Symphyotrichum potosinum
Symphyotrichum potosinum (formerly Aster potosinus) is a species of flowering plant in the aster family (Asteraceae) native to Mexico and the U.S. state of Arizona. Commonly known as Santa Rita Mountain aster,[3] it is a perennial, herbaceous plant that may reach 15 to 45 centimeters (6 to 18 inches) tall.
Symphyotrichum potosinum | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Asteraceae |
Tribe: | Astereae |
Subtribe: | Symphyotrichinae |
Genus: | Symphyotrichum |
Subgenus: | Symphyotrichum subg. Astropolium |
Species: | S. potosinum |
Binomial name | |
Symphyotrichum potosinum | |
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Native distribution[3][4] | |
Synonyms[2] | |
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Description
Symphyotrichum potosinum is a perennial, herbaceous plant which blooms June–September. It grows from 15 to 45 centimeters (6 to 18 inches) in height, and can be either clump-forming or colonial with rhizomes in its root system. It has from one to three hairless or mostly hairless stems arising from the root base in an ascending or erect fashion. The stems are green but sometimes purple or purplish-brown. Although hairless or nearly so, the stems do have a small amount of hair at the axils where the leaves meet the stems.[3]
Leaves
The leaves are thin and grass-like, hairless or nearly so. Those at the base have long, sheathing, and sparsely ciliate petioles, and they are from 4 to 11 centimeters (1.6 to 4.3 inches) in length and usually 5–7 mm in width. By the time the plant flowers, the basal leaves are usually withered, yet the stem leaves usually remain. The leaves along the stem range in length from 5 to 12 cm (2 to 5 in) and sometimes up to 18 cm (7 in). They are also grass-like, and typically not as wide as those at the base, with width measurements from 1–6 mm. The leaves highest on the stem are either grass-like or awl-shaped with a tapering point, shorter from 1 to 5 cm (0.4 to 2.0 in), and very thin at only 1–2 mm wide.[3]
Flowers
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The inflorescences of Symphyotrichum potosinum consist of a usual range of 3 to 20 flower heads in paniculiform arrays with their branches growing at 45–50° angles to the stem. Each head has a 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) hairless peduncle with 1–4 bracts. The involucres are cylindric to hemispheric in shape and 5–7.3 mm in length. The phyllaries are in 2–3, sometimes up to 5, series, and awl-shaped to lanceolate.[3]
Its flowers have 14–27 white ray florets that are from 4.6 to 10.3 mm in length and 1.3–2 mm wide. There are usually 18–35 yellow disk florets with triangular spreading lobes when they bloom.[3]

Chromosomes
Symphyotrichum potosinum has a base number of five chromosomes (x = 5)[5] with a diploid count of 10.[3]
Distribution and habitat
Santa Rita Mountain aster is native to Arizona and Mexico. As of October 2021, it is known in the United States only from Cochise County, Arizona.[3] In Mexico, it has a recorded presence in the states of Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz, and Zacatecas.[4] It is a wetland species and grows in muddy and wet soils on stream banks in the mountains at elevations of 1,500–1,900 m (4,920–6,230 ft).[3]
Conservation
NatureServe lists Symphyotrichum potosinum as Imperiled (G2) worldwide, and Critically Imperiled (S1) in Arizona. The species is extirpated from the Santa Rita Mountains and possibly the Chiricahua Mountains.[1] It is threatened by road maintenance, recreation, and habitat and water supply destruction. Its global status was last reviewed by NatureServe on 15 December 2015. The species' status in Mexico is not given.[1]
Citations
References
- Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; Allen, G.A.; Chambers, K.L.; Sundberg, S.D. (2006). "Symphyotrichum potosinum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford. Retrieved 7 July 2021 – via eFloras.
- Hassler, M. (17 March 2021). "Symphyotrichum potosinum (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom". In Roskov, Y.; Ower, G.; Orrell, T.; Nicolson, D.; Bailly, N.; Kirk, P.M.; Bourgoin, T.; DeWalt, R.E.; Decock, W.; van Nieukerken, E.J.; Penev, L. (eds.). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 10 June 2021. Catalogue of Life. Leiden, Netherlands: Naturalis Biodiversity Center. ISSN 2405-8858. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- NatureServe (2 October 2021). "Symphyotrichum potosinum Santa Rita Mountain American-aster". explorer.natureserve.org. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
- POWO (2021). "Symphyotrichum potosinum (A.Gray) G.L.Nesom". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
- Semple, J.C. (n.d.). "Symphyotrichum subg. Astropolium". www.uwaterloo.ca. Ontario. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.