Conservatoire national des arts et métiers

The Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (French: [kɔ̃sɛʁvatwaʁ nɑsjɔnal dez‿aʁ e metje]; abbr. CNAM | English: French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts) is a French public higher education institution, national research centre and grand établissement as well as grande école of engineering, thus part of the French elite universities league. Headquartered in Paris, it has campuses in every major French cities, in overseas France and in every francophone African countries,[4] China,[5][6] Haiti,[7] Germany,[8] and Switzerland.[9][10][11] Founded in 1794 by the French bishop Henri Grégoire, CNAM's core mission is dedicated to provide education and conduct research for the promotion of science and industry. With 70,000 students and a budget of €174 million,[12] it is the second largest university by enrolment in Europe for distance learning and continued education, after the University of Hagen.[13] CNAM provides certificates, diplomas, Bachelor's degrees, Master's degrees and PhD's in Science, Engineering, Law, Management (AMBA-accredited[14]), Finance, Accountancy, Urban Planning and Humanities, all designed to abide by the European Bologna process, and thus complying with the European Credit Transfer System. It is the only higher education institution in Europe to provide Physics, Chemistry and Life-Science engineer's degrees up to a PhD-level via distance learning and via its so-called "hybrid learning" which includes intermittent laboratories classes on-site. The CNAM hosts also a museum dedicated to scientific and industrial inventions: Musée des Arts et Métiers (English: the Industrial Design Museum) which welcomed 250,000 visitors in 2018,[15] and is located on the Parisian campus of the French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts at 292 rue Saint Martin, in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris, in the historical area of the city named Le Marais.

French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts
Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers
Motto
Docet omnes ubique (Latin)
Motto in English
Teaching to everyone everywhere
TypePublic, Grand établissement, Grande école
Established1794 (1794)
AccreditationAMBA
Budget174 M€ in 2020
ChancellorOlivier Faron (since 2013)[1]
PresidentGérard Mestrallet[1]
Vice-ChancellorBernard Racimora[1]
Academic staff
1,670: 568 Professors-Researchers | 1,102 academic staff
Students70,000 (57,7% employees, 24% job seekers, 12% students, 6,3% self-employed) | 10% of foreign students
Postgraduates1,592 (Grande Ecole engineers enrollment)
91 (enrolled at the EiCNAM Grande Ecole engineering School) | 340 in total
Location
Headquartered in Paris
,
France; campuses in Paris (36% of students), in 160 other French cities, in overseas France (3% of students), campuses in whole francophone Africa and in other countries (11% of students)[2][3]
CampusUrban
LanguageFrench, English
AffiliationsCGE, Hautes Écoles Sorbonne Arts et Métiers University, Elles Bougent
Websitewww.cnam.fr

History

Founded on the 10th October 1794, during the French Revolution,[16] it was then proposed by Abbé Henri Grégoire as a "depository for machines, models, tools, drawings, descriptions and books in all the areas of the arts and trades".[17] The deserted Saint-Martin-des-Champs Priory (and particularly its Gothic refectory by Pierre de Montereau) was selected as the site of collection, which officially opened in 1802.

Tennis Court Oath (1789) by David : the abbot Henri Grégoire, was a founding member of the French Conservatory of Arts and Crafts, is shown with abbot black clothes in the drawing center.

Originally charged with the collection of inventions, it has since become an educational institution. At the present time, it is known primarily as a continuing education school for adults seeking engineering (multidisciplinary scientific program) and business degrees, proposing evening classes in a variety of topics.

The collection of inventions is now operated by the Musée des Arts et Métiers. The original Foucault pendulum was exhibited as part of the collection, but was moved to the Panthéon in 1995 during museum renovation. It was later reinstalled in the Musée des Arts et Métiers. On 6 April 2010,[18] the cable suspending the original pendulum bob snapped causing irreparable damage to the pendulum and to the marble flooring of the museum.[19]

The novel Foucault's Pendulum by Umberto Eco deals greatly with this establishment, as the Foucault pendulum hung in the museum plays a great role in the storyline. The novel was published in 1989 prior to the pendulum being moved back to the Panthéon during museum reconstruction.[20]

On the 25th November 1819, at the instigation of Duke Decazes, newly nominated as Minister of the Interior, a three-Chairs higher education is established at the French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts: Applied Mechanical Engineering vested in Baron Charles Dupin; Applied Chemistry entrusted to Nicolas Clément; and Industrial Economics left with Jean Baptiste Say.

Missions and Values

The French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts is infused with the values of the Lumières, as part of the French enlightenment era, of the 18th Century French Humanism, and of the French encyclopedists, whose goal was to provide emancipation via knowledge for everyone; the latter being often followed by most Grande Ecole and Universities in France, along with Universalism and Cartesianism. This background paved the way to nowadays CNAM's values of meritocracy, solidarity and academic excellence.[21]

Under the supervision of the Ministry of Higher Education and as French public institution of higher education, it is assigned three missions:

  • Training throughout life (Lifelong learning);
  • Technological research and innovation;
  • Dissemination of scientific and technical culture.

These missions and values are reflected in CNAM's motto: "Omnes docet ubique", which means: "Teaching to everyone everywhere."

Campuses

Parisian campus

Out of the 70,000 students enrolled at CNAM (57,7% employees, 24% job seekers, 12% students, 6,3% self-employed), 36% are enrolled at the Parisian campus, 3% in Overseas France, 11% abroad and the rest in metropolitan France, of which 1,592 are enrolled at the Grande Ecole engineer school of CNAM: the EiCNAM.[22][23] The Parisian campus and headquarters of the French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts is located in one of the last medieval architectural area of Paris, in the historical district of Le Marais in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris, at the former Benedictine priory of Saint-Martin-des-Champs, which church and core architectural style was inspired by the Basilica of Saint-Denis architecture built a few years earlier.

This large Cluniac monastery founded by King Henry the First of France in 1059-1060 on Merovingian vestige, is still visible today. The former gothic-style refectory hall dated from the 13th century remains until today and was reassigned as the library in the middle of the 19th century by the CNAM's architect: Léon Vaudoyer.

Campuses in the rest of Metropolitan France

CNAM is based in 160 other French cities. French regional CNAM Centres are independent and autonomous in terms of enrolment and selection of candidates. Half of the regional CNAM centres budget is allocated by the French regional councils. The nearest Frenchregional CNAM should apply in terms of enrolment, in other words, someone living in Marseille should enrol in Marseille and not in Paris, even if his desired curriculum is not available in Marseille. As the vast majority of curricula are taught online, students can attend them from their nearest CNAM regional centre. Shall some specific classes be available only in Paris or at another regionalc centre, the student can attend these courses on-site, shall it be required (for example laboratory sessions in Life Science, Physics or Chemistry). Regional centres providing Engineering diploma via the EiCNAM, the Grande Ecole Engineer School of CNAM are all certified by the French national committee responsible for evaluation and accreditation of higher education institutions for the training of professional engineers in France (in French: Commission des Titres d'Ingénieur, abbr.: CTI). Some CNAM regional centres are hosted by other partner universities, for example the CNAM centre of Aix-en-Provence is located at the campus of the French Grande Ecole engineering and research school: Arts et Métiers ParisTech.

CNAM campus in Reims.

Campuses in overseas France

Campuses abroad[4]

Africa:

America:

Asia:

Europe:

Faculties and Schools

Faculties

On the 7th July 2016, the CNAM's board of directors enacted a reform via the directory of decisions number 2016-24 AG to 2016-33 AG,[30] which goal was to create 16 national pedagogic teams (French: équipes pédagogiques nationales | abbr.: EPN) in lieu of the School for industrial sciences and technologies (French: écoles Sciences industrielles et technologies de l’information | abbr.: Siti) and the School for Management and Society Management et société (French: école Management et Société | abbr.: MS). Some Pedagogic Teams below are also sometimes Schools per se.  

  • EPN 1: Building and energetics
  • EPN 2: School for Surveyors, Geometricians-Topographers (Abbreviation of the chool name in French: ESGT)
  • EPN 3: Electronics, Electrotechnics, Automation, Measurement
  • EPN 4: Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
  • EPN 5: IT
  • EPN 6: Mathematics and Statistics
  • EPN 7: Chemical, pharmaceutical and Food Industries
  • EPN 8: Intechmer (Maritime Transport and Marine Biology)
  • EPN 9: Economics, Finance, Insurances, Banking (Efab)
  • EPN10: Accounting, Finance Monitoring, Audit (CCA)
  • EPN 11: Territories (Geography and Sociology)
  • EPN 12: Health and Solidarities
  • EPN 13: Labour
  • EPN 14: Law and Real Estate
  • EPN 15: Strategies and Management
  • EPN 16: Innovation

Schools and institutes of CNAM

  • Ecole Pasteur-Cnam: School specialised in public health
  • Ecole Vaucanson: first National Management and Engineering Grande Ecole Higher Education Institution for students coming from vocational baccalaureate curricula.
  • EiCnam Ecole d'ingénieur.e: "Ei-" standing for: Ecole d'Ingénieur (in English: Engineering School), Grande Ecole curriculum, which like any other Grande Ecole selects students via a national competitive examination.
  • ENASS: French National School for Insurances
  • Enjmin: School specialised in video games and interactive media
  • ESGT: School for surveyor/geometrician-topographer
  • ICH: Institute specialised in Law applied to Real Estate
  • ICSV: Institute specialing in Sales and Marketing
  • FFI: College for Refrigeration, Industrial Cooling and HVAC engineering
  • IHIE-SSET: Institute for Hygiene and Food Safety
  • IIM: Institute specialised in Management
  • Inetop: Institute for the study of Labour, career counselling, personal development, education
  • INTD: Institute for Culture, Information, Technology and Society
  • Intec: Institute for Economics and Accountancy
  • Institute of Technology in Management, IT, Industrial Engineering, Physical Measurement, Material Studies
  • ISTNA: Institute for Nutrition and Food Science
  • ITIP: Institute for Transport and Ports

The academic staff headcount in 2020 reached 1,670, with 568 professors/researchers and 1,120 academic staff, which are called at CNAM: Biatss (French: bibliothèque, ingénieurs, administratifs, techniciens, social et santé | English: library staff, engineering staff, administrative staff, technical taff, social and health services staff).[12]

Doctoral college, doctoral schools and research centres

Doctoral college and doctoral schools[31]

The CNAM provides via its doctoral college PhD-curricula via distance-learning (along the job), or on-site. There are 91 PhD candidates enrolled at the EiCNAM Grande Ecole engineering School,[23] and a total of 350 professors-researchers and academic staff for a total of 340 doctoral students[32] from 40 different nationalities[33] enrolled at CNAM worldwide, at which 60 thesis defence/examination take place yearly.[13][33] The doctoral college of CNAM comprises two doctoral schools:

  • a doctoral school specialised in Science and Engineering (French: Sciences des métiers de l’ingénieur.e | abbr.: SMI), in partnership with the French Grande Ecole Arts et métiers (doctoral school code: ED 432),
  • and a doctoral school Abbé-Grégoire specialised in Humanities and Arts (ED 546).

Doctoral schools in partnership with other French Universities:

  • ED 591 : Physics, engineering sciences and energetics
  • ED 532 : Mathematics and informatics
  • ED 435 : Agriculture, biology, environment, health
  • ED 146 : Sciences, technology, health
  • Doctoral College of Paris-Saclay University.
Helium–neon laser used at the LNE-CNAM: the National Laboratory of Experimental Metrology,[34] under the aegis of the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM), based in Paris and of EURAMET, which conduct research projects in cooperation with the Kastler–Brossel Laboratory, the latter being a shared laboratory of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), the Grande Ecole École normale supérieure, the Sorbonne University and the Grand Etablissement Collège de France.[35] Specializing in fundamental physics of quantum systems, it was named after Alfred Kastler French physicist, and Nobel Prize laureate[36] and Jean Brossel, French physicist known for his work on quantum optics and Holweck Prize Laureate.[37][38]

Research centres and research laboratories of CNAM[39]
  • Cedric: Research centre in informatics and communication
  • CEET: Research centre for labour and employment
  • CRTD: Research centre for labour and development
  • Dicen-IdF: Information system in a digital era
  • DynFluid: Laboratory of fluid dynamics
  • Eren: Research team in food
  • Esycom: Electronics, communication systems and microsystems
  • Foap: Vocational training and professional apprenticeship
  • GBCM: Laboratory of genomics, bioinformatics and molecular chemistry
  • GeF: Laboratory of geomatics and real estate
  • HT2S: History of technosciences in our society
  • Lafset: Laboratory for refrigeration, industrial cooling, HVAC engineering, energetic and thermal systems
  • LCM: Shared laboratory of metrology (LNE-Cnam)
  • Lifse: Laboratory in fluid engineering and energetic systems
  • Lirsa: Interdisciplinary laboratory in the research for action, piloting and decision-making (applied to economics, law, management)
  • Lise: Interdisciplinary laboratory for sociology applied to economics
  • LMSSC: Laboratory for structural mechanics and coupled systems
  • M2N: Mathematical modelling and digitalisation
  • MESuRS: Modelling, epidemiology and health risk monitoring
  • Pimm: Process and engineering in mechanic and material sciences
  • Satie: Applications and systems of communication technologies and energetics
  • SD (ESDR3C): Intelligence, security and defence, cyber-threats, crisis

Partner research centres
  • GENIAL: Process engineering, food engineering
  • Lusac: University laboratory of applied science in Cherbourg - Brittany (Intechmer)
  • Metabiot: use of big data for the safety insurance of animal food (in cooperation with ANSES: the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety)
  • SayFood: Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering Research Unit (SayFood), in partnership with AgroParisTech, Inrae
  • IAT: Institute in aeronautics and aerodynamics

Curricula

The array of curricula at the CNAM spans the following:

  • Multidisciplinary programs;
  • 1,350 modular programs;
  • 1,500 specific sessions;
  • 480 diplomas or certificates, from undergraduate to doctoral programs.

Notable alumni, faculties, academic staff and donators

Other notable alumni and founding members
Commemorative plaque of Gaston Planté on the Parisian Campus of CNAM, inventor of the first lead-acid accumulator and first reusable lead-acid battery.

Traditions
  • Vandermonde : secret society of the French Conservatory of Arts and Crafts, allegedly based on the Skull & Bones model of Yale University.[73][79]
  • At the French Conservatory of Arts and Crafts, students are commonly (and also officially) called "auditeurs", referring to audience/listener (instead of "étudiants", in English: students).

Graduates from the Grande Ecole Engineering School: EiCNAM, receive coloured graduation scarf during the diploma bestowal ceremony, depending on the major they belong to:

  •   Building and public works Engineering, Energetics Engineering, Nuclear Power Engineering,
  •   IT Engineering,
  •   Bioinformatics Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Bio-Engineering, Process Engineering, Risk Management Engineering,
  •   Automation and Robotics Engineering, Electrical Engineering,
  •   Electronic Systems Engineering, Electronic Systems, Telecommunication and IT Engineering, Electronic system and railway signalling Engineering,
  •   Aeronautics and Aerospace Engineering, Rail Operation Engineering,
  •   Material Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics Engineering.

Foundation

In 1973, the Louis-de-Broglie Foundation was created at the French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts by Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics Louis de Broglie along with Physics Nobel-Price Laureate Louis Néel, and Fields medallist René Thom, on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the discovery of matter waves. It is now located at the French Academy of Sciences in Paris.

Affiliations and memberships

CNAM is a part of HeSAM (French: Hautes Écoles Sorbonne Arts et Métiers University), a cluster for higher education and research as a group of universities and institutions comprising 11 members and 4 associated institutions, totalling 110,000 enrolled students.

The members are:

See also

(in French) Écoles de l'an III scientifiques

Notes
  1. CNAM Officials
  2. Rapport d'évaluation du Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (Cnam) par l'Aeres, 11/2013 p.5 (p.6 du PDF)
  3. CNAM centres in 160 others cities in France and overseas territories
  4. Cnam. "Liste des centres d'enseignement à l'étranger | Intec | Cnam". Intec (in French). Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  5. Cnam. "Centre Cnam Chine | International | Cnam". International (in French). Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  6. Cnam. "Création de l'institut franco-chinois d'ingénierie et de management | International | Cnam". International (in French). Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  7. Cnam. "Convention de partenariat avec Haïti | International | Cnam". International (in French). Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  8. Cnam. "Allemagne Hochschule Darmstadt | International | Cnam". International (in French). Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  9. "CNAM CENTRE D'ENSEIGNEMENT DU BASSIN LEMANIQUE". LE [Lyon-Entreprises] (in French). Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  10. "Le Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (CNAM)". www.maison-transfrontaliere.com. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  11. Cnam. "Liste des centres d'enseignement à l'étranger | Intec | Cnam". Intec (in French). Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  12. "Rapport d'activité 2020 du Conservatoire national des arts et métiers" (in French). June 2021. pp. 9, 11.
  13. Hcéres, Rapport (16 July 2018). "Conservatoire national des arts et métiers - CNAM" (in French). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  14. Cnam. "Equipe pédagogique nationale Stratégies | EPN Stratégies | Cnam". EPN Stratégies (in French). Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  15. admin (5 February 2020). "DOSSIER / La fréquentation des musées et lieux de patrimoine en France, en 2019 (05/02/2020)". Club Innovation & Culture CLIC France (in French). Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  16. Michel Nusimovici, Les écoles de l'an III, 2010.
  17. 'LA CONVENTION ET LA CRÉATION DU CONSERVATOIRE' (in French)
  18. Le pendule de Foucault perd la boule
  19. Foucault's pendulum is sent crashing to Earth http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=411529
  20. The pendulum at the Pantheon is said to be a copy of the original that still hangs in an 11th-century chapel inside the Musée des Arts et Métiers.
  21. Cnam. "La Fondation du Cnam | Fondation du Cnam | Cnam". Fondation du Cnam (in French). Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  22. "Rapport Hcéres - Conservatoire national des arts et métiers - CNAM". 2018.
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  24. "François Schuiten – 30 ans d'aventures en images | Vente n°2429 | Lot n°5 | Artcurial". www.artcurial.com. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
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  79. Vandermonde : secret society of the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers.

References
  • Michel Nusimovici, Les écoles de l'an III, 2010

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