ESAT-6

ESAT-6 or Early Secreted Antigenic Target 6 kDa, is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it is a secretory protein and potent T cell antigen.[1] It is used in tuberculosis diagnosis by the whole blood interferon γ test QuantiFERON-TB Gold, in conjunction with CFP-10 and TB7.7.

The phoP and fadD26 rational inactivation in MTBVAC results in virulence attenuation and enhanced immunogenicity relative to the M. tuberculosis pathogen.
6 kDa early secretory antigenic target
Identifiers
SymbolesxA
NCBI gene886209
PDB3FAV
UniProtP0A564

ESAT-6 has been shown to directly bind to the TLR2 receptor, inhibiting downstream signal transduction.[2]It has also been studied that the inactivation of ESAT-6 leads to decreased virulence of M. Tuberculosis.[3] Secretion of the ESAT-6 protein is one of the main determining factors in the virulence of the M. Tuberculosis.[3]

ESAT-6 is one of the main proteins that is inhibited in the production of vaccines for M. Tuberculosis[3][4] with the combination of the increased antigenic factors agβ5-A and the agβ5-C[4]

Microscope view of M. tuberculosis

See also

References
  1. "Entrez gene".
  2. Pathak SK, Basu S, Basu KK, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Bhattacharyya A, Kaisho T, Kundu M, Basu J (June 2007). "Direct extracellular interaction between the early secreted antigen ESAT-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and TLR2 inhibits TLR signaling in macrophages". Nat. Immunol. 8 (6): 610–8. doi:10.1038/ni1468. PMID 17486091. S2CID 22486299.
  3. Sreejit, Gopalkrishna; Ahmed, Asma; Parveen, Nazia; Jha, Vishwanath; Valluri, Vijaya Lakshmi; Ghosh, Sudip; Mukhopadhyay, Sangita (2014-10-30). "The ESAT-6 Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interacts with Beta-2-Microglobulin (β2M) Affecting Antigen Presentation Function of Macrophage". PLOS Pathogens. 10 (10): e1004446. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004446. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 4214792. PMID 25356553.
  4. Dietrich, Jes; Andersen, Claire; Rappuoli, Rino; Doherty, T. Mark; Jensen, Charlotte Green; Andersen, Peter (2006-11-01). "Mucosal Administration of Ag85B-ESAT-6 Protects against Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Boosts Prior Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunity". The Journal of Immunology. 177 (9): 6353–6360. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.9.6353. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 17056566.


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