Shape from focus

Shape from focus or shape from defocus is a method of 3D reconstruction which consists in the use of information about the focus of an optical system to provide a means of measurement of 3D information.[1] One of the simplest forms of this method is used in most autofocus cameras today. In its most simple form, the methods analyze an image based upon overall contrast from a histogram, the width of edges, or more commonly the frequency spectrum derived from a fast Fourier transform of the image. That information might be used to drive a servo mechanism in the lens, moving the lens until the quantity measured on one of the earlier parameters is optimized. Moving from a fuzzy image to a sharp image is something just about anyone can do instinctively with a manual camera.[2]

References
  1. Favaro, Paolo, and Stefano Soatto. "A geometric approach to shape from defocus." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 27.3 (2005): 406-417.
  2. Harding, K. (Ed.). (2013). Handbook of optical dimensional metrology. CRC Press.
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