Foreign relations of Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea's foreign policy reflects close ties with Australia and other traditional allies and cooperative relations with neighboring countries. Its views on international political and economic issues are generally moderate.

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APEC 2018 in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea belongs to a variety of regional organizations, including the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum; the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) (Papua New Guinea is an observer member of the ASEAN); the South Pacific Commission; the Pacific Islands Forum; the Melanesian Spearhead Group and the South Pacific Regional Environmental Program (SPREP).

Relations by country

List of countries which Papua New Guinea maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date
1  Australia 16 September 1975[1]
2  Fiji 16 September 1975[2]
3  Indonesia 16 September 1975[3]
4  Japan 16 September 1975[4]
5  New Zealand 16 September 1975[5]
6  Philippines 16 September 1975[6]
7  United Kingdom 16 September 1975[7]
8  United States 16 September 1975[8]
9  Egypt 20 April 1976[9]
10  Thailand 14 May 1976[9]
11  India 19 May 1976[10]
12  Mexico 19 May 1976[11]
13  Romania 19 May 1976[12]
14  Russia 19 May 1976[13]
15  Singapore 19 May 1976[14]
16  South Korea 19 May 1976[15]
17  Serbia 21 May 1976[16]
18  North Korea 1 June 1976[17]
19   Switzerland 2 June 1976[14]
20  Mongolia 16 June 1976[14]
21  France 22 June 1976[9]
22  Austria 24 June 1976[18]
23  Malaysia 12 July 1976[19]
24  Canada 9 August 1976[19]
25  Norway 9 August 1976[19][20]
26  Chile 19 August 1976[21]
27  Netherlands 25 August 1976[22]
28  Belgium 16 September 1976[19]
29  Germany 16 September 1976[23]
30  Pakistan 4 October 1976[19]
31  China 12 October 1976[24]
32  Portugal 15 October 1976[25]
33  Sweden 10 November 1976[26]
34  Hungary 15 January 1977[27]
35  Greece January 1977
36   Holy See 7 March 1977[28]
37  Ghana 22 August 1977[29]
38  Iraq 27 August 1977[30]
39  Finland 31 August 1977[31]
40  Denmark 5 September 1977
41  Luxembourg 15 October 1977[32]
42  Poland 10 February 1978[33]
43  Cyprus 20 April 1978[34]
49  Costa Rica 28 April 1978[35]
44  Israel 1 May 1978
45  Solomon Islands 17 August 1978[36]
46  Spain 28 August 1978[37]
47  Argentina 6 November 1978[38]
48  Italy 14 December 1978
50  Turkey 30 May 1979[39]
51  Samoa 27 August 1979
52  Tuvalu January 1980[40]
53  Tanzania 29 March 1980
54  Vanuatu 30 July 1980
55  Kiribati 1980
56  Nigeria 1980
57  Nauru 1980
58  Tonga 1980
59  Sri Lanka 17 November 1982[41]
60  Bangladesh 20 June 1983
61  Peru 14 September 1983[42]
62  Brunei Darussalam 1 May 1984[43]
63  Colombia 2 March 1988[44]
64  Zimbabwe May 1988
65  Marshall Islands 21 September 1988[45]
66  Micronesia 21 September 1988[46]
67  Maldives 22 December 1988[47][48]
68  Brazil 27 April 1989[49]
69  Cuba 13 October 1989[50]
70  Vietnam 3 November 1989[51]
71  Laos 6 April 1990[52][53]
72  Venezuela 1 January 1991[54]
73  Jamaica 16 April 1991
74  Myanmar 24 July 1991[55]
75  Namibia 30 April 1992[56]
76  Palau 1 October 1994[57]
77  South Africa 7 October 1994[58]
78  Czech Republic 10 April 1995[59]
-  Cook Islands 1995
79  Kuwait 1995
80  Panama 3 May 1996[60]
81  Cambodia 7 October 1996[61]
82  Croatia 5 December 1997[62][63]
83  Slovakia 29 October 1999
84  Timor Leste 19 July 2002
85  Iceland 12 August 2004[64]
-  Palestine 4 October 2004, before

from 13 January 1995 -

27 January 1995[65]

86  Slovenia 9 February 2010
87  Botswana 2010[66]
88    Nepal 12 April 2013[67]
-  Niue 9 December 2014
89  Paraguay 21 September 2016[68]
90  Estonia 4 October 2016[69]
91  Georgia 4 October 2016[70]
92  Qatar 22 February 2017[71][72]
93  United Arab Emirates 22 March 2017[73][74]
94  Malta 6 October 2017[75]
95  Latvia 9 May 2018[76]
96  Morocco 28 September 2018[77]
97  Ireland 26 October 2020[78]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Argentina6 November 1978

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1976.[79]

 Australia16 September 1975See Australia–Papua New Guinea relations

Relations with Australia were strained in 2006 when Prime Minister Michael Somare was accused of having facilitated Julian Moti's escape to the Solomon Islands.[80] Moti was wanted in Australia for serious alleged child sex offences. In retaliation, the Australian government banned Somare from entering Australia; all talks between Canberra and Port Moresby were suspended. In September 2007, relations began to thaw,[81] and in December 2007, the new Australian Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd, met Sir Michael in Bali. Rudd announced what appears to be a normalisation of relations: "This relationship has been through a very difficult period in recent times. There has in effect been a freeze on ministerial contact between the two governments. I do not believe that's an appropriate way for the future."[82]

 Canada9 August 1976
  • Canada is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its high commission in Canberra, Australia.[85]
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[86]
 China12 October 1976See China–Papua New Guinea relations

The Independent State of Papua New Guinea and the People's Republic of China (PRC) established official diplomatic relations in 1976, soon after Papua New Guinea became independent. The two countries currently maintain diplomatic, economic and, to a lesser degree, military relations. Relations are cordial; China is a significant provider of both investments and development aid to Papua New Guinea.

 Cuba13 October 1989

In the late 2000s, Papua New Guinea began to strengthen its relations with Cuba. Cuba provides medical aid to the country.[87] In September 2008, a PNG government representative attended the first Cuba-Pacific Islands ministerial meeting in Havana, aimed at "strengthening cooperation" between Cuba and Pacific Island countries, notably in coping with the effects of climate change.[88]

 Cyprus20 April 1978
 Fiji16 September 1975

As of November 2005, relations with Pacific neighbor Fiji have been strained by revelations that a number of Fijian mercenaries have been operating illegally on the island of Bougainville, arming and training a rebel militia.

 France22 June1976See France–Papua New Guinea relations

Official diplomatic relations were established in 1976. Papua New Guinea is a member of the United Nations' Special Committee on Decolonization. The French government has noted what it calls Port Moresby's "moderate" attitude on the issue of the decolonisation of New Caledonia - which, like Papua New Guinea, is located in Melanesia.[90] The French National Assembly maintains a Friendship Group with Papua New Guinea.

 Germany16 September 1976
  • Germany is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Wellington, New Zealand.
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Germany from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
 India19 May 1976See India-Papua New Guinea Relations
  • India has a High Commission in Port Moresby.[91]
  • Papua New Guinea maintains a High Commission in New Delhi.[92]
 Indonesia16 September 1975See Indonesia–Papua New Guinea relations

Western New Guinea (which consists of two Indonesian provinces: Papua and West Papua) and Papua New Guinea share a 760-kilometre (470 mi) border that has raised tensions and ongoing diplomatic issues over many decades.[93] Indonesia is represented in Papua New Guinea with an embassy in Port Moresby and a consulate in Vanimo. Reciprocally, Papua New Guinea has an Ambassador in Jakarta and a Consul-General in Jayapura.

 Israel1 May 1978

Both countries established diplomatic relations in June 1978.[94]

 Japan16 September 1975

Diplomatic relations between Japan and Papua New Guinea were established on 16 September 1975, the date Papua-New Guinea became independent. Japan maintains an embassy at Port Moresby. Papua-New Guinea is currently the largest recipient of Japanese foreign aid in the Pacific. Ministerial level visits are frequent between the two countries.[95] Reciprocally, Papua New Guinea has an embassy in Tokyo.

 Malta6 October 2017
 Mexico19 May 1976See Mexico–Papua New Guinea relations
  • Mexico is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.[97]
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[86]
 New Zealand16 September 1975See New Zealand–Papua New Guinea relations
  • New Zealand has a high commission in Port Moresby.[98]
  • Papua New Guinea has a high commission in Wellington.[99]
   Nepal12 April 2013

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 April 2013.[100]

 Philippines16 September 1975

In March 2009, The Philippines and Papua New Guinea entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that would enhance the cooperation between the two countries on the development of fisheries. The MoU will facilitate technology transfer in aquaculture development, promotion of shipping ventures, investments, technical training, joint research, and "strategic complementation" of each country's plans in the "Coral Triangle" – or the waters between the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Pacific Islands.[101] In the same year, Papua New Guinea asked the Philippines for help in its pursuit of membership to ASEAN.[102][103]

 Romania19 May 1976

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1976.[104]

 Serbia23 May 1976

Both countries have established diplomatic relations in 1976.[105] Papua New Guinea recognized Kosovo as independent from 3 October 2012 until withdrawing its recognition on 5 July 2018.

 South Korea19 May 1976

Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and Papua New Guinea were established in May 1976.[106]

 Spain28 August 1978See Papua New Guinea–Spain relations
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
  • Spain is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
  Switzerland2 June 1976

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1976.[107]

 Turkey30 May 1979[108]
 United Kingdom16 September 1975See Papua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations

Papua New Guinea and the United Kingdom share Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state. They have had relations since 1975 when Papua New Guinea gained independence from Australia.

  • Papua New Guinea has a high commission in London.[109]
  • United Kingdom has a high commission in Port Moresby.[110]
 United States16 September 1975See Papua New Guinea–United States relations

The U.S. and Papua New Guinea are signatories to the U.S.-Pacific Islands Multilateral Tuna Fisheries Treaty, under which the U.S. grants $63 million per year to Pacific Island parties and the latter provide access for U.S. fishing vessels. The U.S. also supports Papua New Guinea's efforts to protect biodiversity; the International Coral Reef Initiative is aimed at protecting reefs in tropical nations such as Papua New Guinea.

 Vietnam3 November 1989

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1989.[112][113]

Papua New Guinea and the Commonwealth of Nations

Papua New Guinea has been a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations since 1975, when it gained independence from Australia.

See also

References
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