Abu Dujana

Abu Dujana Simak bin Kharasha (Arabic: أبو دُجانة سماك بن خرشة) was a companion of Muhammad and a skilled swordsman who is mentioned in Hadith narrations from the six major Hadith collections of Sunni Islam.

For other people with similar names, see Abu Dujana (disambiguation).

Biography

Abu Dujana were born Simak ibn Kharasah, a relation of banu Sa'idah from Ansars.[1]

Abu Dujana participated in the Expedition of Hamza ibn 'Abdul-Muttalib, where they facing the forces of Amr ibn Hishām.[2] However, this engagement did not materialize as a third party named Majdi ibn Amr urged both sides to not clash.[2]

During the Battle of Uhud, Abu Dujana were wearing his 'Death scarf', a red scarf that signifying a willingness to fight until death.[1] Prophet Muhammad, who commanded this battle, personally giving Abu Dujana a sword which Muhammad himself gave instruction for him to use the sword in fight until with content, until the sword break or bent.[1] As the battle started, Abu Dujana pierced into the enemy's lines.[3] In this, Abu Dujana killed a polytheist soldier from Banu Asad namely Abdullah ibn Humayd al-Harith.[2] Abu Dujana continued his rampage confronted Hind bint Utbah, thus restraining his sword and remarked he did not want to taint the sword given by Muhammad with woman's blood.[1][4] Zubayr testified this act of Abu Dujana on the record of Ibn Ishaq.[5]: 373  as Zubayr said he see fleeing Meccan women that he could see Hind bint Utbah's anklets as they mow down the Quraysh forces.[5]: 379  During the earlier phase of the battle, the bravery of Abu Dujana and Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib pumped the Muslim forces zeal in this battle as they continued to mowing down the Quraysh force.[1]

However, the Quraysh gain momentum as suddenly there are cavalry forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid charging from behind of the Muslim forces.[1] This act of Khalid has turned the tide of the battle as now the Muslim forces ranks were separated each others.[6] During this moment, Muhammad, their commander, were separated from the army, Zubayr joined Abu Bakar, Talhah, and Harith ibn Samma to form the outer ring of protection circle to protect Muhammad, while the inner ring were filled by Umar, Ali, Anas ibn Nadhar, and Abu Dujana Simak.[6] Abu Dujana received several wounds in his back after placing himself around Muhammad so as to act as a protection from arrows during this moment.[4] This followed with some muslims soldiers such as Ka'b ibn malik, who were anxious as the rumor that Muhammad has fallen on the battlefield, bent himself over Abu Dujana, to find Muhammad were still alive, as followed the rejoicing Muslim forces around prophet to retreat and regroup with the others.[4] The clash finally ended as Muhammad and the Muslim army managed to retread to Uhud mountain, while Muhammad gave the last kill by hurling a javelin towards Qurayshite horsemen named Ubay ibn khalaf.[4]

During the siege of Khaybar fortresses,

Death

Abu Dujana were suffered grave injury during the Battle of Yamama in 632. He was one of the two warriors who killed the self-proclaimed Prophet Musailima.[7]

Appraisal

During the battle of Uhud, Abu Dujana frequently distinguished himself in battle by wearing a red band on his head, and engaged in bravado before fighting by strutting in front of his adversaries.[8] In the Battle of Uhud, Muhammad gave Abu Dujana his sword and fought bravely.[9]

Legacy

Abu Dujana narrated and depicted in many Hadiths.

Abu Dujana were mentioned in other hadiths including in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim he is found being served a drink by Anas alongside Abu Suhail bin Al-Baida' made from unripe and ripe dates. When the prohibition came on alcoholic drinks, Anas promptly rid them of this drink (he threw it away).[10]


See also

References
  1. Haylamaz, Resit; A. Aslandogan, Y. (2019). The Messenger Prophet Muhammad and His Life of Compassion (Ebook). Tughra Books. ISBN 9781597849746. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  2. Faizer, Rizwi (2013). The Life of Muhammad Al-Waqidi's Kitab Al-Maghazi (Ebook). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136921131. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  3. History of Islam (Vol 1) By Akbar Shah Najibabadi, pg. 173
  4. Hussain Haikal, Muhammad; R. Al-Faruqi ·, Ismaʼil (1969). The life of Muhammad (Paperback). American Trust Publication. pp. 251–256. ISBN 9780892591374. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  5. Muhammad ibn Ishaq. Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). The Life of Muhammad. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  6. Akhtar, Muhsin (2008). Oracle of the Last and Final Message History and the Philosophical Deductions of the Life of Prophet Muhammad (Ebook). p. 208. ISBN 9781462819300. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  7. A.I. Akram, The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns, Nat. Publishing. House, Rawalpindi (1970) ISBN 0-7101-0104-X.
  8. Life of the Prophet Muhammad : Al-Sira Al-Nabawiyya By Omar Ibn Kathir, Ibn Kathir, Al-Sira Al-Nabawiyya, pg.20
  9. Imam Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj al-Naysaburi. Sahih Muslim : The Virtues Of Abu Dujanah Simak Bin Kharashah. Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-25. Anas reported that prophet Muhammad took hold of his sword on the Day of Uhud and said: Who would take it from me? All the persons stretched their hands saying: I would do it, I would do it. He (Muhammad) said: Who would take it in order to fulfil its rights? Then the people withdrew their hands. Abu Dujana said: I am here to take it and fulfil its rights. He took it and struck the heads of the polytheists.
  10. Muhammad al-Bukhari, Imam. Sahih Al Bukhari : Unripe-date drink and ripe-date drink should not be mixed if it is an intoxicant, and two cooked foods should not be put in one dish. Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-26. قَالَ إِنِّي لأَسْقِي أَبَا طَلْحَةَ وَأَبَا دُجَانَةَ وَسُهَيْلَ ابْنَ الْبَيْضَاءِ خَلِيطَ بُسْرٍ وَتَمْرٍ إِذْ حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ، فَقَذَفْتُهَا وَأَنَا سَاقِيهِمْ وَأَصْغَرُهُمْ، وَإِنَّا نَعُدُّهَا يَوْمَئِذٍ الْخَمْرَ. وَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ سَمِعَ أَنَسًا.
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