg_2014-15] Lendemer, J.C.; Tønsberg, T. (2014). "Lepraria brodoi (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from the temperate rainforests of western Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S.A.". Opuscula Philolichenum. 13: 20–25.

[Barcenas-Peña_et_al._2021-16] Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Diaz, Rudy; Grewe, Felix; Widhelm, Todd; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2021). "Contributions to the phylogeny of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) species from the Southern Hemisphere, including three new species". The Bryologist. 124 (4): 494–505. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-124.4.494.

[Elix_2008-17] Elix, J.A. (2008). "Additional new lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 63: 30–36.

[Tønsberg_2006-18] Tønsberg, T.; Zhurbenko, M. (2006). "Lepraria gelida, a new species from the Arctic". Graphis Scripta. 18: 64.

[Baajpai_et_al._2018-19] Baajpai, R.; Nayaka, S.; Upreti, D.K. (2018). "The Lichen genera Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) and Leprocaulon (Leprocaulaceae) in India". Phytotaxa. 356 (2): 101–116.

[Tønsberg_2007-20] Tønsberg, T. (2007). "Notes on the lLichen genus Lepraria in Great Smoky Mountains National Park; southeastern North America: Lepraria lanata and L. salazinica spp. nov". Opuscula Philolichenum. 4: 51–54.

[Slavíková-Bayerová_&_Orange_2006-21] Slavíková-Bayerová, štěpánka; Orange, Alan (2006). "Three new species of Lepraria (Ascomycota, Stereocaulaceae) containing fatty acids and atranorin". The Lichenologist. 38 (6): 503–513. doi:10.1017/S0024282906006177.

[Pérez-Ortega_&_Spribille_2009-22] Pérez-Ortega, S.; Spribille, T. (2009). "Lepraria torii, a new epiphytic species with fumarprotocetraric acid from northwest North America". Graphis Scripta. 21 (2): 36–41.