Foreign relations of South Ossetia

The Republic of South Ossetia – the State of Alania is a self-proclaimed state which is recognized by Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Syria, Nauru, Abkhazia, Artsakh, the Donetsk People's Republic, the Luhansk People's Republic, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and Transnistria. It is considered by most member states of the United Nations to be part of Georgia, as is neighboring Abkhazia. South Ossetia declared independence from Georgia in 1991, but did not receive recognition from any UN member states until after the 2008 South Ossetia War. It, along with Russia, is the only state recognized by member states of the United Nations that recognizes the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic.

Politics of South Ossetia
Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Parliament of South Ossetia
Chairman
Alan Tadtaev
Political parties
Elections
Administrative divisions
  • First level: Four Raions
  • Second level: Towns / cities
Foreign relations
Diplomatic missions of / in South Ossetia

Relations with independent states
Foreign relations of South Ossetia
  diplomatic relations and recognition
  diplomatic recognition only
Country Date of recognition Notes
 Abkhazia19 September 2005 or before[note 1]
Main article: Abkhazia–South Ossetia relations
  • Abkhazia and South Ossetia recognized each other's independence on 19 September 2005 or before.[note 1]
  • Abkhazia has an embassy in Tskhinvali.
 Artsakh17 November 2006[1]
  • Artsakh, Abkhazia and South Ossetia mutually recognise each other.[2]
 Donetsk People's Republic13 May 2015
Main article: Donetsk People's Republic–South Ossetia relations
  • South Ossetia recognized Donetsk People's Republic on 27 June 2014.
  • Donetsk People's Republic recognized South Ossetia on 13 May 2015.
 IranN/A
  • In July 2019, the South Ossetian Minister of Foreign Affairs Dmitry Medoyev said that his country is willing to expand its cooperation with Iran. There are "deep-rooted economic, scientific and cultural ties between Iran and South Ossetian" he added.[3]
 Luhansk People's Republic28 January 2015
  • After receiving diplomatic recognition from South Ossetia in 2014, the Luhansk People's Republic reciprocated recognition on 28 January 2015.[4]
  • In April 2015, South Ossetia opened the first foreign embassy in Luhansk.[5]
 NauruDecember 2009
  • In December 2009, Nauru recognized the independence of South Ossetia. Nauru's foreign minister, Kieren Keke, visited Tskhinvali that year.[6][7] In 2012, the South Ossetian Independence Day celebrations were attended by President Sprent Dabwido, who delivered a speech at the ceremony.[8] In 2018, a South Ossetian delegation visited Nauru and the country's foreign ministry appointed a New Zealander as a representative in Nauru.[9]
 Nicaragua5 September 2008
Main article: Nicaragua–South Ossetia relations
  • On 5 September 2008, Nicaragua became the second UN member state to recognize South Ossetia.
 Russia26 August 2008
Main article: Russia–South Ossetia relations
  • On 26 August 2008, Russia became the first UN member state to recognize South Ossetia. Russia plans on building an embassy in Tskhinval.[10]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic30 September 2010 (de facto)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  • On 29 September 2010 the SADR Minister for African Issues Mohamed Yeslem Beyssat said referring to South Ossetia: “Western Sahara de facto recognizes the independence of South Ossetia. Now we have to formalise relations de jure, including the establishment of diplomatic relations".[12] The two states have had various formal and informal contacts.[17]
 Syria29 May 2018
  • On 29 May 2018, Syria became the latest UN member state to recognize South Ossetia. On 22 July 2018, during the state visit of President Anatoly Bibilov to Damascus, South Ossetia and Syria have signed an agreement on establishing diplomatic ties.[18][19][20]
 Transnistria12 October 1994 or before[note 1]
  • Representative offices of Transnistria in Abkhazia and South Ossetia have been opened.[21]
  • Representative offices of Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Tiraspol have been opened.
 TurkeyN/A
  • South Ossetia and Turkey have no official relations. In 2019, South Ossetia named a representative for Turkey.[22] In 2020, the representative died.[23]
  • Around 50,000 Ossetians live in Turkey.
 Tuvalu19 September 2011 (withdrawn on 31 March 2014)
  • In 2011, the government of Prime Minister Willy Telavi recognised Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which had broken away from Georgia and which Georgia viewed as remaining part of its sovereign territory.[24] However, the government of Prime Minister Enele Sopoaga retracted the recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia on 31 March 2014 when Tuvalu's Foreign Minister Taukelina Finikaso signed an agreement to establish diplomatic relations with Georgia. Tuvalu's Foreign Minister said that his country supports Georgia's territorial integrity in its international recognized borders.[25][26]
 United StatesN/A
  • South Ossetia and the United States have no official relations as the U.S. recognizes South Ossetia as part of the sovereignty of Georgia.
 Venezuela10 September 2009
Main article: South Ossetia–Venezuela relations
  • On 10 September 2009, Venezuela became the third UN member state to recognize South Ossetia.

Diplomatic missions

Offices in South Ossetia
Main article: List of diplomatic missions in South Ossetia

Ossetian missions
Main article: Diplomatic missions of South Ossetia

Membership in international organizations

South Ossetia does not belong to any international organizations as of March 2009 besides the Community for Democracy and Human Rights.

See also

Notes
  1. The date when Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria recognize each other is not clear. Abkhazia and Transnistria signed a Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation on 22 January 1993, South Ossetia and Transnistria a Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation on 12 October 1994 and Abkhazia and South Ossetia a Treaty on Friendship and Cooperation on 19 September 2005.

References
  1. "Cтраны, признавшие независимость Республики Абхазия". Archived from the original on 18 February 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  2. Вице-спикер парламента Абхазии: Выборы в НКР соответствуют всем международным стандартам: "Абхазия, Южная Осетия, НКР и Приднестровье уже давно признали независимость друг друга и очень тесно сотрудничают между собой", – сказал вице-спикер парламента Абхазии. ... "...Абхазия признала независимость Нагорно-Карабахской Республики..." – сказал он."
  3. South Ossetia Willing to Boost Cooperation with Iran, tasnimnews.com 20 July 2019.
  4. "Luhansk People's Republic Recognizes South Ossetia – News". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  5. Vadim Dyakonov. "The Embassy of South Ossetia opened in LNR". «15-th REGION». Archived from the original on 23 March 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  6. Luke Harding: Tiny Nauru struts world stage by recognising breakaway republics, theguardian.com 14 December 2009.
  7. Nauru recognises South Ossetia and Abkhazia, telegraph.co.uk 15 December 2009.
  8. "Президент Науру: мы не будем отзывать признание Абхазии и Южной Осетии" [President of Nauru: we will not withdraw recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia]. ria.ru (in Russian). 20 September 2012.
  9. New Zealander to represent South Ossetia in Nauru, radionz.co.nz 25 January 2018.
  10. "Vladimir Putin signed a direction about establishment of Russian embassies in Abkhazia and South Ossetia". REGNUM. 11 February 2009. Archived from the original on 21 February 2009. Retrieved 5 April 2009.
  11. Semi-Recognized Western Sahara to Recognize South Ossetia // Georgian Daily, 29 September 2010
  12. "Semi-Recognized Western Sahara to Recognize South Ossetia". EurasiaNet.org. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  13. ПОЛИСАРИО: "Западная Сахара признает независимость и суверенитет Южной Осетии" // Regnum, 29 September 2010
  14. Константин Кочиев: независимость Южной Осетии признает Западная Сахара // Кавказский Узел, 30 September 2010
  15. Независимость Южной Осетии признала непризнанная Западная Сахара, на очереди – Алжир // NEWSru.com, 30 September 2010
  16. Грузия: Непризнанная Западная Сахара признала Цхинвал // Росбалт, 30 September 2010
  17. "Greetings of the Republic of South Ossetia Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Sahara Arab Democratic Republic on the occasion of 35 anniversary of the Declaration of Independence Day of SADR | Министерство иностранных дел". mfa-rso.su. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  18. "Syria, South Ossetia Sign Agreement on Establishing Diplomatic Ties". Syria Times. 22 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
  19. "Bashar al-Assad Hosts Anatoly Bibilov". Retrieved 24 July 2018.
  20. "Leader of breakaway South Ossetia meets Assad in Syria". Retrieved 24 July 2018.
  21. Представительство Приднестровской Молдавской Республики в Республике Южная Осетия. Representative office of Transnistria in South Ossetia (in Russian). Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  22. "Полпредом МИД Южной Осетии в Турецкой Республике назначен Ремзи Канукати". Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  23. "Сообщение пресс-службы Министерства иностранных дел Республики Южная Осетия". Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  24. Sukhumi (23 September 2011). "Tuvalu becomes sixth state to recognize Abkhazia". Rianovosti. Retrieved 2 March 2014.
  25. "Tuvalu Retracts Abkhazia, S.Ossetia Recognition". civil.ge. 31 March 2014. Archived from the original on 31 March 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  26. "Tuvalu scraps recognition of Georgia breakaway regions". Business Standard/AFP (Tbilisi). 31 March 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
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