List of shtetls
This list of shtetls and shtots (eastern European towns and cities with significant pre-Holocaust Jewish populations) is organized by country.
Some villages that are listed at Yad Vashem have not been included here.
Shtetls
Belarus
Town | Yiddish Name | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Antopal | אנטיפאָליע | Antipolie | 1,792 (1921) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Byerazino | בערעזין | Berezin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Brahin | בראָהין | Brohin | Town survived. | |
Chawusy | ? | Choss | Town survived. | |
Davyd-Haradok | 4,350 (1940) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | ||
Hrodno | גראָדנע | Grodne | City survived. | |
Hlybokaye | גלובאָק | Glubok | Compare Lithuanian name Glubokas. Town survived. | |
Iwye | אייוויע | Eyvye | City survived. | |
Kamyenyets | קאַמעניץ | Kamenitz | Town survived. | |
Lakhwa | לאַכווע | Lakhve | Town survived. | |
Lyubavichi | ליובאַוויתש | Lyubavitsh | 967 (1926) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Luninets | לונינייץ | Luninyitz | Town survived. | |
Mahilyow | מאָלעוו | Molev | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Motal | מאָטעלע | Motele | 1,354 (1937) | Town survived. |
Obech | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |||
Polatsk | פּאָלאָצק | Polotsk | City survived. | |
Ruzhany | ראָזשינאָי | Rozhinoi | ~3,500 (1940) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Sapotskin | סאפעטקין | Sapetkin | 1,300 (1941) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Shklow | שקלאָוו | Shklov | 2,132 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Slonim | סלאָנים | Slonim | 10,000+ (1940) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Slutsk | סלוצק | Slutsk | 8,358 | City survived. Tens of thousands killed in the Slutsk affair. |
Stolin | סטאָלין | Stolin | 7,000+ (1940) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Turaw | טוראָוו | Turov | Compare Russian name Туров (Turov). Town survived. | |
Yaremichy[1] | 248 (in 1897) [1] | Belarusian: Ярэмічы. Russian: Еремичи. Town survived. |
Lithuania
Town | Yiddish Name | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Alytus | אליטע | Alite | City survived. | |
Anykščiai | אניקשט | Aniksht | 2,754 (1900) | Town survived. |
Balbieriškis | באלבירישאָק | Balbirishok | Town survived. | |
Biržai | בירזש | Birzh | 2,400 (1941) | Town was razed and made Judenfrei. Later rebuilt. |
Butrimonys | בוטרימאַנץ | Butrimantz | Town survived, but made Judenfrei | |
Dieveniškės | דיװענישאָק | Divenishok | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Eišiškės | איישישאָק | Eyshishok | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Gargždai | גאָרזשד | Gorzhd | City survived. | |
Jonava | יאָנאווא | Yonava | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Joniškėlis | יאָנישקעל | Yonishkel | City survived. | |
Josvainiai | יאָסווען | Yosven | 534 (1897) | Town survived. |
Jurbarkas | יורבורג | Yurburg | 1,887 (1931) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Kaišiadorys | קאָשעדאַר | Koshedar | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kalvarija | קאלוואריע | Kalvarye | City survived. | |
Kapčiamiestis | קאָפּטשעווע | Koptsheve | Town was destroyed and made Judenfrei. Later rebuilt. | |
Kėdainiai | קיידאן | Keydan | 3,000 (1941) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Kelmė | קעלם | Kelm | 2,710 (1897) | City survived. |
Klaipėda | מעמל | Meml | City survived. | |
Krakės | קראָק | Krok | Town survived. | |
Kražiai | קראָזש | Krozh | Town survived. | |
Kretinga | קרעטינגע | Kretinge | Town survived. | |
Kupiškis | קופישוק | Kupishuk | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kurkliai | קורקלע | Kurkle | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kvėdarna | כווידאן | Khvidan | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kybartai | קיבאַרט | Kibart | City survived. | |
Lazdijai | לאַזדיי | Ladzey | City survived. | |
Leipalingis | לייפּון | Leipun | Town survived. | |
Lygumai | ליגעם | Ligem | Town survived. | |
Marijampolė | מאַריאַמפּאָל | Mariampol | City survived. | |
Mažeikiai | מאַזשייק | Mazheik | City survived. | |
Merkinė | מערעטש | Meretsh | Town survived. | |
Nemenčinė | נעמענטשין | Nementshin | City survived. | |
Obeliai | אָבעל | Obel | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Pakruojis | פּאָקראָי | Pokroy | City survived. | |
Pandėlys | פּאָנעדעל | Ponedel | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Panemunė | פּאַנעמון | Panemun | City survived. | |
Panevėžys | פאָנעוועזש | Ponevezh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Pasvalys | פּאָסװאָל | Posvol | Town survived. | |
Pilviškiai | פילוושאָק | Pilvshok | Town survived. | |
Plungė | פלונגיאן | Plungyan | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Prienai | פּרען | Pren | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Rozalimas | ראָזאַליע | Rozalie | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Rudamina | רודאַמין | Rudamin | Town survived. | |
Rumšiškės | רומשישאָק | Rumshishok | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Salantai | סאַלאַנט | Salant | Town survived. | |
Seirijai | סעריי | Serey | Town survived. | |
Simnas | סימנע | Simne | City survived. | |
Skapiškis | סקאָפּישאָק | Skopishok | Town survived. | |
Skaudvilė | City survived. | |||
Stakliškės | סטאָקלישאָק | Stoklishok | Town survived. | |
Šeduva | שאַדעווע | Shadeve | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Šiaulėnai | שאַוולאַן | Shavlan | Town survived. | |
Šiauliai | שאוול | Shavl | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Švenčionys | סווינציאן | Svintzyan | Town survived. | |
Taujėnai | טאַוויאַן | Tavian | Town survived. | |
Tauragė | טווריק | Tavrik | City was destroyed and made Judenfrei. Later rebuilt. | |
Tauragnai | טאָראָגין | Taragin | Town survived. | |
Telšiai | טעלז | Telz | 2,800 (1939) | City survived. |
Troškūnai | טראַשקון | Trashkun | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Tryškiai | טרישיק | Trishik | Town survived. | |
Ukmergė | ווילקאָמיר | Vilkomir | City survived. | |
Utena | אוטיאן | Utyan | City survived. | |
Užpaliai | אוושפּאָל | Avshpol | 691 (1897) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Varėna | אָראן | Oran | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Varniai | וואָרנע | Vorne | City survived. | |
Vaškai | וואַשקי | Vashki | Town survived. | |
Veisiejai | וויסיי | Visey | Town survived. | |
Vilijampolė | סלאַבאָדקע | Slabodke | Town survived. | |
Virbalis | ווירבאלן | Virbaln | Town survived. | |
Vištytis | ווישינעץ | Vishtinetz | Town survived. | |
Žemaičių Naumiestis | ניישטאָט טאווריק | Neishtot Tavrik | Town survived. | |
Žagarė | זשאגאר | Zhagar | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Žasliai | זאָסלע | Zosle | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Žeimelis | זײמל | Zeiml | Town survived. | |
Želva | פּאָדזעלווע | Podzelve | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Židikai | זשידיק | Zhidik | Town survived. |
Poland
Town | Yiddish Name | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Będzin | בענדין | Bendin | City survived. | |
Bełchatów | בעלכאַטאָוו | Belkhatov | Town survived. | |
Białobrzegi | בזשאַלעבזשעג | Bzhalebzheg | Town survived. | |
Bielsk Podlaski | בילסק | Bilsk | Town survived. | |
Bircza | בערטש | Bertsh | Town survived. | |
Błażowa | בלאזשאָוו | Blazhov | Town survived. | |
Brzeźnica | ? | Bzhezhnitse | Town survived. | |
Brzozów | ברעזשאָוו | Brezhov | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Bukowsko | בוקאָווסק | Bukovsk | Town was destroyed and made Judenfrei. Rebuilt years later. | |
Bytom | City survived. | |||
Chełm | כעלם | Khelm | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Chęciny | חענטשין | Chentshin | 2,825 (1921) | Town survived. |
Chmielnik | כמעלניק | Khmelnik | 9,600+ (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Ciechanów | טשעכאַנאָוו | Tshekanov | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Czeladź | טשעלאַדזש | Tsheladzh | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Częstochowa | טשענסטאָכאָוו | Tshenstokhov | ~45,000 (1941) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Czyżew | Town survived. | |||
Dąbrowa Górnicza | דאַמבראָווע גורניטשע | Dambrove Gurnitshe | City survived. | |
Dąbrowa Tarnowska | באָמבראָוו | Dombrov | Town survived. | |
Dębica | דעמביץ | Dembits | Town survived. | |
Dukla | דיקלע | Dikle | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Dynów | דינאָוו | Dinov | ~1,274 (1921) | Town survived. |
Działoszyn | זאָלאָשין | Zoloshin | Town survived. | |
Frysztak | פֿריסטיק | Fristik | Town survived. | |
Gąbin | גאָמבין | Gombin | 2,564 (1921) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Głogów Małopolski | גלאָגעוו | Glogev | Town survived. | |
Głowaczów | גלאָגעוו | Glogev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Głowno | גלאָוונע | Glovne | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Gorlice | ? | Gorlitse | 5,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Gostynin | גאָסטינין | Gostinin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Góra Kalwaria | גער | Ger | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Grębów | ? | Grembov | Town survived. | |
Grodzisk Mazowiecki | גראָדזשיסק | Grodzhisk | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Hrubieszów | הרוביעשאָוו | Hrubyeshov | 5,679 (1921) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Iłża | ? | Driltsh | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Inowłódz | Town survived. | |||
Iwaniska | ? | Ivansk | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Jadów | יאַדאָוו | Yadov | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Janów Podlaski | יאַנעווע | Yaneve | Town survived. | |
Jarosław | יארעסלאוו | Yareslav | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Jasło | יאַסלע | Yasle | Town was razed and made Judenfrei. Rebuilt years later. | |
Jedwabne | יעדוואבנע | Yedvabne | 250 (1940) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. See Jedwabne pogrom. |
Kamieńsk | קאַמענסק | Kamensk | 1,163 (1917) | Town survived. |
Kańczuga | קאַנטשיק | Kantshik | Town survived. | |
Kielce | קעלץ | Kelts | 25,400 (1940) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Kiernozia | Town survived. | |||
Kleczew | ? | Kletsheva | Town survived. | |
Klimontów | קלעמענטאָוו | Klementov | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Knyszyn | קנישין | Knishin | City survived. | |
Kock | קאָצק | Kotsk | 2,200 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Kolbuszowa | קאלבושאב | Kolbushov | Town was destroyed and made Judenfrei. Rebuilt years later. | |
Kolno | קאָלנע | Kolne | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Konin | ? | Konin | 6,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Konstantynów Łódzki | קאָסניטין | Konsnitin | Town survived. | |
Korczyna | קארטשין | Kortshin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kozienice | קאָזניץ | Kozhnits | 5,000 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Krasnosielc | סילץ | Silts | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Krosno | ? | Krosno | Town survived. | |
Lelów | לעלאָוו | Lelov | Town was razed, later rebuilt. | |
Leżajsk | ליזשענסק | Lizhensk | 4,500 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Lipsk nad Biebrza | ליפּסק | Lipsk | Town survived. | |
Lubaczów | ליבעטשווו | Libetshuv | Town survived. | |
Łańcut | לאנצוט | Lantsut | 2,750 (1939) | Town survived. |
Łask | לאָסק | Losk | Town survived. | |
Łomża | לאָמזשע | Lomzhe | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Łosice | לאָשיץ | Loshits | 6,800 (1942) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Majdan Królewski | ? | Maidan | Town survived. | |
Międzyrzec Podlaski | מעזריטש | Mezritsh | ~12,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Mielec | מעליץ | Melits | 2,800 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Mińsk Mazowiecki | נאווא־מינסק | Novo-Minsk | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Mława | מלאווע | Mlave | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Mstów | ? | Omstov | Town survived. | |
Mszczonów | אמשינאָוו | Amshinov | Town survived. | |
Niebylec | ? | Nebelits | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki | נאָווידוואָר | Novidvor | 9,000+ (1939) | Town survived. |
Nowy Korczyn | נײַשטאָט | Nayshtot | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Nowy Sącz | צאנז | Tsanz | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Nowy Żmigród | זמיגראָד | Zhmigrod | 2,000 (1942) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Nur | ? | Nur | Town survived. | |
Olkusz | עלקיש | Elkish | Town survived. | |
Opatów | אפטא | Apta | 5,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Opoczno | אפאטשנא | Opotshna | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Osjaków | ? | Shakev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Ostrołęka | אסטראלענקע | Ostrolenke | City survived. | |
Ostrów Mazowiecka | אָסטרעווע | Ostreve | 10,471 (1897) | Town survived. |
Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski | אסטראווצע | Ostrovtse | ~10,000 (1943) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Ożarów | אָזשאראָוו | Ozharov | Town survived. | |
Pabianice | פּאביאניץ | Pabyanits | 9,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Pilica | פילץ | Pilts | 1,877 (1921) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Pilzno | ? | Pilzno | Town survived. | |
Piotrków Trybunalski | פעטריקעוו | Petrikev | 25,000 (1938) | City survived. |
Płock | פלוצק | Plutsk | City survived. | |
Połaniec | פּלאַנטש | Plantsh | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Przemyśl | פשעמישל | Pshemishl | City survived. | |
Przeworsk | פּרשעוואָרסק | Prshevorsk | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Radom | ראָדעם | Rodem | 11,200 (1897) | City survived. |
Radomsko | ראַדאָמסק | Radomsk | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Radomyśl Wielki | גרויס־ראַדאָמישל | Groys-Radomishl | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. | |
Radziłów | (ע)ראַדזשילעוו | Radzshilev(e) | 500 (1940) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. See Radziłów pogrom. |
Radzyń Podlaski | ראדזין | Rodzin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Raniżów | ? | Ranizov | Town survived. | |
Ropczyce | ראָפשיץ | Ropshits | 1,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Różan | ? | Rozhan | 1,800 (1939) | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. |
Rozwadów | ראָזוועדאָוו | Rozvedov | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. | |
Rymanów | רימענעוו | Rimenev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Rzeszów | ריישע | Reyshe | 14,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Sanniki | 300 (1939) | Town survived. | ||
Sandomierz | צויזמיר | Tsoyzmir | Town survived. | |
Sanok | סאָניק | Sonik | Town survived. | |
Sędziszów Małopolski | שענדישעוו | Shendishev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Sejny | סייני | Seini | 399 (1921) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Sławków | ? | Slavkov | Town survived. | |
Sochocin | ? | Sochatshin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Sokołów Małopolski | ? | Sokolov | 1,600 (1939) | Town survived. |
Sompolno | סאַמפּאָלנע | Sampolne | Town survived. | |
Sosnowiec | סאָסנאָוויץ | Sosnovits | City survived. | |
Staszów | סטאַשעוו | Stashev | Town survived. | |
Strzyżów | סטריזשעוו | Strizhev | Town survived. | |
Supraśl | סופּראַסליע | Surpasliv | Town survived. | |
Suwałki | סוואלק | Svalk | 7,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Szczebrzeszyn | שעברעשין | Shebreshin | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Szczerców | שטערצעוו | Shtertsev | Town was destroyed and rebuilt years later. | |
Szczuczyn | שצוצין | Shtsutsin | ~2,522 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. See Szczuczyn pogrom. |
Tarnobrzeg | דזשיקאוו | Dzhikov | City survived. | |
Tarnogród | טאַרניגראָד | Tarnigrod | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Tarnów | טארנע | Tarne | 25,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Tyrawa Wołoska | טערעווע | Tereve | Town survived. | |
Tomaszów Mazowiecki | טאָמעשעוו | Tomeshev | Town survived. | |
Trzcianne | טרעסטיני | Trestini | 2,500 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Tyczyn | ? | Titshin | 2,000 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Tykocin | טיקטין | Tiktin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Ulanów | אילענעוו | Ilenev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Warta | דווארט | Dvart | Town survived. | |
Wielkie Oczy | ? | Vilkatsh | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Włoszczowa | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |||
Wojsławice | וואיסלאוויץ | Voyslavits | Town survived. | |
Wysokie Mazowieckie | וויסאקע-מאזאוויעצק | Visoke-Mazovietsk | Town survived. | |
Wyszogród | װישאגראד | Vishogrod | Town survived. | |
Zabłudów | זאבלודאָווע | Zabludove | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Zaklików | ? | Zaklikuv | Town survived. | |
Zakroczym | זאקראָטשין | Zakrotshin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Zambrów | זעמבראווע | Zembrove | Town survived. | |
Zduńska Wola | זדינסקע־וואָליע | Zdinske-Volye | Town survived. | |
Zelów | ? | Zelav | 2,000 (1939) | Town survived. |
Zgierz | זגערזש | Zgerzh | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Żołynia | זשעלין | Zhelin | Town survived. | |
Żabno | ? | Zhabno | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Ukraine
Town | Yiddish Name | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | |||
Ananiv | אנאניעוו | Ananiev | City survived. | |
Bibrka | בוברקא | Bubrka | 2,000 (1941) | City survived. |
Belz | בעלז | Belz | 3,600 (1914) | City survived. |
Berdychiv | בארדיטשעוו | Barditshev | 41,617 (1897) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Berehove | בערעגסאז | Beregsaz | City survived. | |
Berezdiv | בערעזדיוו | Berezdiv | Town survived. | |
Berezhany | ברעזשאן | Brezhan | ~8,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Bila Tserkva | שוואַרץ־טומאה | Shvarts-Tumah | City survived, but made Judenfrei. See Bila Tserkva massacre. | |
Boiany | בויאן | Boyan | Town survived. | |
Bolekhiv | באָלעכאָוו | Bolekhov | ~3,000 (1940) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Boryslav | באָריסלאוו | Borislav | City survived. | |
Borzna | באָרזנע | Borzne | Town survived. | |
Brody | בראָד | Brod | ~9,000 (1941) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Bratslav | בראָסלעוו | Broslev | Town survived. | |
Buchach | ביטשאָטש | Bitshotsh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Budaniv | בודזאנאוו | Budzanov | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Bukachivtsi | בוקיטשעוויץ | Bukitshevits | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Burshtyn | בורשטין | Burshtin | 1,700 (1942) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Chernihiv | טשערניִעוו | Tsherniev | 11,000 (1897) | City survived. |
Chopovychi | ? | Chopovitsh | Town survived. | |
Chornobyl | טשערנאָבל | Tshernobl | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Chortkiv | טשאָרטקאָוו | Tshortkov | City survived. | |
Deliatyn | דעלאטין | Delatin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Derazhnia | ? | Derazhnie | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Dolyna | דאָלינא | Dolina | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Drohobych | דראָהאָביטש | Drohobitsh | 15,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Dunaivtsi | דינעוויץ | Dinevits | City survived. | |
Hornostaipil | הורנסטייפל | Hornsteypl | Town survived. | |
Horodenka | האָראָדענקע | Horodenke | City survived. | |
Horodok | גרײַדינג | Greiding | ~5,000 (1941) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Husiatyn | הוסיאטין | Husyatin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Justingrad | יוסטינגראָד | Yustingrod | Town was destroyed and made Judenfrei. | |
Kalush | קאַלעש | Kalesh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kalynivka | קאַלענעווקע | Kalenevke | Town survived. | |
Kamianets-Podilskyi | קאמענעץ־פאָדאָלסק | Kamenets-Podolsk | City survived. See Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre. | |
Khorostkiv | כראָסקעוו | Khroskev | City (then-town) survived. | |
Khotyn | חוטין | Chutin | City survived. | |
Kolky | קאָלק | Kolk | City survived. | |
Kolomyia | קאָלאָמיי | Kolomey | 16,568 (1900) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Korolevo | קיראַלהאַז | Kiralhaz | City survived. | |
Kopychyntsi | קאָפיטשיניץ | Kopitshinits | City survived. | |
Kosiv | קאָסאָוו | Kosov | 3,700 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Kovel | קאָוועל | Kovel | City survived. | |
Kremenets | קרעמעניץ | Kremenits | 15,000+ (1941) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Krasnostav | Town destroyed and made Judenfrei. | |||
Kupil | קופּעל | Kupel | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Kuty | קיטעוו | Kitev | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Letychiv | לעטיטשעוו | Letitshev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Lityn | ליטין | Litin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Liubar | לובער | Luber | City survived. | |
Lozisht | Town was destroyed and made Judenfrei. | |||
Lutsk | לוצק | Lutsk | 17,500 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Makariv | מעקאַרעוו | Mekarev | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Makhnivka | מאַכניװקאַ | Makhnivka | 843 (1939) | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Mariiampil | ? | Mariampol | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Medzhybizh | מעזשביזש | Mezhbizh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Mlyniv | מלינוב | Mlinuv | About 2000 | City survived. |
Mukachevo | מונקאטש | Munkatsh | 15,000 (1944) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Nadvirna | נאדוואָרנא | Nadvorna | 2,042 (1921) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Nemyriv | נעמאַרעוו | Nemarev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Nizhyn | ניעזשין | Niezhin | City survived. | |
Olesko | אָלעקס | Oleks | 738 (1935) | City survived. |
Olyka | אָליק | Olik | 2,086 (1921) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Otyniia | אָטיניא | Otinya | City survived. | |
Pavoloch | פאוואָליטש | Pavolitsh | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. See Pavoloch massacre. | |
Pidhaitsi | פּידײַיִץ | Pidayits | 2,827 (1931) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Pidkamin | ? | Podkamen | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Plyskiv | פּליסקעוו | Pliskev | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Pohrebyshche | פּאָרעבישטש | Porebishtsh | City survived. | |
Polonne | פאָלאָנע | Polone | City survived. | |
Poninka | ? | Poninke | City survived. | |
Probizhna | פראָבוזנא | Probuzna | Town survived. | |
Pryluky | פּרילוק | Priluk | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Rava-Ruska | ראווע | Rave | City survived. | |
Rohatyn | רוהאטין | Ruhatin | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Rivne | ראוונע | Ravne | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Ruzhyn | ריזשן | Rizhn | 1,108 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Sadhora | סאדיגאָרא | Sadigora | 5,000 (1914) | Town survived. |
Sambir | סאמבאָר | Sambor | City survived. | |
Savran | ? | Savran | 3,198 (1900) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Seliatyn | Town survived. | |||
Sharhorod | שריגרוד | Shrigrud | City survived. | |
Shepetivka | שעפעטיוקע | Shepetivke | City survived. | |
Shpola | שפאָלע | Shpole | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Shpykiv | שפּיקעוו | Shpikev | City survived. | |
Skala-Podilska | סקאַלע | Skale | City survived. | |
Skalat | סקאלאט | Skalat | Town survived. | |
Slavuta | סלאוויטא | Slovita | City survived. | |
Sniatyn | ? | Shnyatin | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Sosnove | סלוטש-גדול | Slutsh-Gadol | City survived. | |
Stara Syniava | אַלט־סיניאָווע | Alt-Siniove | City survived. | |
Starokostiantyniv | אַלט־קאָסנטין | Alt-Kosntin | 6,743 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Stepan | סטעפּיען | Stepien | 1,854 (1900) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Storozhynets | שטראזשניץ | Shtrozhnits | 2,480 (1930) | City survived. |
Stryi | סטרי | Stri | 11,000 (1939) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Tarashcha | טאַראַשטשע | Tarashtshe | City survived. | |
Teofipol | טשאן | Tshan | City survived. | |
Terebovlia | טרעבעוולע | Trebevle | City survived. | |
Tetiiv | טיטיעוו | Titiev | City survived. | |
Tlumach | טאלמיטש | Tolmitsh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Tovste | טויסט | Toyst | City survived. | |
Trochenbrod | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |||
Trostianets | טראָסטיניץ | Trostinits | City survived. | |
Ulashkivtsi | לאַשקעוויץ | Lashkevits | Town survived. | |
Uman | אומאן | Uman | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Uzhhorod | אונגװיר | Ungvir | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Voinyliv | City survived. | |||
Volochysk | וואָלאָטשיסק | Volotshisk | City survived. | |
Vyshnivets | ווישניפֿיץ | Vishnifits | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Vyzhnytsia | וויזשניץ | Vizhnits | Town survived. | |
Yavoriv | יאַוואָראָוו | Yavorov | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Yabluniv | יאַבלאָנעוו | Yablonev | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Yahilnytsia | ייִגאָלניצע | Yigolnitse | Town survived. | |
Yazlovets | ? | Yazlivitz | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Zabolotiv | זאַבלאָטאָוו | Zablotov | City survived. | |
Zalishchyky | זאַלישטשיק | Zalishtshik | City survived. | |
Zbarazh | זבאראזש | Zbarazh | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Zhmerynka | זשמערינקע | Zhmerinke | City survived. | |
Zhovkva | זשאָלקווע | Zholkve | Town survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Zhydachiv | זשידעטשויוו | Zhidetshoiv | 950 (1929) | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Zinkiv | זענקעוו | Zenkev | City survived. | |
Zlatopil | זלאַטאָפּאָליע | Zlatopolie | City survived, but made Judenfrei. | |
Zolochiv | זלאָטשעװ | Zlotshev | City survived, but made Judenfrei. |
Others
Current country | Town | Yiddish name | Pre-Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | ||||
![]() |
Sátoraljaújhely | איהעל | Ihel | 4,500 (1905)[2] | |
![]() |
Riebiņi[3] | ריבינישאָק | Ribinishok | 533 (1897) | |
![]() |
Višķi | ווישקי | Vishki | ||
![]() |
Zgurița | זגוריצה | Zguritza | 1,802 (1897) | |
![]() |
Căușeni | 1,675 (1897) | |||
![]() |
Gura Humorului | גוראַ הומאָראַ | Gura Humora | ||
![]() |
Rădăuți | ראַדעוויץ | Radevitz | ||
![]() |
Bardejov | באַרדיאָב | Bardyov |
Shtots
Current country | City | Yiddish name | Pre–Holocaust Jewish population | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | Latin | ||||
![]() | Vienna[4] | װין | Vin | 166,000[5] | Compare German endonym 'Wien' |
![]() | Bobruisk[6] | באַברויסק | Babruisk | 21,558[7] | |
![]() | Brest[8] | בריסק | Brisk | 30,000[9] | |
![]() | Minsk[10] | מינסק | Minsk | 90,000[11] | |
![]() | Pinsk[12] | פינסק | Pinsk | 20,200[13] | |
![]() | Vitebsk[14] | וויטעבסק | Vitebsk | 34,400[15] | |
![]() | Prague[16] | פּראָג | Prog | 56,000[17] | |
![]() | Frankfurt[18] | פֿראַנקפורט | Frankfurt | 26,158[19] | |
![]() | Budapest[20] | בודאַפעשט | Budapesht | 184,000[21] | |
![]() | Daugavpils[22] | דווינסק | Dvinsk | 11,106[23] | Named Dvinsk from 1893-1920 |
![]() | Riga[24] | ריגע | Rige | 43,672[25] | |
![]() | Kaunas[26] | קאָװנע | Kovne | 38,000[27] | Compare Polish name Kowno |
![]() | Vilnius[28] | װילנע | Vilne | 55,000[29] | |
![]() | Chişinău[30] | קישינעװ | Kishinev | 70,000[31] | Compare Russian name Kishinov |
![]() | Białystok[32] | ביאַליסטאָק | Byalistok | 40,000[33] | |
![]() | Gdańsk[34] | דאַנציג | Dantzig | Compare German name Danzig | |
![]() | Kraków[35] | קראָקע | Kroke | 60,000[36] | |
![]() | Łódź[37] | לאָדזש | Lodzh | 223,000[38] | |
![]() | Lublin[39] | לובלין | Lublin | 40,000[40] | |
![]() | Poznań[41] | פּױזן | Poyzn | Compare German name Posen | |
![]() | Warsaw[42] | װאַרשע | Varshe | 400,000[43] | |
![]() | Wrocław[44] | ברעסלוי | Bresloy | 10,309[45] | Compare German name Breslau |
![]() | Bucharest[46] | בוקאַרעשט | Bukaresht | 100,000[47] | |
![]() | Cluj-Napoca[48] | קלויזענבורג | Kloyzenburg | 16,763[49] | Compare German name Klausenburg |
![]() | Iaşi[50] | יאַס | Yas | 51,000[51] | |
![]() | Kaliningrad | קעניגסבערג | Kenigsberg | 5,500[1] | Compare former German name Königsburg |
![]() | Moscow | מאָסקווע | Moskve | 250,000[52] | |
![]() | Saint Petersburg | פעטערבורג/לענינגראַד | Peterburg/Leningrad | 200,000[53] | Named Leningrad in 1924-1991 |
![]() | Smolensk | סמאָלענסק | Smolensk | 3,000[1] | |
![]() | Bratislava[54] | פרעסבורג | Presburg | 14,882[55] | Compare German name Preßburg |
![]() | Chernivtsi[56] | טשערנאָוויץ | Tshernovitz | 50,000[57] | |
![]() | Dnipropetrovsk | קאַטערינעסלאַוו | Katerineslav | 100,000[58] | Named Катериносла́в (Katerynosláv) until 1929 |
![]() | Ivano-Frankivsk | סטאַניסלאװ | Stanislav | 30,000[59] | Named Stanisławów until 1962 |
![]() | Kyiv[60] | קיִעװ | Kiev | 175,000[61] | |
![]() | Kharkiv | כֿאַרקעוו | Kharkev | 130,200[62] | |
![]() | Khmelnytskyi[63] | פּראָסקערעוו | Proskerev | 13,500[64] | Named Проску́рів (Proskúriv) until 1954 |
![]() | Lviv[65] | לעמבערג | Lemberg | 150,000[66] | Compare German name Lemberg |
![]() | Odessa[67] | אַדעס | Ades | 180,000[68] | |
![]() | Ternopil[69] | טאַרנעפּאָל | Tarnepol | 18,000[70] | |
![]() | Vinnitsa[71] | וויניצע | Vinitze | 21,812[72] | |
![]() | Zhytomyr[73] | זשיטאָמיר | Zhitomir | 30,000[74] |
References
- "Technical Problem Form". www.jewishgen.org.
- Jewish Encyclopedia Bibliography: Albert Székely, Ujhelyi Zsidók Története, in Magyarország Vármegyéi és Városai (in manuscript)
- Meler, Meyer (2006). Jewish Cemeteries in Latvia. Riga: Jewish Religious Community "Shamir". p. 83. ISBN 9984-19-904-5.
- "VIENNA - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "BOBRUISK - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "BREST-LITOVSK - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "MINSK - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "PINSK - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "VITEBSK - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- Joshua D. Zimmerman, Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, ISBN 0-299-19464-7, Google Print, p.16
- "PRAGUE - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "BUDAPEST - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "DVINSK - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.js?artid=291&letter=R
- "KOVNO - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "WILNA - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "KISHINEF (KISHINEV) - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "BABYLONISH GARMENT - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- Feierstein, Daniel (2005). "The Jewish Resistance Movements in the Ghettos of Eastern Europe". In Sterling, Eric J. (ed.). Life in the Ghettos During the Holocaust. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. p. 226. ISBN 0-8156-0803-9.
- "DANZIG - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "CRACOW - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "LODZ (LODZI) - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "LUBLIN - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "WARSAW - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "SILESIA - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "BUCHAREST - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "KLAUSENBURG (KOLOZSVÁR) - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "JASSY (Jaschi) - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "A Brief History of the Moscow Community". kehilalinks.jewishgen.org.
- "YIVO | Saint Petersburg". yivoencyclopedia.org.
- "PRESBURG - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "CZERNOWITZ - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "KIEV - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "PROSKUROV - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "LEMBERG - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "ODESSA - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "TARNOPOL - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "VINNITSA (VINITZA) - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
- "ZHITOMIR (JITOMIR) - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com.
External links
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