Pancasila Youth

The Pancasila Youth (Indonesian: Pemuda Pancasila, PP) is an Indonesian far-right paramilitary organization established by General Abdul Haris Nasution on 28 October 1959 as the youth wing of the League of Supporters of Indonesian Independence.[9][10][11]

Pancasila Youth
Pemuda Pancasila
LeaderYapto Soerjosoemarno
Dates of operation1959-present
Active regionsIndonesia
IdeologyPancasila
Anti-communism[1][2][3][4]
Ultranationalism[5][6]
Neo-fascism
Political positionFar-right[7][8]
Major actionsBeheadings, Tortures, Murder, Rapes, Brawlings, Bullyings, Hate speech, Hate crime
Notable attacksIndonesian killings of 1965–66
Maluku sectarian conflict
2019 Papua protests
Size3,000,000 (2012)
Pancasila Youth members (in black and orange) in a Youth Pledge Day ceremony in Cirebon Regency, West Java

History

Currently Yapto Soerjosoemarno is the leader of this organization,[12] and was one of the semi-official political gangster (preman) groups that supported the New Order military dictatorship of Suharto. The organisation's name refers to Pancasila, the official "five principles" of the Indonesian state. Pancasila Youth played an important role in supporting Suharto's military coup in 1965: they ran death squads for the Indonesian army, killing a million or more alleged communists and Chinese Indonesians across the province of Northern Sumatra, as described in the 2012 documentary The Act of Killing.

In the documentary, it is stated that the organisation currently has three million members. National membership estimates from the late 1990s ranged from four to ten million people.[12]

In May 2020, the Bekasi chapter of the Pancasila Youth mailed out letters to prominent local businesspeople asking for Tunjangan Hari Raya in exchange for "peace and security". The Bekasi Police has demanded the chapter retract the letter.[13]

Members

See also

References
  1. Inside Indonesia, ed. (1999). Inside Indonesia, Issues 57-68. Inside Indonesia, Indonesia Resources and Information Programme. p. 19.
  2. Elizabeth Rechniewski, ed. (2018). Seeking Meaning, Seeking Justice in a Post-Cold War World. Brill. p. 138. ISBN 9789004361676.
  3. Lyn Parker, Pam Nilan, ed. (2013). Adolescents in Contemporary Indonesia. Taylor & Francis. p. Content. ISBN 9781134072385.
  4. Benedict R. O'G. Anderson, ed. (2018). Violence and the State in Suharto's Indonesia. Cornell University Press. p. 133. ISBN 9781501719042.
  5. Ulla Fionna, ed. (2015). Watching the Indonesian Elections 2014. ISEAS Publishing. p. 106. ISBN 9789814620833. Prabowo has accepted support from and declared his willingness to work with such organizations as the (notorious) radical Islamic group Front Pembela Islam (Defenders of Islam Front) and the ultra-nationalist Pemuda Pancasila
  6. "Indonesia film on mass killings stirs debate". AlJazeera. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  7. Jason Crouthamel, Julia Barbara Köhne & Peter Leese 2021, pp. 317.
  8. Geoffrey B. Robinson, ed. (2019). The Killing Season. Princeton University Press. p. 301. ISBN 9780691196497.
  9. "Jakarta prominent mass organization and ethnic groups". Jakarta Post. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  10. Hefner, Robert W. (2005). "Social Legacies and Possible Futures". Indonesia: The Great Transition. p. 120. ISBN 9780742540118.
  11. Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. (Ed) (2001). Violence and the State in Suharto's Indonesia. SEAP Publications. p. 16. ISBN 9780877277293.
  12. Youth Gangs and Otherwise in Indonesia Archived 2012-06-17 at the Wayback Machine; RYTER, Loren, University of Michigan; presented at the Global Gangs Workshop, 14–15 May 2009
  13. Mawardi, Isal. "Pemuda Pancasila Buka Suara soal Permintaan THR ke Pengusaha Bekasi". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-05-13.
  14. "Deretan Pengurus Pemuda Pancasila yang Jadi Pejabat Negara". tempo.co.
  15. "Anwar Congo Penjagal PKI dari Medan Meninggal Dunia". Tribun Medan.
  16. "Anti-PKI death squad leader Anwar Congo dies at 78". The Jakarta Post. 27 October 2019.
  17. "Deretan Pengurus Pemuda Pancasila yang Jadi Pejabat Negara". tempo.co.
  18. "Deretan Pengurus Pemuda Pancasila yang Jadi Pejabat Negara". tempo.co.
  19. "Deretan Pengurus Pemuda Pancasila yang Jadi Pejabat Negara". tempo.co.
  20. "Deretan Pengurus Pemuda Pancasila yang Jadi Pejabat Negara". tempo.co.

Further reading


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