Salta Basin
Salta Basin or Salta Rift Basin is a sedimentary basin located in the Argentine Northwest.[1][2] The basin started to accumulate sediments in the Early Cretaceous (Neocomian) and at present it has sedimentary deposits reaching thicknesses of 5,000 metres (16,000 ft). The basin contains seven sub-basins: Tres Cruces, Lomas de Olmedo, Metán, Alemanía, Salfity, El Rey, Sey and Brealito. The basin environment has variously been described as a "foreland rift" and an "intra-continental rift". The basin developed under conditions of extensional tectonics and rift-associated volcanism.[1]
Salta Basin | |
---|---|
Cuenca Salta | |
![]() ![]() Location of the basin in Argentina | |
Coordinates | 23°40′S 66°07′W |
Etymology | Salta Province |
Region | Argentine Northwest |
Country | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
State(s) | Salta, Jujuy, Tucumán Potosí Antofagasta |
Cities | Salta |
Characteristics | |
On/Offshore | Onshore |
Boundaries | Andes |
Part of | Andean foreland basins |
Geology | |
Basin type | Foreland-on-rift basin or intracontinental rift basin |
Plate | South American |
Orogeny | Andean |
Age | Neocomian-Neogene |
Stratigraphy | Stratigraphy |
Description
The basin basement is composed of rocks belonging to the Puncoviscana Formation.[2] The volcanism that began in the Late Jurassic was initially of subalkaline character (low sodium and potassium content), but turned increasingly alkaline in the Early Cretaceous.[1]
The rifts of Salta Basin developed in a time of generalized extensional tectonics along western South America.[3] It has been proposed that the Salar de Atacama depression in Chile was once a westward rift arm of the Salta Basin.[4]
Stratigraphy
Age | Group | Subgroup | Formation | Lithologies | Basin stage | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pliocene | Payogastilla | San Felipe | Conglomerates | Foreland | [5] | |
Huayquerian | Jujuy | Piquete | [6][7] | |||
Huayquerian | Guanaco Sonso | [8] | ||||
Montehermosan | Palo Pintado | [9] | ||||
Chasicoan | ||||||
Laventan | Angastaco | [10][11] | ||||
Friasian | ||||||
Friasian | Metán | Jesús María | [11] | |||
Friasian | Anta | [11] | ||||
Early Miocene | Río Seco | [11] | ||||
Priabonian | Los Colorados | [11] | ||||
Casamayoran | Quebrada de los Colorados | [10] | ||||
Salta | Santa Bárbara | Lumbrera | Late post-rift | [12][13] | ||
Lutetian | ||||||
Itaboraian | Maíz Gordo | [12][14] | ||||
Thanetian | ||||||
Peligran | Mealla | Sandstones, siltstones, conglomerates, paleosols | [12][15] | |||
Selandian | Balbuena | Tunal | Early post-rift | [12] | ||
Danian | Olmedo | [12] | ||||
Yacoraite | Sandstones, limestones | [12] | ||||
Maastrichtian | ||||||
early Maastrichtian | Lecho | Sandstones | [12] | |||
Campanian | Pirgua | Los Blanquitos | Sandstones | Late synrift | [12] | |
Las Curtiembres | Early synrift | [12] | ||||
Santonian | ||||||
Coniacian | ||||||
Turonian | ||||||
Cenomanian | Isonza | Basalt | [12] | |||
Albian | La Yesera | [12] | ||||
Aptian | ||||||
References
- Marquillas et al., 2005
- Grier et al., 1991
- Ramos, 2009
- Reutter et al., 2006
- Galli et al., 2019, p.380
- González & Abascal, 2012
- Galli et al., 2019, p.369
- López Rodríguez, 2018
- Galli et al., 2011
- Del Papa et al., 2013
- Galli & Hernández, 1999, p.171
- Marquillas et al., 2005, p.96
- Del Papa, 2006
- Narváez, 2009
- Sánchez & Marquillas, 2010
Bibliography
- General
- Estratigrafía y paleoambientes de los depósitos del Plioceno de la Cordillera Oriental argentina. Opera Lilloana 52. 367–388. Accessed 2020-07-31. ; ; ; ; ; , and . 2019.
- Anatomy and global context of the Andes: Main geologic features and the Andean orogenic cycle. Geological Society of America Memoirs 204. 31–65. Accessed 2015-12-15. doi:10.1144/SP327.3 . 2009.
- Reutter, Klaus-J.; Charrier, Reynaldo; Götze, Hans-J.; Schurr, Bernd; Wigger, Peter; Scheuber, Ekkehard; Giese, Peter; Reuther, Claus-Dieter; Schmidt, Sabine; Rietbrock, Andreas; Chong, Guillermo; Belmonte-Pool, Arturo (2006). "The Salar de Atacama Basin: a Subsiding Block within the Western Edge of the Altiplano-Puna Plateau". In Oncken, Onno; Chong, Guillermo; Franz, Gerhard; Giese, Peter; Götze, Hans-Jürgen; Ramos, Víctor A.; Strecker, Manfred R.; Wigger, Peter (eds.). The Andes: Active Subduction Orogeny. pp. 303–325. ISBN 978-3-540-24329-8.
- Sedimentary aspects and paleoenvironmental evolution of a rift basin: Salta Group (Cretaceous–Paleogene), northwestern Argentina. International Journal of Earth Sciences 94. 94–113. Accessed 2015-12-12. doi:10.1007/s00531-004-0443-2 Bibcode:2005IJEaS..94...94M ; , and . 2005.
- Evolución de la Cuenca de Antepaís desde la zona de la Cumbre Calchaquí hasta la Sierra de Santa Bárbara, Eoceno inferior-Mioceno medio, provincia de Salta, Argentina. Acta Geologica Hispanica 34. 167–184. Accessed 2020-07-31. , and . 1999.
- Journal of South American Earth Sciences 4. 351–372. doi: 10.1016/0895-9811(91)90007-8 Bibcode:1991JSAES...4..351G ; , and . 1991. Andean reactivation of the Cretaceous Salta rift, northwestern Argentina.
- Guanaco Sonso Formation
- Ambiente y evolución tectonoestratigráfica de una sección de la Formación Guanaco Sonso a los 29°S, Cordillera Frontal, Región de Atacama, Chile, 1–92. Universidad de Chile. Accessed 2020-07-31. . 2018.
- Lumbrera Formation
- A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36. e1037884. Accessed 2019-02-13. , and . 2015.
- A New Eocene Dasypodid with Caniniforms (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) from Northwest Argentina. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24. 275–288. Accessed 2019-02-12. ; ; , and . 2017.
- Estratigrafía y paleoambientes de la Formación Lumbrera, Grupo Salta, Noroeste argentino. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 61. 313–327. Accessed 2017-08-15. . 2006.
- Maíz Gordo Formation
- Palinoestratigrafía, paleoambientes y cambios climáticos durante el Cretácico final y Paleógeno de la Cuenca del Grupo Salta, República Argentina (PhD thesis), 1–229. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Accessed 2017-10-18. . 2009.
- Mealla Formation
- Facies y ambientes del Grupo Salta (Cretácico-Paleógeno) en Tumbaya, Quebrada de Humahuaca, Provincia de Jujuy. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 67. 383–391. Accessed 2018-09-07. , and . 2010.
- Palo Pintado Formation
- Megaflora de la Formación Palo Pintado (Mioceno Superior) Salta, Argentina Parte II. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 14. 239–254. Accessed 2017-10-22. , and . 2011.
- Paleoambiente y paleocomunidades de la Formación Palo Pintado (Mioceno-Plioceno), Provincia de Salta, Argentina. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 28. 161–174. Accessed 2017-10-22. ; ; , and . 2011.
- A new Hypsodont Notoungulate (Hegetotheriidae, Pachyrukhinae) from the late Miocene of the Eastern Cordillera, Salta province, Northwest of Argentina. Andean Geology 42. 56–70. Accessed 2017-08-15. ; ; ; , and . 2015.
- Piquete Formation
- Orogénesis y drenaje en la región del Valle de Lerma (Cordillera Oriental, Salta, Argentina) durante Pleistoceno tardio. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 69. 127–141. Accessed 2018-10-01. , and . 2012.
- Quebrada de Los Colorados Formation
- New Palaeogene metatherians from the Quebrada de Los Colorados Formation at Los Cardones National Park (Salta Province, Argentina). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology Online edition. 1–17. Accessed 2018-10-01. ; ; ; ; , and . 2018.
- Fossil mammals of the Quebrada de los Colorados Formation (late middle Eocene) at the locality of La Poma, Salta Province, Argentina. Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology 30. 507–517. Accessed 2019-02-12. ; , and . 2017.
- Relaciones estratigráficas de las formaciones Quebrada de Los Colorados y Angastaco (Paleógeno-Neógeno), Valles Calchaquíes, Salta (Argentina): Significado en el análisis de la cuenca del Grupo Payogastilla. Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis 20. 51–64. Accessed 2018-09-10. . 2013.
- Estratigrafía del Valle de Luracatao (Valle Calchaquí, Noroeste Argentino): Nueva propuesta. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 67. 309–318. Accessed 2018-09-07. ; ; , and . 2010.
Further reading
- Geology of Chile, 1–396. Geological Society of London. Accessed 2018-09-06. ISBN 9781862392199 , and . 2006.