Union affiliation by U.S. state
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Percent of workforce belonging to a union in 2017
20+%
15–19.9%
10–14.9%
5–9.9%
0–4.9%
| Rank | State | Percent union members | Union members | Percent represented by unions | Represented by unions | Total employed | Right to Work |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Hawaii | 22.4 | 121,000 | 24.1 | 131,000 | 541,000 | No |
| 2 |  New York | 22.2 | 1,729,000 | 24.1 | 1,869,000 | 7,770,000 | No |
| 3 |  Washington | 19.0 | 629,000 | 20.0 | 661,000 | 3,308,000 | No |
| 4 |  Oregon | 17.8 | 318,000 | 18.8 | 336,000 | 1,784,000 | No |
| 5 |  New Jersey | 16.2 | 608,000 | 17.9 | 672,000 | 3,762,000 | No |
| 6 |  Minnesota | 16.0 | 416,000 | 17.1 | 446,000 | 2,608,000 | No |
| 7 |  California | 15.9 | 2,468,000 | 17.8 | 2,757,000 | 15,497,000 | No |
| 8 |  Alaska | 15.8 | 46,000 | 17.2 | 50,000 | 293,000 | No |
| 9 |  Rhode Island | 15.7 | 75,000 | 17.4 | 83,000 | 474,000 | No |
| 10 |  Connecticut | 14.6 | 223,000 | 16.3 | 248,000 | 1,524,000 | No |
| 11 |  Illinois | 13.9 | 752,000 | 15.2 | 818,000 | 5,397,000 | No |
| 12 |  Michigan | 13.3 | 540,000 | 15.3 | 620,000 | 4,047,000 | Yes |
| 13 |  Pennsylvania | 12.9 | 693,000 | 13.6 | 732,000 | 5,380,000 | No |
| 14 |  Massachusetts | 12.6 | 402,000 | 13.6 | 433,000 | 3,181,000 | No |
| 15 |  Maine | 12.4 | 70,000 | 14.7 | 83,000 | 563,000 | No |
| 16 |  Vermont | 12.3 | 32,000 | 14.2 | 37,000 | 262,000 | No |
| 17 |  Nevada | 12.2 | 153,000 | 14.1 | 176,000 | 1,249,000 | Yes |
| 18 |  Ohio | 12.0 | 596,000 | 13.0 | 647,000 | 4,966,000 | No |
| 19 |  Montana | 11.2 | 49,000 | 12.9 | 56,000 | 438,000 | No |
| 20 |  Maryland | 11.0 | 295,000 | 12.3 | 332,000 | 2,689,000 | No |
| — |  United States | 10.3 | 14,014,000 | 11.6 | 15,802,000 | 136,395,000 | N/A |
| 21 |  New Hampshire | 10.1 | 65,000 | 11.3 | 73,000 | 643,000 | No |
| 22 |  West Virginia | 9.7 | 42,000 | 10.2 | 44,000 | 435,000 | Yes |
| 23 |  Delaware | 9.6 | 66,000 | 10.5 | 73,000 | 693,000 | No |
| 24 |  Kansas | 9.2 | 120,000 | 11.4 | 148,000 | 1,300,000 | Yes |
| 25 |  Missouri | 9.0 | 235,000 | 10.2 | 266,000 | 2,615,000 | No |
| 26 |  Indiana | 9.0 | 256,000 | 10.2 | 290,000 | 2,844,000 | Yes |
| 27 |  District of Columbia | 8.9 | 31,000 | 9.9 | 35,000 | 350,000 | No |
| 28 |  Wisconsin | 7.9 | 215,000 | 9.3 | 251,000 | 2,705,000 | Yes |
| 29 |  New Mexico | 7.5 | 58,000 | 9.1 | 70,000 | 770,000 | No |
| 30 |  Kentucky | 7.2 | 126,000 | 9.8 | 170,000 | 1,740,000 | Yes |
| 31 |  Nebraska | 6.8 | 61,000 | 8.0 | 72,000 | 896,000 | Yes |
| 32 |  Colorado | 6.5 | 165,000 | 7.5 | 192,000 | 2,538,000 | No |
| 33 |  Iowa | 6.5 | 93,000 | 8.3 | 118,000 | 1,428,000 | Yes |
| 34 |  Alabama | 5.9 | 115,000 | 6.9 | 133,000 | 1,938,000 | Yes |
| 35 |  Wyoming | 5.7 | 13,000 | 6.9 | 16,000 | 234,000 | Yes |
| 36 |  Oklahoma | 5.6 | 87,000 | 6.8 | 105,000 | 1,546,000 | Yes |
| 37 |  Mississippi | 5.5 | 59,000 | 6.9 | 74,000 | 1,080,000 | Yes |
| 38 |  North Dakota | 5.4 | 19,000 | 6.9 | 24,000 | 349,000 | Yes |
| 39 |  Arizona | 5.4 | 167,000 | 6.7 | 208,000 | 3,116,000 | Yes |
| 40 |  Florida | 5.2 | 448,000 | 6.1 | 529,000 | 8,667,000 | Yes |
| 41 |  Tennessee | 5.2 | 145,000 | 5.9 | 166,000 | 2,820,000 | Yes |
| 42 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Georgia | 4.8 | 211,000 | 5.8 | 256,000 | 4,404,000 | Yes |
| 43 |  Virginia | 4.8 | 176,000 | 6.5 | 240,000 | 3,685,000 | Yes |
| 44 |  Louisiana | 4.7 | 81,000 | 5.7 | 98,000 | 1,722,000 | Yes |
| 45 |  Idaho | 4.7 | 36,000 | 5.5 | 42,000 | 767,000 | Yes |
| 46 |  South Dakota | 4.0 | 16,000 | 5.0 | 20,000 | 393,000 | Yes |
| 47 |  Arkansas | 3.9 | 46,000 | 4.4 | 51,000 | 1,167,000 | Yes |
| 48 |  Texas | 3.8 | 454,000 | 4.7 | 571,000 | 12,057,000 | Yes |
| 49 |  Utah | 3.5 | 51,000 | 6.5 | 96,000 | 1,465,000 | Yes |
| 50 |  North Carolina | 2.6 | 108,000 | 3.4 | 142,000 | 4,225,000 | Yes |
| 51 |  South Carolina | 1.7 | 34,000 | 2.0 | 42,000 | 2,070,000 | Yes |
See also
References
- Bureau of Labor Statistics (January 20, 2022). "Union members in 2021". Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor.
External links
- Hirsch, Barry T.; Macpherson, David (2016). "Union Membership and Coverage Database". Unionstats.com.
- Hirsch, Barry T.; Macpherson, David A.; Vroman, Wayne G. (2016). "Union Density Estimates by State, 1964–2015". Atlanta: Georgia State University.
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