Muhammad of Negeri Sembilan

Tuanku Sir Muhammad Shah ibni Almarhum Tuanku Antah GCMG KCVO (25 April 1865 – 1 August 1933) was the seventh Yamtuan Besar of Seri Menanti, who ruled from 1888 to 1933. During his reign, Negeri Sembilan came under British protection in 1889 and became a Federated Malay State in 1895.

Muhammad
Tuanku Muhammad Shah (seated) with his bodyguards, 1903.
Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan
Reign1888 - 1933
PredecessorTuanku Antah
SuccessorTuanku Abdul Rahman
Born(1865-04-25)25 April 1865
Seri Menanti, Negeri Sembilan
Died1 August 1933(1933-08-01) (aged 68)
Seri Menanti, Negeri Sembilan
Burial
Seri Menanti Royal Mausoleum, Seri Menanti, Negeri Sembilan
IssueTunku Abdul Aziz
Tuanku Abdul Rahman
Tunku Laksamana Nasir
Tunku Muhammad Alam Shah
Names
Tunku Muhammad ibni Tunku Antah (at birth)
DynastyPagaruyung - House of Yamtuan Raden
FatherTuanku Antah ibni Almarhum Tuanku Radin
MotherCik Halima binti Uggoh
ReligionSunni Islam
Tuanku Muhammad Shah. The Tuanku Ja'afar Royal Gallery, Seremban

In June 1887, he was declared as Yam Tuan as recognised by British Authority. Sir Tuanku Muhammad Shah re-established the traditional constitution with the four Undang (Lawgivers) and, on 29 April 1898, he was duly elected (by the 4 Undang) as Yang-di-Pertuan Besar; the first election under the modern re-constituted Negeri Sembilan. He was installed on 7 May 1898 [1] at Seri Mĕnánti.

After a reign of 45 years, in 1933, he died at the age of 68 years. He was buried at the Seri Menanti Royal Mausoleum at Seri Menanti.

He is regarded as The Father of Negeri Sembilan Modernisation as well Sultan Sir Abu Bakar of Johor and Sultan Abdul Hamid of Kedah. After his death, an English school at Kuala Pilah (Tuanku Muhammad School) was renamed after him in his honour.

Government House, Singapore on 27 Mar 1890 : Yam Tuan Muhammad of Negeri Sembilan seated far right

He was the only King of Negeri Sembilan to have received the title 'Sir' from Queen Victoria. He was also the longest monarch of Negeri Sembilan history. Tuanku Muhammad was also the only King of Negeri Sembilan that involved in Durbar (Conference of Rulers) of Malay Federated States, with Sultan Idris of Perak, Sultan Abdul Samad of Selangor & Sultan Ahmad of Pahang. He is one of the founder of Malaysia's first institutional college, The Malay College Kuala Kangsar. His great-grandson, Tuanku Ja'afar also studied there while he was a teenager.

Tuanku Muhammad Shah, 1897, seated centre

Tuanku Muhammad is the King who built the both Istana Seri Menanti, one is changed to the Royal Museum Seri Menanti and the other one, Istana Besar Seri Menanti is remain as a palace (for Royal Ceremony only, the King stay at Istana Hinggap Seremban or Istana Negeri Sembilan in Kuala Lumpur).

1st Malayan Durbar (Federal Conference) 14 July 1897 in Kuala Kangsar; YamTuan Muhammad Shah seated second from right

Honours

References
  1. Birch, Ernest Woodford (1906). "Election and Installation of Tungku Muhammad, C.M.G. Bin Tungku Antah, as the Yang Di Per Tuan Bĕsár, Negri Sembilan". Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 46: 9 - 22.
  2. "No. 29608". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 June 1916. p. 5557.
  3. "No. 33675". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 December 1930. p. 5.


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