Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea

The government's official policy is one of nonalignment. In its search for assistance to meet the goal of national reconstruction, the government of Equatorial Guinea has established diplomatic relations with numerous European and Third World countries. Having achieved independence under UN sponsorship, Equatorial Guinea feels a special kinship with that organization. It became the 126th UN member on November 12, 1968. Equatorial Guinea served as a non-permanent member on the United Nations Security Council from 2017 to 2019.

Politics of Equatorial Guinea
Constitution
Government
Parliament
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations
Nations with which Equatorial Guinea has diplomatic relations.

Bilateral relations

Africa
Country Formal relations established Notes
 Angola
  • Angola has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Luanda.
 Cameroon27 October 1968[1]

Equatorial Guinea has cordial relations with neighbouring Cameroon, although there was criticism in Cameroon in 2000 about perceived mistreatment of Cameroonians working in Equatorial Guinea. Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea have an unresolved maritime border dispute. The majority Fang ethnic group of mainland Equatorial Guinea extends both north and south into the forests of Cameroon and Gabon. Cameroon exports some food products to Equatorial Guinea and imports oil from Equatorial Guinea for its refinery at nearby Limbe.

In December 2008, Equatorial Guinea security forces killed a Cameroonian fisherman and abducted two immigrants, Cameroon closed its border in response.[2]

  • Cameroon has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate in Bata.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Yaoundé and a consulate-general in Ebolowa and a consulate in Douala.
 Chad
  • Chad has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in N'Djamena.
 Congo12 July 1971
  • Congo has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Brazzaville.
 Cote d'Ivoire
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Abidjan.
  • Cote d'Ivoire has an embassy in Malabo.
 Egypt15 April 1969
  • Egypt has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Cairo.
 Eswatini 19 February 2015 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 2015[3]
 Gabon1969
  • Gabon has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Libreville.
 Ghana1968
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Accra.
  • Ghana has an embassy in Malabo.
 Mauritius 26 May 2004 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 2004[4]
 Morocco1978
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Rabat.
  • Morocco has an embassy in Malabo.
 Nigeria26 January 1969

Equatorial Guinea has warmer relations with Nigeria, and the Nigerian President made an official visit to Malabo in 2001. The two countries have delineated their offshore borders, which will facilitate development of nearby gas fields. In addition, many Nigerians work in Equatorial Guinea, as do immigrants from Cameroon and some West African states.

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Abuja and consulates in Calabar and Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate in Bata.
 São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an embassy in Malabo.
 Seychelles 14 April 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 April 1993[5]
 South Africa5 May 1993[6]
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has an embassy in Malabo.

Americas
Country Formal relations established Notes
 Argentina26 April 1974[7]
  • Argentina is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Argentina from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
 Bolivia 21 October 1987 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 October 1987[8]
 Brazil23 May 1975
  • Brazil has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Brasília.
 Canada20 August 1980[9]
  • Canada is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its high commission in Abuja, Nigeria.[10]
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Canada from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City.
 Chile9 November 1971[11]
  • Chile is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City.
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Chile from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
 Colombia6 May 1981[12]
  • Colombia is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Colombia from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
 Cuba27 December 1972[13]
  • Cuba has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Havana.
 Guatemala 8 December 2006 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 2006[14]
 Jamaica 18 May 2015 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 May 2015[15]
 Mexico26 September 1975[16]See Equatorial Guinea–Mexico relations
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[17]
  • Mexico is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.[18]
 Nicaragua 20 September 1984 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 September 1984[19]
 Paraguay 3 November 2005 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 2005[20]
 Suriname 12 January 2012 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 2012[21]
 United States21 November 1968, diplomatic relations were broken from 14 March 1976 to 19 December 1979[22]See Equatorial Guinea–United States relations
Embassy of Equatorial Guinea in Washington, D.C.

In 1995, the United States closed its embassy, ostensibly for budget reasons, though the ambassador of the time had been accused of witchcraft, and had criticised the human rights situation. In 1996, offshore oil began flowing, and, with several US oil companies present in the country, the US reopened the embassy in October 2003. The US has sought to encourage the progress of human rights to the country by addressing its concerns directly to the government, as well as holding seminars for better police conduct and judicial conferences with US judges to improve the rule of law.[23]

 Uruguay 15 September 1981 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1981[26]
 Venezuela7 May 1981[27]See Equatorial Guinea–Venezuela relations
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Caracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Malabo.

Asia
Country Formal relations established Notes
 Armenia19 May 1992

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1992.[28]

 Azerbaijan 11 November 2004
  • On November 11, 2004, Azerbaijan and Equatorial Guinea established diplomatic relations.[29]
 Cambodia 30 June 2010 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 June 2010[30]
 China15 October 1970See China–Equatorial Guinea relations

The People's Republic of China and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea established diplomatic relations on October 15, 1970.[31]

  • China has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate-general in Bata.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Beijing.
 Georgia 23 June 2010 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 2010[32]
 India1975See Equatorial Guinea–India relations
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in New Delhi.
  • India has an embassy in Malabo.
 Israel1968, broke off diplomatic relations 14 October 1973, Restored 5 December 1993
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Tel Aviv.
  • Israel is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
 Japan20 October 1980[33]
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Japan from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • Japan is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Libreville, Gabon.
 Kazakhstan 24 May 2017 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 May 2017[34]
 Lebanon 21 November 2008 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 November 2008[35]
 Maldives 21 May 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 May 2018[36]
 Mongolia 20 February 2014 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 2014[37]
   Nepal 30 April 2019 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 2019[38]
 North Korea30 January 1969See Equatorial Guinea–North Korea relations
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to North Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • North Korea has an embassy in Malabo.
 Qatar 7 April 2021 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 April 2021[39]
 Singapore 11 April 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 April 2018[40]
 South Korea14 September 1979[41]
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • South Korea is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Libreville, Gabon.
 Tajikistan 21 May 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 May 2018[42]
 Turkey22 September 1980[43]See Equatorial Guinea–Turkey relations
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Ankara.[44]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Malabo.[44]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 23.8 million USD in 2019 (Guinean exports/imports: 3.6/20.2 million USD).[44]
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Malabo since 7 February 2020.[44]

Europe
Country Formal relations established Notes
 Belgium
  • Belgium is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Kinshasa, DR Congo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Brussels.
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 24 February 2010 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 February 2010[45]
 Croatia 18 October 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 October 2007[46]
 Cyprus 29 February 2008 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 February 2008[47]
 Czech Republic 31 July 1970 Equatorial Guinea and Czechoslovakia established diplomatic relations on 31 July 1970[48]
 Estonia 18 December 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 December 2007[49]
 Finland 30 April 2008 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 2008[50]
 France

Equatorial Guinea is member of the Central African Economic and Monetary Union (CEMAC), which includes Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, and Gabon. It also is a member of the Franc zone. Parallel to the Equatoguinean rapprochement with its Francophone neighbors, France's role has significantly increased following Equatorial Guinea's entry into the CFA Franc Zone and the BEAC. French technical advisers work in the finance and planning ministries, and agreements have been signed for infrastructure development projects.

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Paris.
  • France has an embassy in Malabo.
 Germany7 June 1969
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Berlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in Malabo.
  Holy See24 December 1981
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy to the Holy See based in Rome.
  • Holy See has an apostolic nunciature accredited to Equatorial Guinea from Yaoundé, Cameroon.
 Hungary 27 February 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 February 1970[51]
 Iceland 10 September 2004 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 2004[52]
 Italy
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Rome.
  • Italy is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
 Latvia 13 November 2008 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 November 2008[53]
 North Macedonia 9 July 2002 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 July 2002[54]
 Poland29 May 1979[55]
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
  • Poland is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.
 Portugal9 May 1977[56]
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Lisbon.
  • Portugal has an embassy in Malabo.
 Russia7 december 1968See Equatorial Guinea–Russia relations
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
 Serbia 18 May 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 May 1970[57]
 Slovenia 26 May 2010 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 2010[58]
 Spain12 October 1968See Equatorial Guinea–Spain relations

A transitional agreement, signed in October 1968, implemented a Spanish preindependence decision to assist Equatorial Guinea and provided for the temporary maintenance of Spanish military forces there. A dispute with President Francisco Macías Nguema in 1969 led to a request that all Spanish troops immediately depart, and many civilians left at the same time. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were never broken but were suspended by Spain in March 1977 in the wake of renewed disputes. After Macías' fall in 1979, President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo asked for Spanish assistance, and since then, Spain has regained influence in Equatorial Guinea's diplomatic relations. The two countries signed permanent agreements for economic and technical cooperation, private concessions, and trade relations. President Obiang made an official visit to Madrid in March 2001, and senior Spanish Foreign Ministry officials visited Malabo during 2001 as well. Spain maintained a bilateral assistance program in Equatorial Guinea. Some Equato-Guinean opposition elements are based in Spain to the annoyance of the government in Malabo.

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Madrid and a consulate in Las Palmas.[59]
  • Spain has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate-general in Bata.[60]
 Ukraine 18 May 1992 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 May 1992[61]
 United Kingdom
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in London.
  • United Kingdom is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its high commission in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Oceania
Country Formal relations

established

Notes
 Australia 23 July 2009 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 July 2009[62]
 Fiji 6 October 2011 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 2011[63]

See also

References
  1. Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa, Issues 2889-2962. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1968. p. 4.
  2. "2008 Human Rights Report". State.gov. 2009-02-25. Retrieved 2012-02-02.
  3. "Presentación de cartas credenciales al Presidente de la República".
  4. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Mauritius as of 26 May 2004 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  5. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Seychelles as of 14 Apr. 1993 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  6. "History of Relations (MFA of South Africa)".
  7. "Biblioteca Digital de Tratados".
  8. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Bolivia as of 21 Oct. 1987 (UN Digital Library)".
  9. "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".
  10. "Canada - Equatorial Guinea Relations".
  11. Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa, Issues 3803-3876. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1971. pp. Page 4.
  12. Revista javeriana, Issues 471-475. Editora L. Canal y Asociados, 1981. p. 482.
  13. "Visitará Cuba Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores y Cooperación de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial".
  14. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Guatemala as of 8 Dec. 2006 (UN Digital Library)".
  15. "Diplomatic Relations between Jamaica and Equatorial Guinea as of 18 May 2015 (UN Digital Library)".
  16. Mexico de Hoy, Issues 294-311. 1975.
  17. "Jurisdiction of Equatorial Guinea's embassy in the United States".
  18. "Inicio". embamex.sre.gob.mx.
  19. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Nicaragua as of 20 Sept. 1984 (UN Digital Library)".
  20. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Paraguay as of 3 Nov. 2005 (UN Digital Library)".
  21. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Suriname as of 12 Jan. 2012 (UN Digital Library)".
  22. "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Equatorial Guinea".
  23. Archived October 4, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  24. "HOME | Equatorial Guinea Embassy USA". Egembassyusa.
  25. "Embassy of the United States in Malabo (in English and Spanish)". Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2006-03-06.
  26. "Anexo 6: Tabla de fechas de establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas entre Uruguay y países africanos" (PDF).
  27. Libro amarillo de la República de Venezuela: presentado al Congreso Nacional en sus sesiones ordinarias de ... por el Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores. Venezuela. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1983. p. 223.
  28. "Bilateral Relations (MFA Armenia)".
  29. "Bilateral diplomatic relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (MFA Azerbaijan)".
  30. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Cambodia as of 30 June 2010 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  31. "Equatorial Guinea -- china.org.cn". www.china.org.cn.
  32. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Georgia as of 23 June 2010 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  33. "赤道ギニア共和国（Republic of Equatorial Guinea）(MFA Japan in Japanese)".
  34. "Diplomatic relations between Equatorial Guinea and Kazakhstan as of 24 May 2017 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  35. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Lebanon as of 21 Nov. 2008 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  36. "Diplomatic relations between Equatorial Guinea and Maldives as of 21 May 2018 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  37. "Diplomatic Relations between Mongolia and Equatorial Guinea as of 20 Feb. 2014 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  38. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Nepal as of 30 April 2019 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  39. "Diplomatic Relations Between Qatar and Equatorial Guinea as of 7 Apr. 2021 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  40. "Diplomatic relations between Equatorial Guinea and Singapore as of 11 April 2018 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  41. "Contries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".
  42. "Diplomatic relations between Equatorial Guinea and Tajikistan as of 21 May 2018 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  43. Daily Report:Western Europe August-October, 1980 Vol.2 No.4. NewsBank, inc. p. 11.
  44. "Relations between Turkey and Equatorial Guinea".
  45. "Diplomatic Relations Between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Equatorial Guinea as of 24 Feb. 2010 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  46. "Diplomatic Relations Between Croatia and Equatorial Guinea as of 18 Oct. 2007 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  47. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Cyprus as of 29 Feb. 2008 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  48. Czechoslovak Digest, Issues 17-35. ČTK, 1970. p. 7.
  49. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Estonia as of 18 Dec. 2007 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  50. "Diplomatic Relations Between Finland and Equatorial Guinea as of 30 Apr. 2008 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  51. Budapress Bulletin, Volume 9, Issues 1-25. Budapress News Service. 1970. p. 12.
  52. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Iceland as of 10 Sept. 2004 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  53. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Latvia as of 13 Nov. 2008 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  54. "Diplomatic Relations between Equatorial Guinea and The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as of 9 July 2002 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  55. "Gwinea Równikowa (in Polish)".
  56. "Diplomatic relations between Equatorial Guinea and Portugal as of 9 May 1977 (UN Digital Library)".
  57. "Bilateral Relations (MFA Serbia)".
  58. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Slovenia as of 26 May 2010 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  59. "Embassy of Equatorial Guinea in Spain (in French and Spanish)". Archived from the original on 2016-12-29. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
  60. "Páginas - Embajada de España en Guinea Ecuatorial". www.exteriores.gob.es.
  61. "Middle East and Africa: Equatorial Guinea (MFA of Ukraine)".
  62. "Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Australia as of 23 July 2009 (United Nations Digital Library)".
  63. "Diplomatic Relations between Fiji and Equatorial Guinea as of 6 Oct. 2011 (United Nations Digital Library)".
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