Engishiki Jinmyocho

Shinto shrines listed in the Enki Shiki Shinmeicho, as well as their related shrines in modern times, are referred to as Enki Shiki-naisha or simply Shiki-naisha or Shiki-sha in the sense of shrines listed in the Enki Shiki. Originally, the term Shinmeicho referred to the list of official shrines created by the Department of Divinities in the ancient Ritsuryo system, and is also referred to as Kanjaicho. It lists shrines by country and County, and specifies only the type of shrine (official or national), the type of shrine (large or small), the number of shrines, and the type of ritual for which the shrine receives money. The Enki Shiki Shinmeicho is a list of Shinmeicho at the time the Enki Shiki was established. The number of shrines (shikinaishasha) listed in the Enki Shiki Shinmeicho is 2,861 nationwide, and the number of Kami that reside there is 3,132.

Shikinaisha are shrines that were recognized as official shrines by the Imperial Court in the early 10th century, when the Enki Shiki was established, and the background to their selection seems to have a strong political flavor. Shrines that already existed at that time but were not listed in the Enki Shiki Shinmeicho are called Shikigaisha. Shikigaisha include shrines outside the sphere of influence of the imperial court, shrines with their own power (such as Kumano Nachi Taisha), shrines that became Buddhist temples due to Shinbutsu-nagari, shrines managed by monks (such as Iwashimizu Hachimangū), and shrines that did not have a formal shrine building. Shrines that are out-of-shiki shrines but are mentioned in the Rikkokushi are especially called Kokushi genzaisha (also Kokushi mizaisha) (in a broader sense, including Shikinaisha).

There are various types of Shikinaisha. First of all, there are two types of Shikinaishasha: Kankei-sha and Kokei-sha. Official shrines were those that received shibaku from the Department of Divinities during the annual prayer festival in February, when the hōribe of each shrine gathered with the Shingi-kan to receive shibaku. In the 17th year of the Enryaku Era (798), the shrines were divided into two groups: kanshi-sha, which continued to receive offerings from the Shinto priests, and kokusei-sha, which received offerings from the Kokushi. In the shikunaisha, there are 573 kanshei-sha and 737 kanshei-sha, and 2288 kokusei-sha and 2395 kokusei-sha. The reason for the establishment of Kokusei-sha is thought to be that it was difficult for the shukube-bu to travel to Tokyo to attend shrines in distant areas, but even in distant areas, important shrines were designated as Kokusei-sha.

Next is the distinction between large and small shrines. It is thought that this distinction was based on the importance of the shrine and the strength of the shrine. Since the governmental and national shrines, as well as the large and small shrines, were established for all shikunai shrines, the shikunai shrines can be classified into the following four categories.

• Officially-funded Grand Shrines - 198 shrines, 304 seats
• Kokushin-taisha - 155 shrines with 188 seats
• Kankei Kosha - 375 shrines 433 seats
• Kokushin Kosha - 2133 shrines 2207 seats

The shrines are concentrated in Kinai, but the shrines are all in Kinai, and the shrines and shrines are all in Kinai. The Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines has a shrine with the same name, but it has a different meaning from the shrine of Shikinai. In addition, the shrine shrine of the modern shrine system has nothing to do with the shrine shrine in the Engi ceremony, and was decided according to the importance at the time of enactment and the shrine.

Among the Shikinaishas, there were shrines that received shibaku for festivals other than the Prayer Year Festival, and these were noted along with the shrine rank.

• Meishin - Shinto shrines where Meishin festivals are held, especially temporary festivals to enshrine famous gods with miraculous powers. These are also called Meishin Taisha or Meishin Dai for short.
• Gekitsugi - Shrines that receive offerings at the Gekitsugi Festival (held twice a year, in June and December).
• Sotamesai - The shrine where the Sotamesai (offering of new grain prior to the Niinamesai) is held.
• Niiname - A shrine that receives offerings at the Niiname-no-Matsuri (a festival held every November to celebrate the year's harvest).

Research to determine which shrines are the descendants of shikunai shrines has been conducted since ancient times. In modern times, shrines that are identical to or presumed to be descendants of shrines listed in the Enki Shiki are called ronsha or hiteisha.

Even shrines that are considered almost certain to be descendants of Shikinaishasha are treated as disputed shrines with very high probability of being descendants based on tradition, with little evidence of certainty. Since the compilation of the Enki Shiki, there have been changes in the company names, deities, and locations of shrines, or they have been enshrined in other shrines, or they have been reconstructed after having fallen into disrepair, so there may be more than one shrine that is considered to be a descendant of Shikinaisha.

Some of these shrines are considered to be descendant shrines by other studies, but they often claim to be Shikinaisha themselves.

• 式内社調査報告,式内社研究会編,皇學館大学出版部 1977-86
• 式内社の研究,志賀剛,雄山閣 1977-87
• 西牟田崇生. 延喜式神名帳の研究 (初版 ed.). 国書刊行会. ISBN 9784336038081.

• Beppo Shrine
• Chokusaisha
• Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines
• Twenty-Two Shrines

• Japanese website: national diet library