Horwitz Defense
The Horwitz Defense (ECO code A40) is a chess opening defined by the moves:
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| Moves | 1.d4 e6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| ECO | A40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Origin | 19th century | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Named after | Bernhard Horwitz | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This response to White's Queen's Pawn Game, is named for the German chess master and writer Bernhard Horwitz (1807-85), who is known to have played it four times against fellow German master Daniel Harrwitz between 1849 and 1852.[1] Players such as the English grandmaster Simon Williams often use 1.d4 e6 as a way of playing for the Dutch Defense while avoiding the Staunton Gambit (1.d4 f5 2.e4!?).[2][3]
As such the opening has little independent significance. It is likely to transpose to other openings listed below.
- Dutch Defense (after 2.c4 f5 or 2.Nf3 f5)
- Keres Defense (after 2.c4 Bb4+)
- French Defense (after 2.e4 d5)
- Queen's Gambit Declined (after 2.c4 d5)
- Sicilian Defense (after 2.e4 c5 3.Nf3 cxd4)
- Benoni Defense (after 2.e4 c5 3.d5).
References
- "CHESSGAMES.COM * Chess game search engine". www.chessgames.com. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
- "Review: The Aggressive Classical Dutch". Chess News. 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
- Williams, Simon (2003). Play the Classical Dutch. London, England: Gambit Publications. ISBN 978-1901983883.
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