List of counties of New Brunswick

The Canadian province of New Brunswick has 15 counties. While they no longer serve as a local government territorial division as traditionally defined with shire towns or county towns, they continue to define a regional community.

Counties of New Brunswick
LocationProvince of New Brunswick
Number15
Populations10,472 (Queens) – 144,158 (Westmorland)
Areas1463.7 km² (Saint John) – 12868.78 km² (Northumberland)
Government
Subdivisions

With the reorganization of local government legislation contained in the Robichaud government's reforms, collectively called the New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program, county municipalities ceased to function in 1966 and their councils were dissolved.

Another form of regional local government did not replace the county. Instead, many small village municipalities were created, with the surrounding predominantly rural areas remaining unincorporated. Of these unincorporated areas, 92 of them in 11 counties were made into units for provincial administration, based largely on the former civil parishes.[1]

Counties continue to be used as an organizational unit, along with their parishes, for registration of real estate among other things. They figure prominently in residents' sense of place and continue as significant threads in the Province's cultural fabric (i.e., most citizens always know which county they are in), and they still appear on some maps.

List
County[2] Shire town or
county town[2]		 Established Origin[3] Population, 2016[4] Population, 2011 Population, % change Land area (km2) Population density (per km2)
Albert County Hopewell Cape 1845[5] Westmorland County 29,158 28,846 1.1 1807.88 16.1
Carleton County Woodstock 1832[6] York County 26,220 27,019 -3 3312.72 7.9
Charlotte County St. Andrews 1785[7] One of the original 8 counties. 25,428 26,549 -4.2 3426.97 7.4
Gloucester County Bathurst 1827[8] Northumberland County 78,444 79,943 -1.9 4743.67 16.5
Kent County Richibucto 1827[8] Northumberland County 30,475 30,833 -1.2 4552.92 6.7
Kings County Hampton 1785[9] One of the original 8 counties. 68,941 69,665 -1 3484.22 19.8
Madawaska County Edmundston 1873[10] Victoria County 32,741 33,422 -2 3461.89 9.5
Northumberland County Newcastle, now part of Miramichi 1785[9] One of the original 8 counties. 44,952 46,204 -2.7 12868.78 3.5
Queens County Gagetown 1785[9] One of the original 8 counties. 10,472 11,086 -5.5 3686.05 2.8
Restigouche County Dalhousie 1838[11] Gloucester County 30,955 32,594 -5 8580 3.6
Saint John County Saint John 1785[12] One of the original 8 counties. 74,020 76,550 -3.3 1463.7 50.6
Sunbury County Burton 1785[13] One of the original 8 counties. 27,644 27,143 1.8 2696.53 10.3
Victoria County Andover, now part of Perth-Andover 1850[14] Carleton County 18,617 19,921 -6.5 5505.56 3.4
Westmorland County Dorchester 1785[12] One of the original 8 counties. 149,623 144,158 3.8 3666.15 40.8
York County Fredericton 1785[13] One of the original 8 counties. 99,411 97,238 2.2 8131.77 12.2

See also

References
  1. "Regulation 66–41 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 66–968)". The Royal Gazette. Fredericton. 124: 604–605. 21 December 1966.
  2. "Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. June 30, 1998. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
  3. "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". archives.gnb.ca. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
  4. "Statistics Canada, Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-03-03.
  5. "8 Vic. c. 104 An Act to divide the County of Westmorland into two Counties, and to provide for the Government and Representation of the new County.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1846. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1846. pp. 150–152. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  6. "1 Wm. IV c. 50 An Act for the Division of the County of York into Two Counties, and to provide for the Government and Representation of the new County.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1833. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1833. pp. 183–187. Retrieved 27 March 2021. The legislation was passed in 1831 but was not declared in effect until 1832.
  7. Ganong, William F. (1901). A Monograph of the Evolution of the Boundaries of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 424. Retrieved 3 June 2021. The original 8 counties were all created by Letters Patent in 1785, the year after the province was established.
  8. "7 Geo. IV c. 31 An Act for the division of the County of Northumberland into three Counties, and to provide for the Government and Representation of the two new Counties.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1827. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1827. pp. 97–103. Retrieved 27 March 2021. The legislation was passed in 1826 but not proclaimed in effect until 1827.
  9. Ganong, page 425.
  10. "36 Vic. c. 28 An Act to divide the County of Victoria into two Counties, and provide for the government of the new County.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Months of March & April 1873. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1873. pp. 78–81.
  11. "7 Wm. IV c. 57 An Act to erect part of the County of Gloucester into a separate and distinct County.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1838. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1838. pp. 94–95. Retrieved 27 March 2021. The legislation was passed in 1837 but not proclaimed in effect until 1838.
  12. Ganong, page 423
  13. Ganong, page 426
  14. "7 Vic. c. 51 An Act for the division of the County of Carleton into two Counties, and to provide for the government and representation of the new County.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Mjaesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1850. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1850. pp. 195–196. Retrieved 27 March 2021. Legislation was passed in 1844 but not proclaimed in effect until 1850.
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