Calhoun Square (Savannah, Georgia)

Calhoun Square is one of the 22 squares of Savannah, Georgia, United States. It is located in the southernmost row of the city's five rows of squares, on Abercorn Street and East Wayne Street, and was laid out in 1851. It is south of Lafayette Square, west of Whitefield Square and east of Monterey Square. The oldest buildings on the square are at 102 East Taylor Street and 118–122 East Taylor Street, both of which date to 1853.[1]

Calhoun Square
A live oak in the southwestern corner of the square, looking east
Namesake John C. Calhoun
Maintained by City of Savannah
Location Savannah, Georgia, U.S.
Coordinates 32.0707°N 81.0925°W / 32.0707; -81.0925
North Abercorn Street
East East Wayne Street
South Abercorn Street
West East Wayne Street
Construction
Completion 1851 (1851)

The square is named for South Carolina statesman John C. Calhoun, who served as Secretary of War, Secretary of State, and as vice president under John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson.[2]

The square is sometimes called Massie Square, in reference to the former Massie Common School House, built in 1855,[3] in the southeastern residential/tything lot of the square.[4]

On the western side of the square is the Wesley Monumental United Methodist Church, founded in 1868.

It is the only square with all of its original buildings intact.[5]

The square is believed to have been built over a slave burial ground, with around one thousand bodies buried in it. In 1855, the bodies of Emily and Rinah, both slaves, were removed to Laurel Grove Cemetery.[6] In 2004, a skull was found by utility workers outside the Massie Heritage Interpretation Center on the square's southeastern side.[7] Due to this connection, a movement was started in 2021 to rename the square Sankofa Square. The Sankofa bird is a Ghanaian symbol expressing the "importance of knowing one's history."[8] Another renaming, this time for Susie King Taylor, was considered in August 2021.[9]

Dedication
  • The square is dedicated to John C. Calhoun, who was vice-president to two presidents

Constituent buildings

Each building below is in one of the eight blocks around the square composed of four residential "tything" blocks and four civic ("trust") blocks, now known as the Oglethorpe Plan. They are listed with construction years where known.

Northwestern residential/tything block
  • Mary Demere House, 128 East Taylor Street (1860)[1] – bay windows added 1894
  • Mary Demere (Estate of) House, 126 East Taylor Street (1872)[1]
  • Adam Short Property, 118–122 East Taylor Street (1853)[1] – joint-oldest building on the square
  • 108–114 East Taylor Street (1873)[1]
  • John Kuck House, 106 East Taylor Street (1906)[1]
  • Alexander Bennett House, 102 East Taylor Street (1853)[1] – joint-oldest building on the square
Northwestern trust/civic block
  • Sara Clark House, 421 Abercorn Street (1859)[1] – additional level added in 1894
Southwestern trust/civic block
  • Wesley Monumental United Methodist Church, 429 Abercorn Street (1875)[10]
Southwestern residential/tything block
  • John B. Berry House, 127 East Gordon Street (1856)[11]
  • Adolphus Gomm House, 115 East Gordon Street (1869)[11]
  • Charles Hutchins House, 113 East Gordon Street (1868/1897)[11]
  • John Mingledorff Property, 439 Abercorn Street (1856)[11]
Northeastern residential/tything block
  • William Rogers House, 202 East Taylor Street (1859)[1]
  • George Ash Row House (1), 206–210 East Taylor Street (1855)[1]
  • Andrew Hanley House, 214 East Taylor Street (1883)[1]
  • George Ash & Francis Grimball Duplex, 216–218 East Taylor Street (1854)[1]
  • George Ash Row House (2), 220–224 East Taylor Street (1869)[1]
Northeastern trust/civic block
  • Easton Yonge House, 426 Abercorn Street (1855)[1] – by George Ash; side porch added 1909
Southeastern trust/civic block
  • 430–432 Abercorn Street (1868)[11]
  • Edward Purse Duplex, 220–222 East Gordon Street (1856)[1]
Southeastern residential/tything block
  • Massie Common School House, 201–213 East Gordon Street (1855)[3]
  • John Guerrard Row House, 215–229 East Gordon Street (1872)[11]
  • Lengre Building, 233 East Gordon Street (1923)[11]
  • Flora Max House, 235 East Gordon Street (1894)[11]
  • Thomas Davis House, 237 East Gordon Street (1893)[11]
  • Calhoun Square
  • The square's unique clumps of grass, looking southwest towards the United Methodist Church
  • Looking east towards 432 Abercorn Street
  • Easton Yonge House, 426 Abercorn Street
  • 430–432 Abercorn Street
  • William Rogers House, 202 East Taylor Street
  • George Ash Row House (1), 206–210 East Taylor Street
  • Andrew Hanley House, 214 East Taylor Street
  • George Ash & Francis Grimball Duplex, 216–218 East Taylor Street
  • George Ash Row House (2), 220–224 East Taylor Street
  • Charles Hutchins House, 113 East Gordon Street
  • Adolphus Gomm House, 115 East Gordon Street
  • John B. Berry House, 127 East Gordon Street
  • Sara Clark House, 421 Abercorn Street
  • Edward Purse Duplex, 220–222 East Gordon Street
  • John Guerrard Row House, 215–229 East Gordon Street
  • Massie Common School House, 201–213 East Gordon Street
  • Lengre Building, 233 East Gordon Street
  • Flora Max House, 235 East Gordon Street
  • Thomas Davis House, 237 East Gordon Street
  • Alexander Bennett House, 102 East Taylor Street
  • Another view of 102 East Taylor Street
  • John Kuck House, 106 East Taylor Street
  • Adam Short Property, 118–120 East Taylor Street
  • Mary Demere (Estate of) House, 126 East Taylor Street
  • Mary Demere House, 128 East Taylor Street

References
  1. Historic Building Map: Savannah Historic District – Historic Preservation Department of the Chatham County-Savannah Metropolitan Planning Commission (November 17, 2011), p. 68
  2. Savannah Scene magazine, May–June 2007, pp 10–11, accessed June 16, 2007.
  3. Massie Common School House: Savannah’s Cradle of Public Education – Georgia Historical Society
  4. Chan Sieg (1984). The squares: an introduction to Savannah. Virginia Beach: Donning.
  5. Our Coast's guide to Savannah's Squares, accessed June 16, 2007. Site features an excellent interactive map of Savannah's squares and numerous photographs.
  6. "Negro Burials Grounds Located In Two Historic Squares" – Savannah Tribune, October 14, 2020
  7. "Workers dig up historic skull" - Savannah Now, July 1, 2004
  8. "Push to erase names of slaveholders from Savannah squares would be first change in a century" – Savannah Morning News, February 1, 2021
  9. "Group seeking to change name of Calhoun Square proposes honoring Susie King Taylor" – Savannah Morning News, August 15, 2021
  10. History – Wesley Monumental United Methodist Church official website
  11. Historic Building Map: Savannah Historic District – Historic Preservation Department of the Chatham County-Savannah Metropolitan Planning Commission (November 17, 2011), p. 69
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.