Battle of Chappar Chiri

The Sikhs were planning to crusade against the city of Sirhind, its governor Wazir Khan and dewan Sucha Nand, to avenge Mughal oppression and the execution of the two young children of Guru Gobind Singh.[8][9] Some prominent towns on the way to Sirhind were captured and plundered including Sonepat, Kaithal, Samana, Shahabad, Mustafabad and Sadhaura by Banda's troops as they could provide military assistance to the Mughal government of Sirhind.[10][11] The number of plunderers also amassed, who were looking forward to prey upon the riches within the walls of Sirhind and followed Banda Singh and his troops on the march to Sirhind.[12] Both the troops of Banda Singh and Wazir Khan faced each other at a village called Chappar Chiri.[13]

Before the battle began, Wazir Khan and Sucha Nand sent Sucha Nand's nephew with 1000 men to Banda Singh in a plot to deceive the Sikhs, by falsely claiming to have deserted the Mughals and have come joined the Sikhs for their cause.[13][12] Wazir Khan had a large well armed army, which included the Ghazis, along with a number of artillery, muskets and elephants.[13] On the other hand, Banda Singh's army was ill-equipped with long spears, arrows, swords, without artillery and elephants and insufficient amount of horses.[14][13] According to Ganda Singh, Banda's army consisted of three classes of men where the first class were the devoted Sikhs, the second being the paid recruited soldiers sent by the chieftains of the Phul family, who sympathized with Banda Singh's cause, and the third were the irregulars who were professional robbers and dacoits, eager to seize opportunity to plunder the city, who were also the most unreliable allies as they would desert when fearing a sign of defeat.[13][15] Hari Ram Gupta writes that Banda's army consisted of three groups, the first being Sikhs fighting purely to punish Wazir Khan, the second being Sikhs intent on plundering and punishing enemies of their faith, and the third being Hindu Jats, Gujars and Rajputs intent on plunder alone.[16]

Upon the firing of artillery by Mughal army, the third class of Banda's army, consisting of robbers and irregulars fled, and soon after Sucha Nand's nephew along with his 1000 men, took to flight as well.[13] To encourage his army, Banda Singh himself rushed into the battle, severely attacking the imperial army, leading to many Mughal soldiers getting killed, including Sher Muhammad Khan and Khwaja Ali of Malerkotla.[13][17] Wazir Khan was also killed which led to the defeat and retreat of his army to Sirhind, where many got killed during pursuit.[13][17][7]

After the defeat of Mughal army at battle of Chappar Chiri, the siege of Sirhind took place where the Sikhs besieged, stormed, plundered and razed the city of Sirhind.[2][18][19]

• A Punjabi animated film Chaar Sahibzaade: Rise of Banda Singh Bahadur which was released on 11 November 2016 depicts the battle of Chappar Chiri.[20][21][22]
• Fateh burj is the highest victory tower constructed in remembrance of this battle.[23][24]

• Fateh Burj, monument built in commemoration of this battle
• Battle of Sonipat