Horní Moštěnice
Horní Moštěnice (German: Ober Moschtienitz) is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,700 inhabitants.
Horní Moštěnice | |
|---|---|
 Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Horní Moštěnice Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 49°24′44″N 17°27′32″E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Olomouc |
| District | Přerov |
| First mentioned | 1141 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 9.82 km2 (3.79 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 216 m (709 ft) |
| Population (2021-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 1,696 |
| • Density | 170/km2 (450/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 751 17 |
| Website | www |
Etymology
The name of Horní Moštěnice is from the time of Great Moravia, when there was an important route connecting Velehrad with Přerov and Olomouc, leading through hags and marshes, so the path had to be hardened by bundles of wicker called moština, giving later the name to the village.[2]
The river Moštěnka used to be called Stvola after a willow-trees species (stvola in Old Slavic).[2]
Geography
Horní Moštěnice lies 4 km (2 mi) south of Přerov, on the road between Přerov and Otrokovice. it lies on the river Moštěnka. The western part of the municipality is located in the Upper Morava Valley, the eastern part in Moravian-Silesian Foothills. The highest point is the hill Švédské šance with an altitude of 298 metres (978 ft).
History
The first written mention of Horní Moštěnice is from 1141. In 1551 Horní Moštěnice became a market town.[2]
In 1643, during the Thirty Years' War, a fortification called Švédské šance (English: Swedish Rampart) was made by the Swedish troops. They assaulted other villages from this place. The fortification was used in the World War II as well.[2][3]
On 18–19 June 1945, Slovak Germans from Dobšiná were passing through Přerov while being transported back to Slovakia. Here they were taken out of the train by Slovakian soldiers, taken outside the city to the hill Švédské šance, where they were forced to dig their own graves and all were shot (71 men, 120 women and 74 children).[4]
Sights
The remains of the fortifications are still on the hill and are protected as a monument.[5]
The late Baroque Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary dates from 1792.[6]
The Horní Moštěnice Castle was built in the 18th century on the site of an old fortress. After insensitive reconstructions in the 20th century, only the façade was partially preserved. Today it houses the municipal office. Adjacent to the castle is a park with a several hundred years old ginkgo biloba tree.[2][6]
In Horní Moštěnice there are three mineral springs. The best-known of them is bottled under the brand Hanácká kyselka.[2]
Paleontology
Sometimes prior to 1945 a fossil tooth of a megalosauroid theropod dinosaur was found on Švédské šance. It comes from the Late Jurassic sediments and it belonged to a middle sized theropod dinosaur about 5 meters long.[7][8]
References
- "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2021". Czech Statistical Office. 30 April 2021.
- "Historie" (in Czech). Obec Horní Moštěnice. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- "Švédské šance, novověké polní opevnění" (in Czech). Archeologický atlas ČR. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- "Té hrozné červnové noci na Švédských šancích. Pozapomenutá tragédie ve hře Masakr" (in Czech). Czech Radio. 7 June 2020. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- "Polní opevnění Švédské šance" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- "Kulturní památky" (in Czech). DSO mikroregionu Moštěnka. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- "Druhohorní plazi v Čechách VII". 16 August 2015.
- Madzia, Daniel (2014). "The first non-avian theropod from the Czech Republic". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 59 (4): 855–862.
