Affan ibn Abi al-As

His father was Abu al-As ibn Umayya and Ruqayya. Affan was married to Arwa bint Kurayz, a cousin of Islamic prophet Muhammad.[1] The couple had a daughter Amina and a son Uthman, who later became the third Rashidun caliph. Affan's nephew was Marwan ibn al-Hakam, and his sister was Safiyyah bint Abi al-As, a mother-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, through Ramla bint Abi Sufyan.

Affan was a prominent merchant and a close friend with Awf ibn Abd Awf, the father of Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf. Affan and Awf were close business partners.[2] Their fathers often brought their sons Uthman and Abd al-Rahman on their business journey caravans.[2]

Uthman (aka Uthman ibn Affan) is known as the Possessor of Two Lights. This is because he was greatly loved by Muhammad and married to two of his daughters. He was first married to Ruqayyah (Ruqayyah bint Muhammad), and when she died, there is the Hadith which talks of how Hafsa (Hafsa bint Umar) came to be the wife of Muhammad and Umm e Kulthum came to be the wife of Uthman.

Umm e Kulthum, the third daughter of Muhammad was married to Uthman after the death of her older sister Ruqayyah. (Ruqayyah was the second daughter of Muhammad.) Muhammad had four daughters. Zainab (Zainab bint Muhammad) m. Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi'. Ruqqayah (Ruqqayah bint Muhammad) m. Uthman (Uthman ibn Affan). Umm e Kulthum (Umm e Kulthum) m Uthman (Uthman ibn Affan).(She married Uthman after Ruqqayah's death.) Fatima Zahra (Fatima bint Muhammad) m. Ali (Ali ibn Abu Talib).

• Sahaba

• http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Articles/companion/01_uthman_bin_ghani.htm

• Q. Ahmed, Asad (2011). The Religious Elite of the Early Islamic Ḥijāz: Five Prosopographical Case Studies (Illustrated ed.). Occasional Publications UPR. ISBN 978-1900934138. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
• Madelung, Wilferd (1998). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-64696-0.