Trichoglossum hirsutum

Trichoglossum hirsutum is a species of fungi in the family Geoglossaceae. They are commonly called black earth tongues.

Trichoglossum hirsutum
Trichoglossum hirsutum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Subdivision:
Pezizomycotina
Class:
Geoglossomycetes
Order:
Geoglossales
Family:
Geoglossaceae
Genus:
Trichoglossum
Species:
T. hirsutum
Binomial name
Trichoglossum hirsutum
(Pers.) Boud. 1907

Description

Trichoglossum hirsutum makes a black club shaped fungus 3–8 cm high. The cap is usually 1–2 cm tall.[1] The spores are produced on the enlarged upper part, which is 5–8 mm wide, up to 2 cm high, flattened, spearhead-shaped to ellipsoid and finely velvety. The flesh is thin, tough and brownish. The stem is up to 6 cm long and 1–4 mm thick, cylindrical and velvety.[1] Spores are 80–195 x 5–7 micrometers, cylindric-clavate, broadest in the middle and tapering to the blunt ends, with 15 septa. The asci each have 8 spores. The paraphyses are brown, cylindrical and coiled at the tips.[2]

The species is inedible.[1]

Systematics

Trichoglossum hirsutum was first described as Geoglossum hirsutum in 1797 by Persoon. In 1907, Jean Louis Émile Boudier published it as Trichoglossum hirsutum.[3]

The epithet hirsutum (Latin: 'hairy tongue') refers to the fine hairs that cover the fruit body.[4]

Location

Trichoglossum hirsutum is found in woodlands in North America, Europe, Macaronesia[5] and Africa.[6] It is listed as an endangered species in Lithuania.[7]

Similar species

Trichoglossum walteri is similar but has spores 50–115 micrometers, with 7 divisions.[8] Geoglossum fallax and Microglossum viride are also similar.[1]

  • Trichoglossum hirsutum stipe
  • Trichoglossum hirsutum
  • Trichoglossum hirsutum spores 400x phase contrast
  • Trichoglossum hirsutum spores 400x brightfield

References
  1. Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 389–390. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861.
  2. "Trial field key to CLUB-SHAPED FUNGI in the Pacific Northwest".
  3. "Index Fungorum - Trichoglossum Genus".
  4. Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 242–243. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
  5. Richard P. Korf (1981). "A preliminary discomycete flora of Macronesia". Mycotaxon (13): 361–366. ISSN 0093-4666.
  6. Clovis Douanla-Meli & Ewald Langer (2005). "Notes on Discomycetes: New species and new records from Cameroon". Mycotaxon (92): 223–237. ISSN 0093-4666.
  7. List of extinct and endangered species of Lithuania
  8. Sanshi Imai (1940). "The Geoglossaceae of Norway". Annales Mycologici (38): 277.
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