List of interstate wars since 1945

This is a list of interstate wars since 1945. Interstate warfare has been defined as military conflict between separate states over a territory.[1] This does not include civil wars and wars of independence, or smaller clashes with limited casualties (less than 100 combat deaths). The largest interstate war in history, World War II, involved most of the world's countries, after which the United Nations (UN) was established in 1945 to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts.[2] The period of the Cold War (1945–1991) was marked by the absence of major wars between the great powers of the period, the United States and the Soviet Union.[3][4][5] However, when the Cold War ended the same trends continued in what has also been called the "New Peace".[6] Overall, the number of international wars decreased from a rate of six per year in the 1950s to one per year in the 2000s, and the number of fatalities decreased from 240 reported deaths per million to less than 10 reported deaths per million.[7][8]

List

The aggressor state is bolded when applicable.

Start	Finish	Name of conflict	State belligerents		Combat deaths
Start	Finish	Name of conflict	Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)	Min estimate	Max estimate
22 October 1947	5 January 1949	Indo-Pakistani War of 1947	India (Ceasefire)	Pakistan (Ceasefire)	2,604	7,500
14 May 1948	10 March 1949	1948 Arab–Israeli War	Israel	Egypt Iraq Transjordan Syria Lebanon Saudi Arabia Yemen	13,073	26,373
13 September 1948	18 September 1948	Operation Polo	India	Royal State of Hyderabad	32,190	202,190
25 June 1950	27 July 1953[9] (effective end), technically ongoing	Korean War	(stalemate)[10] UN Command: South Korea United States United Kingdom Australia Belgium Canada France Philippines Colombia Ethiopia Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand South Africa Thailand Turkey	(stalemate) North Korea China Soviet Union	2,568,927	4,096,927
3 September 1954	1 May 1955	First Taiwan Strait Crisis	China	Republic of China United States	914	1054
1 November 1955	30 April 1975	Vietnam War	North Vietnam FNL Khmer Rouge Khmer Issarak Pathet Lao China North Korea Soviet Union	South Vietnam United States South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand Laos Khmer Republic Philippines	1,326,494	3,447,494
29 October 1956	7 November 1956	Suez Crisis	Israel[11][12] United Kingdom France	Egypt[13]	2,848	4,198
23 October 1957	30 June 1958	Ifni War	Spain France	Morocco	1,197
1961	1961	Bay of Pigs Invasion	Cuba	United States DRF	2,298
1961	1961	Bizerte crisis	France	Tunisia	654	657
19 December 1961	15 August 1962	Operation Trikora	Indonesia	Netherlands	223
1962	1962	Sino-Indian War	China	India	2,105	6,197
1963	1963	Sand War	Morocco	Algeria	69	500
1963	1966	Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation	Malaysia United Kingdom Australia New Zealand	Indonesia	874
1965	1965	Indo-Pakistani War of 1965	India (Inconclusive)	Pakistan (Inconclusive)	6,800	13,459
1966	1969	Korean DMZ Conflict	South Korea United States	North Korea	739
1967	1967	Six-Day War	Israel[14]	Egypt Syria Jordan Arab Expeditionary Forces: Iraq Saudi Arabia Morocco Algeria Libya Kuwait Tunisia Sudan	12,336	19,264
1967	1970	War of Attrition	Israel	Egypt Soviet Union Cuba Jordan Syria	6,442	14,290
1968	1968	Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia	Soviet Union Bulgaria East Germany Hungary Poland	Czechoslovakia	254
1969	1969	Football War	El Salvador	Honduras	3,000
1969	1969	Sino-Soviet border conflict	China (Statu quo ante bellum)	Soviet Union (Statu quo ante bellum)	132	860
1971	1971	Indo-Pakistani War of 1971	India[15][16][17]	Pakistan	11,500	12,843
1973	1973	Yom Kippur War	Israel	Egypt Syria Combat support: Iraq Jordan Algeria[18] Cuba[19][20] Morocco[21]	10,521	21,300
1974	1974	Turkish invasion of Cyprus	Turkey	Cyprus Greece	6,009	9,509
1974	1975	1974–75 Shatt al-Arab clashes	Iran	Iraq	1,000+
7 December 1975	17 July 1976	Indonesian invasion of East Timor	Indonesia	East Timor	51,000+
1975	1989	Cambodian–Vietnamese War	Vietnam People's Republic of Kampuchea	Democratic Kampuchea Thailand United States	270,000	297,000
1977	1977	Libyan–Egyptian War	Egypt	Libya	500
1977	1978	Ogaden War	Ethiopia Cuba South Yemen Soviet Union	Somali Democratic Republic	39,836
1978	1979	Uganda–Tanzania War	Tanzania Mozambique	Uganda Libya	4,135	4,323
1978	1987	Chadian–Libyan conflict	Chad France	Libya	8,500+
1979	1979	Yemenite War of 1979	North Yemen	South Yemen	1,084
1979	1979	Sino-Vietnamese War	Vietnam	China	36,945	175,000
1980	1988	Iran–Iraq War	Iran[22]	Iraq	405,000	1,200,000
2 April 1982	14 June 1982	Falklands War	United Kingdom	Argentina	907
18 April 1983	1983	Chadian–Nigerian War	Nigeria	Chad	100+
25 October 1983	29 October 1983	Invasion of Grenada	United States Antigua and Barbuda Barbados Dominica Jamaica Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Grenada Cuba	102
25 December 1985	30 December 1985	Agacher Strip War	Mali	Burkina Faso	142
9 April 1989	18 July 1991	Mauritania–Senegal Border War	Mauritania	Senegal	200+
20 December 1989	31 January 1990	United States invasion of Panama	United States	Panama	540	3,338
1990	1991	Gulf War	Kuwait United States United Kingdom Saudi Arabia France Italy Canada Australia Egypt Syria Qatar	Iraq	29,231	59,231
1992	12 May 1994	First Nagorno-Karabakh War	Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Armenia	Azerbaijan	37,413	56,000
1995	1995	Cenepa War	Peru	Ecuador	84	410
1998	2000	Eritrean–Ethiopian War	Ethiopia	Eritrea	53,000	300,000
1999	1999	NATO bombing of Yugoslavia	NATO	FR Yugoslavia	796	3,011
1999	1999	Kargil War	India	Pakistan	884	5,600
2000	2000	Six-Day War	Rwanda	Uganda	4,051+
2001	2001	United States invasion of Afghanistan	United States United Kingdom Canada Australia	Afghanistan
2003	2003	2003 invasion of Iraq	United States United Kingdom Australia Poland	Iraq	10,996 –	52,456
2008	2008	Russo-Georgian War	Russia South Ossetia Abkhazia	Georgia	730	737
2011	2011	2011 military intervention in Libya	NATO Qatar Sweden United Arab Emirates	Libya	72	403+
2012	2012	Heglig Crisis	Sudan	South Sudan	316	1,485
2013	Ongoing	Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war	Israel	Iran Syria	645	671
2014	Ongoing	Russo-Ukrainian War	Ukraine (Ongoing)	Russia (Ongoing) In Donbas: Donetsk People's Republic Luhansk People's Republic	13,780
2014	Ongoing	American-led intervention in the Syrian civil war	United States	Syria Russia Iran	192+
2016	2016	2016 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes	Azerbaijan	Republic of Artsakh Armenia	137	2,060
2020	2020	Operation Spring Shield	Turkey	Syria Iran	238	446
2020	2020	Second Nagorno-Karabakh war	Azerbaijan	Armenia Artsakh	7,726
24 February 2022	Ongoing	Russian invasion of Ukraine Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War	Ukraine (Ongoing)	Russia (Ongoing) In Donbas: Donetsk People's Republic Luhansk People's Republic	7143+ (ongoing)	68000+ (ongoing)

References

Ray, James Lee (2002). "Does Interstate War Have A Future?". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 19 (1): 53–80. ISSN 0738-8942.
"History of the UN | United Nations Seventieth Anniversary". www.un.org. Retrieved 2022-03-09.
Gaddis, John Lewis (1989). The Long Peace: Inquiries Into the History of the Cold War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-504335-9.
Saperstein, Alvin M. (March 1991). "The "Long Peace"— Result of a Bipolar Competitive World?". The Journal of Conflict Resolution. 35 (1): 68–79. doi:10.1177/0022002791035001004. S2CID 153738298.
Duffield, John S. (2009). "Explaining the Long Peace in Europe: the contributions of regional security regimes". Review of International Studies. 20 (4): 369–388. doi:10.1017/S0260210500118170. ISSN 0260-2105.
Fettweis, Christopher J. (2017). "Unipolarity, Hegemony, and the New Peace". Security Studies. 26 (3): 423–451. doi:10.1080/09636412.2017.1306394. ISSN 0963-6412. S2CID 148993870.
Freedman, Lawrence (2014). "Stephen Pinker and the long peace: alliance, deterrence and decline". Cold War History. 14 (4): 657–672. doi:10.1080/14682745.2014.950243. ISSN 1468-2745. S2CID 154846757.
Human Security Research Group, Simon Fraser University (2013). "Human Security Report 2013: The Decline in Global Violence" (PDF). Retrieved 11 November 2018.
US State Department statement regarding "Korea: Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission" and the Armistice Agreement "which ended the Korean War."
"The Korean War (article) | 1950s America". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
"Israel Routs Egypt"
"Israel invades Egypt; Suez Crisis begins"
"Nasser lost the war in military terms"
"Six-Day War"
Lyon, Peter (2008). Conflict between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-57607-712-2. India's decisive victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war and emergence of independent Bangladesh dramatically transformed the power balance of South Asia
Kemp, Geoffrey (2010). The East Moves West India, China, and Asia's Growing Presence in the Middle East. Brookings Institution Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8157-0388-4. However, India's decisive victory over Pakistan in 1971 led the Shah to pursue closer relations with India
Byman, Daniel (2005). Deadly connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism. Cambridge University Press. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-521-83973-0. India's decisive victory in 1971 led to the signing of the Simla Agreement in 1972
Shazly, p. 278.
Perez, Louis A. (2014). Cuba Between Reform And Revolution (Paperback ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0199301447. Cuba also dispatched combat troops to Syria in 1973 during the Yom Kipur War
Gott, Cuba, A New History, p. 280.
Tobji, Mahjoub (2006). Les officiers de Sa Majesté: Les dérives des généraux marocains 1956–2006. 107: Fayard. ISBN 978-2213630151.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
"Iran 'won' the war with Iraq but at a heavy price". Atlantic Council. 2021-09-22. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

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[1] Ray, James Lee (2002). "Does Interstate War Have A Future?". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 19 (1): 53–80. ISSN 0738-8942.

[2] "History of the UN | United Nations Seventieth Anniversary". www.un.org. Retrieved 2022-03-09.

[Gaddis1989-3] Gaddis, John Lewis (1989). The Long Peace: Inquiries Into the History of the Cold War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-504335-9.

[Saperstein1991-4] Saperstein, Alvin M. (March 1991). "The "Long Peace"— Result of a Bipolar Competitive World?". The Journal of Conflict Resolution. 35 (1): 68–79. doi:10.1177/0022002791035001004. S2CID 153738298.

[Duffield2009-5] Duffield, John S. (2009). "Explaining the Long Peace in Europe: the contributions of regional security regimes". Review of International Studies. 20 (4): 369–388. doi:10.1017/S0260210500118170. ISSN 0260-2105.

[Fettweis2017-6] Fettweis, Christopher J. (2017). "Unipolarity, Hegemony, and the New Peace". Security Studies. 26 (3): 423–451. doi:10.1080/09636412.2017.1306394. ISSN 0963-6412. S2CID 148993870.

[Freedman2014-7] Freedman, Lawrence (2014). "Stephen Pinker and the long peace: alliance, deterrence and decline". Cold War History. 14 (4): 657–672. doi:10.1080/14682745.2014.950243. ISSN 1468-2745. S2CID 154846757.

[HSC2013-8] Human Security Research Group, Simon Fraser University (2013). "Human Security Report 2013: The Decline in Global Violence" (PDF). Retrieved 11 November 2018.

[9] US State Department statement regarding "Korea: Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission" and the Armistice Agreement "which ended the Korean War."

[10] "The Korean War (article) | 1950s America". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2022-03-18.

[11] "Israel Routs Egypt"

[12] "Israel invades Egypt; Suez Crisis begins"

[13] "Nasser lost the war in military terms"

[14] "Six-Day War"

[Lyon-15] Lyon, Peter (2008). Conflict between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-57607-712-2. India's decisive victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war and emergence of independent Bangladesh dramatically transformed the power balance of South Asia

[Kemp-16] Kemp, Geoffrey (2010). The East Moves West India, China, and Asia's Growing Presence in the Middle East. Brookings Institution Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8157-0388-4. However, India's decisive victory over Pakistan in 1971 led the Shah to pursue closer relations with India

[Byman-17] Byman, Daniel (2005). Deadly connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism. Cambridge University Press. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-521-83973-0. India's decisive victory in 1971 led to the signing of the Simla Agreement in 1972

[Shazly_p.278-18] Shazly, p. 278.

[19] Perez, Louis A. (2014). Cuba Between Reform And Revolution (Paperback ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 300. ISBN 978-0199301447. Cuba also dispatched combat troops to Syria in 1973 during the Yom Kipur War

[20] Gott, Cuba, A New History, p. 280.

[tobji-21] Tobji, Mahjoub (2006). Les officiers de Sa Majesté: Les dérives des généraux marocains 1956–2006. 107: Fayard. ISBN 978-2213630151.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[22] "Iran 'won' the war with Iraq but at a heavy price". Atlantic Council. 2021-09-22. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

List of interstate wars since 1945

List

See also

References