List of Asian animals extinct in the Holocene
The list of extinct animals of Asia features the animals that have become extinct along the history in the Asian continent. This list only involves extinctions of the Holocene epoch.
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Map of Asia
Global Holocene extinctions
Mammalia
Prehistoric extinctions (beginning of the Holocene to 1500 CE)
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cave lion Panthera spelaea |
10000 BC |
Northern Asia and had a widespread across Europe and Southern Asia |  |
| Chinese elephant Elephas maximus rubridens |
1500 BC |
Eastern China | -- |
| Cyprus dwarf hippopotamus Hippopotamus minor |
Unknown |
Cyprus |  |
| Giant tapir Tapirus augustus |
2000 BC |
China |  |
| Giant deer Megaloceros giganteus |
5700 BC[1] |
Northern Asia |  |
| Stegodon Stegodon florensis insularis |
2150 BC |
Indonesia (Flores) and Philippine Islands |  |
| Steppe wisent Bison priscus |
3400 BC[2] |
Central Asia to Siberia |  |
| Syrian elephant Elephas maximus asurus |
100 BC |
Middle East |  |
| Woolly mammoth Mammuthus primigenius |
2000 BC |
Northern Asia |  |
| Woolly rhinoceros Coelodonta antiquitatis |
10000 BC |
Northern Asia |  |
Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aurochs Bos primigenius[3] |
India (13th century AD), Eurasia (1627) |
Northern Asia and Indian Subcontinent |  |
| Bali tiger Panthera tigris sondaica[4] |
1940s |
Indonesia (Bali) |  |
| Buhler's coryphomys Coryphomys buehleri[5] |
1500s |
Indonesia (Timor) | -- |
| Caspian tiger Panthera tigris tigris[6] |
1970s |
Turkey to China |  |
| Caucasian elk Alces alces caucasicus |
1850s |
Caucasus Mountains and Turkey |  |
| Caucasian wisent Bison bonasus caucasicus |
1925 |
Caucasus Mountains |  |
| Cebu warty pig Sus cebifrons cebifrons |
2000 |
Philippines | -- |
| Flores cave rat Spelaeomys florensis |
1500s |
Indonesia (Flores) | -- |
| Flores long-nosed rat Paulamys naso [7] |
1500s |
Indonesia (Flores) | -- |
| Formosan clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa |
1990s |
Taiwan |  |
| Hokkaidō wolf Canis lupus hattai |
1889 |
Japan (Hokkaidō) and Russia (Sakhalin, Kuril Islands, and Kamchatka) |  |
| Honshū wolf Canis lupus hodophilax |
1905 |
Japan (Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū) |  |
| Ilin Island cloudrunner Crateromys paulus[8] |
April 4, 1953 |
Philippines | -- |
| Indian Javan rhinoceros Rhinoceros sondaicus inermis |
Before 1925 |
Bangladesh, Burma (Myanmar), and India |  |
| Japanese river otter Lutra nippon |
1979 |
Japan |  |
| Japanese sea lion Zalophus japonicus[9] |
1974 |
Sea of Japan (North/South Korea, Japan, Russia) |  |
| Javan tiger Panthera tigris sondaica[10] |
1970s |
Indonesia (Java) |  |
| Northern Sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis lasiotis |
Unknown |
Bangladesh, Burma (Myanmar), and India |  |
| Queen of Sheba's gazelle Gazella bilkis[11] |
1951 |
Yemen | -- |
| Saudi gazelle Gazella saudiya[12] |
Unknown |
Arabian Peninsula | -- |
| Schomburgk's deer Rucervus schomburgki[13] |
1938 |
Thailand |  |
| Steller's sea cow Hydrodamalis gigas[14] |
1768 |
Russia (Commander Islands), Alaska (Aleutian Islands) |  |
| Sturdee's pipistrelle Pipistrellus sturdeei[15] |
Unknown |
Japan (Bonin Islands) | -- |
| Verhoeven's giant tree rat Papagomys theodorverhoeveni |
1500s |
Indonesia (Flores) | -- |
| Vietnamese Javan rhinoceros Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus |
2010 |
Vietnam to Malaysia |  |
Possibly extinct
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baiji Lipotes vexillifer[16] |
August 2004 |
Yangtze River, China |  |
| Gloomy tube-nosed bat Murina tenebrosa [17] |
1962 |
Tsushima Island, Japan | -- |
| Kouprey Bos sauveli [18] |
1988 |
Cambodia, Laos, Thailand & Vietnam | |
| Malabar civet Viverra civettina[19] |
1987 |
India | _DSCN2359_(cut).jpg.webp) |
Birds
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabian ostrich Struthio camelus syriacus |
1966 |
Middle East |  |
| Asian ostrich Struthio asiaticus |
10,000 BC |
Middle East to Central Asia |  |
| Bering cackling goose Branta hutchinsii asiatica disputed subspecies |
1929 |
Russia (Komandorski and Kuril Islands) | -- |
| Bonin grosbeak Carpodacus ferreorostris |
1828 |
Japan (Bonin Islands) |  |
| Bonin nankeen night heron Nycticorax caledonicus crassirostris |
1889 |
Japan (Bonin Islands) |  |
| Bonin thrush Zoothera terrestris |
1827 |
Japan (Bonin Islands) |  |
| Bonin wood pigeon Columba versicolor |
1889 |
Japan (Bonin Islands) |  |
| Bennu heron Ardea bennuides |
2000 BC |
United Arab Emirates | _-_TIMEA.jpg.webp) |
| Cebu hanging parrot Loriculus philippensis chrysonotus |
Unknown |
Philippines (Cebu) |  |
| Cyprus dipper Cinclus cinclus olympicus disputed subspecies |
1950 |
Cyprus | -- |
| Mukojima white-eye Apalopteron familiare familiare |
1930 |
Japan (Bonin Islands) |  |
| Ryukyu kingfisher Todiramphus miyakoensis |
1887 |
Japan (Ryukyu Islands) | -- |
| Ryukyu wood pigeon Columba jouyi |
1936 |
Japan (Ryukyu Islands) | -- |
| Spectacled cormorant Phalacrocorax perspicillatus |
1850 |
Russia |  |
Possibly extinct
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black-browed babbler Malacocincla perspicillata |
1843 to 1848 |
Indonesia | -- |
| Catanduanes bleeding heart Gallicolumba luzonica rubiventris |
1971 |
Philippines | -- |
| Crested shelduck Tadorna cristata |
1985 |
Japan, North Korea and South Korea |  |
| Himalayan quail Ophrysia superciliosa |
1876 |
India |  |
| Javan lapwing Vanellus macropterus |
1940 |
Indonesia (Java) |  |
| Negros fruit dove Ptilinopus arcanus |
1953 |
Philippines |  |
| Pink-headed duck Rhodonessa caryophyllacea |
1950s |
Bangladesh, Burma (Myanmar) and India |  |
| Rück's blue flycatcher Cyornis ruckii |
1918 |
Indonesia (Sumatra) | -- |
| Siau scops owl Otus manadensis siaoensis |
1866 |
Indonesia (Sulawesi) | -- |
| Slender-billed curlew Numenius tenuirostris |
1998 |
Russia (Siberia) |  |
| Sulu bleeding-heart Gallicolumba menagei |
1891 |
Philippines |  |
| Vaurie's nightjar Caprimulgus centralasicus |
1929 |
China | -- |
| White-eyed river martin Pseudochelidon sirintarae |
1980 |
Thailand |  |
Reptiles
Prehistoric extinctions (beginning of the Holocene to 1500 CE)
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Megalochelys atlas | 10000 BC |
Indian Subcontinent to Indonesia |  |
Amphibians
| Common name/scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gunther's streamlined frog Nannophrys guentheri[20] |
1882 |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus adspersus[21] | 1886 |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus dimbullae[22] | 1933 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus eximius[23] | 1933 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus extirpo [24] | 1882 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus halyi[25] | 1899 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus leucorhinus[26] | 1856 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus maia [27] | 1860 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus malcolmsmithi [28] | Unknown |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus nanus [29] | 1869 |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus nasutus[30] | 1869 |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus oxyrhynchus[31] | 1872 |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus pardus[32] | Before 1876 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus rugatus [33] | 1927 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus temporalis[34] | 1864 |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus variabilis [35] | Unknown |
Sri Lanka |  |
| Pseudophilautus zal [36] | Before 1947 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Pseudophilautus zimmeri[37] | 1927 |
Sri Lanka | -- |
| Yunnan lake newt Cynops wolterstorffi[38] |
1979 |
China (Yunnan) |  |
Fish
- Acanthobrama hulensis[39] 1975, Israel
- Cyprinus yilongensis[40] 1981, China
- Gokce baligi[41]
Alburnus akili, 1998, Turkey - Siamese flat-barbelled catfish[42]
Platytropius siamensis, 1975-1977, Thailand - Tristramella intermedia[43] 1970s, Israel
- Tristramella magdelainae[44] Unknown, Syria
Annelida (Oligochaeta) Earthworms
- Amynthas japonicus [45] Unknown, Japan
Molluscs
- Gastrocopta chichijimana, Unknown, Japan
- Gastrocopta ogasawarana, Unknown, Japan
- Hirasea planulata, Unknown, Japan
- Lamellidea monodonta, Unknown, Japan
- Lamellidea nakadai, Unknown, Japan
- Littoraria flammea, Unknown, China
- Trochoidea picardi, Unknown, Israel
- Vitrinula chaunax, Unknown, Japan
- Vitrinula chichijimana, Unknown, Japan
- Vitrinula hahajimana, Unknown, Japan
See also
References
- IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 24 March 2006.
- Hughes, Sandrine; Hayden, Thomas J.; Douady, Christophe J.; Tougard, Christelle; Germonpré, Mietje; Stuart, Anthony; Lbova, Lyudmila; Carden, Ruth F.; Hänni, Catherine; Say, Ludovic (2006). Molecular phylogeny of the extinct giant deer, Megaloceros giganteus. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40(1): 285–291. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.004 PDF fulltext Archived 2007-10-01 at the Wayback Machine. Supplementary data 1, DOC fulltext Supplementary data 2, DOC fulltext Supplementary data 3, DOC fulltext
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- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Cynops wolterstorffi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T59445A63869216. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T59445A63869216.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
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- Ng, H.H. (2011). "Platytropius siamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T180996A7657156. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T180996A7657156.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- Goren, M. (2006). "Tristramella intermedia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006: e.T60792A12399367. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60792A12399367.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- Goren, M. (2006). "Tristramella magdelainae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006: e.T61365A12468486. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T61365A12468486.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- Blakemore (2019). "Extinction of Japan's first formally described earthworm Amynthas japonicus (Horst, 1883) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)" (PDF). Bull. Kanagawa Mus. 48: 55–60. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
External links
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