Sapphire-rumped parrotlet

The sapphire-rumped parrotlet (Touit purpuratus) is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical swamps, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.[3]

Sapphire-rumped parrotlet
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Touit
Species:
T. purpuratus
Binomial name
Touit purpuratus
(Gmelin, 1788)
Synonyms

Touit purpurata[2]

Taxonomy

The sapphire-rumped parrotlet was described in 1781 by the English ornithologist John Latham under the English name, the "purple-tailed parakeet". Latham's specimen had come from Cayenne in French Guiana.[4] When in 1788 the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin revised and expanded Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae, he included the sapphire-rumped parrotlet with a short description, coined the binomial name Psittacus purpuratus and cited Latham's work.[5] The sapphire-rumped parrotlet is now placed with seven other parrotlets in the genus Touit that was introduced in 1855 by the English zoologist George Robert Gray.[6][7] The genus name is derived from the extinct Tupi language that was spoken by native people in Brazil: Tuí eté means "really little parrot". The specific epithet purpuratus is Latin meaning "clad in purple".[8]

Two subspecies are recognised:[7]

  • T. p. purpuratus (Gmelin, JF, 1788) – south Venezuela through the Guianas and north Brazil
  • T. p. viridiceps Chapman, 1929 – southeast Colombia and south Venezuela to northwest Brazil, east Ecuador and northeast Peru

Distribution

It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It inhabits lowland humid terra firme and varzea forest, savanna and open woodland up to an elevation of 1,400 m (4,600 ft).<[9][3]

References
  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Touit purpuratus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22686029A93097124. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22686029A93097124.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. Peters, James Lee, ed. (1937). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 3. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 207.
  3. International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (2016-10-01). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  4. Latham, John (1781–1785). A General Synopsis of Birds. Vol. 1, Part 1. London: Printed for Benj. White. p. 315, No. 121.
  5. Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1788). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 350.
  6. Gray, George Robert (1855). Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds Contained in the British Museum. London: British Museum. p. 89.
  7. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2022). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  8. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 388, 325. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  9. "Parrots.org|Sapphire-rumped-parrotlet".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)


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