Demographics of Prince Edward Island

Demographics of the province of Prince Edward Island, Canada. According to the 2011 National Household Survey, the largest ethnic group consists of people of Scottish descent (39.2%), followed by English (31.1%), Irish (30.4%), French (21.1%), German (5.2%), and Dutch (3.1%) descent. Prince Edward Island is mostly a white community and there are few visible minorities. Chinese people are the largest visible minority group of Prince Edward Island, comprising 1.3% of the province's population. Almost half of respondents identified their ethnicity as "Canadian." Prince Edward Island is by a strong margin the most Celtic and specifically the most Scottish province in Canada and perhaps the most Scottish place (ethnically) in the world, outside Scotland. 38% of islanders claim Scottish ancestry, but this is an underestimate and it is thought that almost 50% of islanders have Scottish roots. When combined with Irish and Welsh, almost 80% of islanders are of some Celtic stock, albeit most families have resided in PEI for at least two centuries. Few places outside Europe can claim such a homogeneous Celtic ethnic background. The only other jurisdiction in North America with such a high percentage of British Isles heritage is Newfoundland.

Demographics of Canada's provinces and territories
Canada Prince Edward Island Density 2016

Population history
Population of Prince Edward Island since 1851
Year Population Mean annual
 % change		 Five Year
 % change		 Ten Year
 % change		 Rank Among
Provinces
185062,678n/an/an/a5
186180,8572.6n/a29.05
187194,0211.5n/a16.35
1881108,8911.5n/a15.85
1891109,0780.017n/a0.26
1901103,259−0.55n/a-5.37
191193,728−0.96n/a-9.29
192188,615−0.56n/a-5.49
193188,038−0.065n/a-0.79
194195,0470.77n/a8.09
195198,4290.35n/a3.610
195699,2850.170.9n/a10
1961104,6291.15.46.310
1966108,5350.743.79.310
1971111,6350.562.96.710
1976118,2251.25.98.910
1981122,5060.73.69.710
1986126,6400.673.47.110
1991129,7650.492.55.910
1996134,5570.733.76.310
2001135,2940.110.54.210
2006138,5810.472.42.910
2011140,2040.251.23.610
2016142,907n/a1.93.110
Source: Statistics Canada[1][2]

Population geography

Census Metropolitan Areas
City 2016 2011 2006 Land Area km2 Density /km2
Charlottetown69,32565,52359,325917.4775.6
Summerside16,58716,48816,15392.43179.5

Cities and towns

All statistics according to Canada 2016 Census, unless otherwise specified

TownPopulationPopulation (2011)Population RankingLand Area km2Area RankingDensity /km2Density Ranking
Alberton1,1451,13574.526253.58
Borden-Carleton724750912.99555.710
Charlottetown36,09434,562144.341814.11
Cornwall5,3485,162428.193189.79
Georgetown555675101.5910348.16
Kensington1,6191,51363.019537.83
Montague1,9611,89553.168620.82
Souris1,0531,17383.477303.77
Stratford9,7068,574322.534430.85
Summerside14,82914,751228.492520.54

Ethnic origins
Nationalities in Canada
Dominant self-identified ethnic origin of the population of Prince Edward Island
Ethnic Origin Population Percent
Canadian 60,000 44.98%
Scottish 50,700 38.01%
English 38,330 28.74%
Irish 37,170 27.87%
French 28,410 21.30%
German 5,400 4.05%
Dutch (Netherlands) 4,130 3.10%
Acadian 3,020 2.26%
North American Indian 2,360 1.77%
Welsh 1,440 1.08%
American (USA) 640
Polish 615
Italian 605
Lebanese 525
Danish 420
Norwegian 325
Ukrainian 320
Swedish 315
Belgian 240
Métis 245
Chinese 225
Hungarian (Magyar) 225
British, not included elsewhere 210
Spanish 175
Jewish 165
Russian 160
Swiss 145
Finnish 135
Inuit 120
Information taken from the Canada 2001 Census..[3]
* These percentages sum to more than 100% due to dual responses (e.g. "French-Canadian" generating an entry in both "French" and "Canadian" categories.) Groups with greater than 1,000 responses are included.

Visible minorities and Aboriginals
Visible minority and Aboriginal population (Canada 2016 Census)
Population groupPopulation % of total population
European130,31093.3%
Visible minority group
Source:[4]		Chinese2,5701.8%
South Asian9200.7%
Black8250.6%
Filipino6700.5%
Latin American2550.2%
Southeast Asian1450.1%
Arab5850.4%
West Asian2150.2%
Korean2100.2%
Japanese1100.1%
Visible minority, n.i.e.550%
Multiple visible minority850.1%
Total visible minority population6,6404.8%
Aboriginal group
Source:[5]		First Nations1,8701.3%
Métis7100.5%
Inuit750.1%
Multiple Aboriginal identity200%
Aboriginal, n.i.e.600%
Total Aboriginal population2,7352%
Total population139,685100%

Languages

Knowledge of languages
Knowledge of official languages of Canada in Prince Edward Island
Language Percent
English only
 
 86.38%
French only
 
 0.08%
English and French
 
 12.65%
Neither English nor French
 
 0.89%

The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2016 Canadian Census,[6] and lists languages that were selected by at least one per cent of respondents.

Language Responses %
English138,73599.32
French17,87512.80
Mandarin2,1051.51

Mother tongue
Mother tongue in Prince Edward Island (red: English, blue: French). The only part of the province to have a Francophone majority is the so-called Evangeline Region.

The 2006 Canadian census showed a population of 135,851. Of the 133,570 singular responses to the question concerning mother tongue the most commonly reported languages were:

Place Language Population Percentage
1 English 125,260 93.78%
2 French 5,345 4.00%
3 Dutch 865 0.65%
4 German 275 0.21%
5 Spanish 220 0.16%
6 Chinese languages 190 0.14%
Mandarin 45 0.03%
Cantonese 15 0.01%
7 Arabic 150 0.11%
8 Hungarian 120 0.09%
9 Algonquian languages 95 0.07%
Mi'kmaq 90 0.07%
10 Serbo-Croatian languages 85 0.07%
Serbian 35 0.03%
Croatian 20 0.01%
Bosnian 15 0.01%
Serbo-Croatian 15 0.01%
11 Japanese 80 0.06%
12 Bantu languages 70 0.05%
12 Polish 70 0.05%
14 Korean 65 0.05%
14 Scandinavian languages 65 0.05%
Danish 40 0.03%
Swedish 15 0.01%
Icelandic 10 0.01%
16 Frisian 55 0.04%
16 Italian 55 0.04%
18 Flemish 40 0.03%
18 Hindi 40 0.03%
20 Creole 35 0.03%
20 Urdu 35 0.03%

There were also 30 single-language responses for Greek and Niger-Congo languages n.i.e.; 25 for Russian; 20 for Ukrainian; 15 for Finnish, Germanic languages n.i.e., Inuktitut, Maltese, Persian and Tagalog; and 10 for Czech, Estonian, Portuguese, Slovenian, Turkish and Vietnamese. In addition, there were also 105 responses of English and a non-official language; 25 of French and a non-official language; 495 of English and French; and 10 of English, French, and a non-official language. (Figures shown are for the number of single language responses and the percentage of total single-language responses.)[7]

Religion
ReligionPopulationPercent
Total population133,385100.0%
Roman Catholic63,24047.4%
United Church26,57019.9%
No religion8,7056.5%
Presbyterian7,8855.9%
Anglican6,5254.9%
Baptist5,9504.5%
Protestant not included elsewhere5,1053.8%
Christian not included elsewhere3,2102.4%
Pentecostal9750.7%
Jehovah's Witnesses4750.4%
Salvation Army3400.3%
Mormon2150.2%
Christian Reformed Church2050.2%
Muslim1950.1%
Brethren in Christ1650.1%
Non-denominational1650.1%
Lutheran1600.1%
Buddhist1400.1%
Greek Orthodox1100.1%
Orthodox not included elsewhere700.1%
Jewish550.0%
Aboriginal spirituality500.0%
Pagan450.0%
Seventh-day Adventist350.0%
Hindu350.0%
Ukrainian Catholic150.0%
Evangelical Missionary Church100.0%
Mennonite100.0%
Methodist100.0%
Information taken from the 2001 Canadian Census.[3]

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charlottetown comprises the entire Island and is the second oldest English diocese in Canada. The Archdiocese of Kingston is the oldest.

Migration

Immigration

The 2016 Canadian census counted a total of 8,940 immigrants living in Prince Edward Island.

Immigrants in Prince Edward Island by country of birth (2016 Census)[8]
Rank Country Population % of total immigrants
1 China 1,835 20.5%
2 United Kingdom 1,370 15.3%
3 United States 1,205 13.5%
4 Philippines 480 5.4%
5 Netherlands 470 5.3%
6 Germany 255 2.9%
7 Iran 230 2.6%
8 India 225 2.5%
9 Syria 205 2.3%
10 Nepal 115 1.3%
11 Bhutan 110 1.2%
12 Hong Kong 100 1.1%
13 South Korea 100 1.1%
14 Lebanon 95 1.1%
15 Belgium 85 1%

Recent immigration

The 2016 Canadian census counted a total of 3,360 people who immigrated to Prince Edward Island between 2011 and 2016.

Recent immigrants to Prince Edward Island by place of birth (2011 to 2016)[9]
Rank Country Population # % of recent immigrants
1 China 1,395 41.5%
2 Philippines 380 11.3%
3 Syria 190 5.7%
4 India 125 3.7%
5 United States 120 3.6%
6 United Kingdom 110 3.3%
7 Iran 100 3%
8 Nepal 80 2.4%
9 Bhutan 70 2.1%
10 Hong Kong 45 1.3%
11 Vietnam 40 1.2%
12 Egypt 35 1%
13 Germany 35 1%
14 Hungary 35 1%
15 Russia 35 1%

Interprovincial migration
Net cumulative interprovincial migration per Province from 1997 to 2017, as a share of population of each Provinces
Main article: Interprovincial migration in Canada

Since 1971, Prince Edward Island mostly had years of positive interprovincial migration. However, in the 2010s, it turned to the negative. This interprovincial migration exceeded all immigration to the province in 2015.[10]

Interprovincial migration in Prince Edward Island
In-migrants Out-migrants Net migration
2008–09 2,522 3,058 −536
2009–10 2,709 2,649 60
2010–11 2,494 2,704 −210
2011–12 2,620 3,238 −618
2012–13 2,294 3,195 −901
2013–14 2,198 3,139 −941
2014–15 2,367 3,049 −682
2015–16 2,874 2,844 30
2016–17 3,124 2,680 444
2017–18 3,193 3,016 177
2018–19 3,922 3,793 129

Source: Statistics Canada

See also

References
  1. Statistics Canada Archived 2007-02-21 at the Wayback Machine - PEI Population trend
  2. Population urban and rural, by province and territory (Nova Scotia) Archived 2006-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. Statistics Canada, 2005.
  3. "PEI 2001 Canadian Census". Archived from the original on 2007-03-23. Retrieved 2007-01-29.
  4. "2006 Canada Census: Community Profiles". Statistics Canada. March 13, 2007. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  5. "2006 Census: Aboriginal Population Profile". Statistics Canada. January 15, 2008. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  6. "Census Profile, 2016 Census - Prince Edward Island [Province] and Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] - Language". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. 9 August 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  7. "2006 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations". statcan.ca. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  8. "Immigrant population by place of birth, period of immigration, 2016 counts, both sexes, age (total), Prince Edward Island, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data".
  9. "Immigrant population by place of birth, period of immigration, 2016 counts, both sexes, age (total), Prince Edward Island, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data".
  10. Yarr, Kevin (August 16, 2016). "Immigration not keeping pace with people leaving P.E.I." CBC. Retrieved 2018-12-28.
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