2024 Indonesian general election

General elections are scheduled to be held in Indonesia on 14 February 2024 [1][2][3][4] to elect the President, Vice President, People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) which consists of the DPR and the DPD, and members of local legislative bodies.[5] The presidential election, the 5th in the country's history, use a direct, simple majority system. The legislative election, which will be the 13th such election for Indonesia.

2024 Indonesian general election
14 February 2024
Presidential election
Incumbent President

Joko Widodo
PDI-P


Legislative election
PartyLeader Current seats
(DPR: 575, DPD: 136)
PDI-P Megawati Sukarnoputri 128
Golkar Airlangga Hartarto 85
Gerindra Prabowo Subianto 78
Nasdem Surya Paloh 59
PKB Muhaimin Iskandar 58
Demokrat Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono 54
PKS Ahmad Syaikhu 50
PAN Zulkifli Hasan 44
PPP Suharso Monoarfa 19

Electoral system

The previous election was regulated by Law No. 7 of 2017. The General Elections Commission (KPU), a legally independent government body was responsible for organizing the election. In addition, the vote was monitored by the General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu), which also had the authority to rule on violations of election rules (e.g. administrative errors, vote-buying, etc.). Any ethical violations committed by either Bawaslu or the KPU were to be handled by the Elections Organizer Honor Council (Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu DKPP), which consists of one member from each body and five others recommended by the government.

Voters will given five ballot papers: for the president and vice president, Regional Representative Council (DPD), People's Representative Council (DPR), provincial council, and regency/city council (DPRD Provinsi and DPRD Kabupaten/Kota) members. Voters use a nail to poke a hole in the ballot paper indicating which party or candidate they wish to vote for, and then dip their fingers in ink as a precaution against voter fraud.

The voting age for the election is 17, or less if already married. Indonesians living overseas could vote in either the embassies and consulates, mobile polling stations, or by post.

Presidential

In order to run as a presidential candidate, a candidate must be backed by a political party or a coalition thereof which compose either 20 percent of seats in the DPR or 25 percent of popular votes in the prior election, i.e. in the 2019 election.[6] Political parties are allowed to remain neutral if they are unable to propose their own candidate. However, if a neutral party(s) is able to endorse their own candidate, they are required to do so, or face being barred from participating in the next election.

The voting procedure followed a two-round system, with voters simply choosing one of the candidate pairs. A winning candidate was required to win a majority and at least 20% of the votes in over half of Indonesia's provinces. If no candidate pairs had fulfilled the criterion, the election would have to be repeated with a maximum of two participants.

Legislative

Members of both the People's Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional People's Representative Councils (DPRD) are elected from multi-member electoral districts through voting with an open list system, and seat distribution is done with the Sainte-Laguë method. There is a gender quota requiring at least 30% of registered candidates to be female.

A 4% parliamentary threshold is set for parties to be represented in the DPR, though candidates could still win seats in the regional councils provided they won sufficient votes. There are 575 DPR seats contested. Nationally, there are 80 DPR electoral districts, with 272 provincial and 2,206 municipal electoral districts. Candidates for the DPD are not allowed to be members of a political party. Four members are elected for each province – a total of 136 members.

Presidential election

In July 2017, the People's Representative Council (DPR) passed a law that only parties or coalitions with at least 20% of seats in the legislature, or 25% of votes in the previous election are eligible to submit a presidential candidate. Requirements for presidential/vice-presidential candidates are, Indonesian-born citizens, Indonesian citizens who were born abroad, a minimum age of 40 and a requirement to "have a belief in the One and Only God". If the candidates had spouses, they also had to be Indonesian citizens. A criminal record resulting in over five years of incarceration or an active bankruptcy bars a candidate from running.

Legislative election

All legislative candidates has to be Indonesian citizens, over 21 years old, senior high school (or equivalent) graduates, and have never been convicted for a crime resulting in a sentence of 5 years or more. In addition, the candidates for the People's Representative Council (DPR) or local legislatures has to be endorsed by a political party and are required to resign from their non-legislative government offices – except for the president and vice president – or their state-owned company positions. Legislators running for reelection or another body through a new political party are also required to resign.

Opinion polls

Legislatives polls
Main article: Opinion polling for the 2024 Indonesian legislative election
Date Polling firm Sample size Margin of Error PDIP Gerindra Golkar PKB NasDem PKS Demokrat PAN PPP PSI Hanura Ummat Prima Others Lead
11 - 20 April 2022 CPCS[7] 1,200 2.9% 18.1% 12.3% 8.3% 6.8% 4.0% 4.4% 5.1% 1.7% 2.3% 5.5% 0.5% 1.3% - 3.2% 5.8%
14 - 19 April 2022 Indikator Politik
Indonesia[8]		 1,220 2.9% 23.7% 11.4% 10.2% 9.8% 3.9% 5.5% 9.1% 1.1% 3.3% - - - - 3.2% 12,3%
10 - 17 April 2022 Charta Politika[9] 1,220 2.83% 24.7% 11.9% 9.2% 9.8% 5.1% 7.7% 7.7% 1.5% 2.0% 0.2% 0.3% 0.2% - 2.0% 12,8%
28 March - 7 April 2022 SPIN[10] 1,230 2.8% 22.1% 20.6% 6.2% 4.3% 7.6% 6.0% 8.7% 1.1% 3.3% 0.8% 0.2% 0.1% - 2.7% 1.5%
19 March - 4 April 2022 WRC[11] 2,426 1.99% 16.3% 15.7% 16.7% 6.2% 4.2% 6.1% 7.1% 1.8% 1.7% 0.4% 1.3% 0.3% 2.0% 7.5% 0.4%
11 - 31 March 2022 LPMM[12] 2,140 2.12% 18.2% 17.9% 20.7% 4.2% 4.2% 5.4% 4.6% 1.8% 1.6% 0.7% 0.4% 0.3% 1.8% 5.4% 2.5%
21 - 30 March 2022 IndEx[13] 1,200 2.9% 17.5% 13.0% 8.3% 6.4% 4.1% 4.8% 5.4% 1.5% 2.1% 6.1% 0.7% 1.2% - 3.4% 4.5%
21 - 29 March 2022 Populi Center[14] 1,200 2.83% 19.3% 11.6% 11.3% 6.8% 3.1% 5.1% 6.7% 2.5% 3.5% 0.3% 0.5% 0.2% - 2.2% 7.7%
17 - 27 March 2022 IPN[15] 1,200 2.83% 21.2% 19.8% 9.2% 4.2% 8.0% 7.9% 10.3% 1.6% 4.0% - - - - 4.0% 1.4%
11 - 20 March 2022 Polmatrix[16] 2,000 2.2% 16.1% 12.3% 9.6% 9.2% 5.1% 5.0% 8.4% 1.7% 2.3% 6.0% 0.5% 1.3% - 3.5% 3.8%
8 - 18 March 2022 IPS[17] 1,220 2.8% 20.9% 16.5% 11.4% 7.1% 5.5% 7.1% 8.3% 2.6% 2.1% - - - - 2.2% 4.4%
11 - 17 March 2022 IPO[18] 1,220 26.1% 12.7% 8.5% 4.6% 5.8% 6.1% 10.3% 2.2% 2.6% - - - - 3.8% 13.4%
1 - 15 March 2022 DSI[19] 2,500 1.92% 14.8% 14.6% 16.1% 5.2% 5.1% 6.3% 7.2% 2.2% 1.7% 1.1% 1.1% 0.2% 1.9% 6.4% 1.3%
24 February - 9 March 2022 Indonesia Political
Review[20]		 2,140 2.12% 18.3% 18.1% 19.1% 5.2% 7.2% 6.6% 4.2% 1.9% 1.4% 1.1% 0.8% 0.4% 1.8% 5.9% 0.8%
1 - 7 March 2022 Median[21] 1,200 2.83% 19.6% 13.5% 8.8% 8.6% 4.5% 6.3% 10.6% 2.0% 2.5% 1.5% 0.7% 0.2% - 2.6% 6.1%
24 February - 4 March 2022 Y-Publica[22] 1,200 2.89% 15.3% 12.5% 8.6% 6.5% 4.5% 5.2% 8.9% 1.3% 2.4% 5.4% 0.5% 1.4% - 3.2% 2.8%
20 January - 3 February 2022 INES[23] 2,058 2.16% 15.2% 14.8% 18.2% 7.4% 4.7% 5.1% 5.2% 2.8% 2.7% 0.5% 0.9% 0.1% 1.8% 3.9% 3.0%
21 - 31 January 2022 CPCS[24] 1,200 2.9% 15.8% 13.0% 8.1% 6.5% 4.3% 4.6% 5.0% 1.5% 2.6% 5.1% 0.6% 1.6% - 3.3% 2.8%
12 - 28 January 2022 LKPI[25] 1,982 2.21% 15.2% 14.8% 16.9% 5.4% 4.3% 5.3% 5.7% 3.2% 2.2% 1.0% 1.0% 0.1% 1.9% 5.5% 1.7%
3 - 12 January 2022 Trust Indonesia
Research and Consulting[26]		 1,200 2.83% 21.8% 17.3% 10.6% 8.1% 3.9% 9.9% 7.0% 1.9% 2.9% 0.5% 0.1% 0.1% - 2.0% 4.5%
22 December 2021 - 6 January 2022 DSI[27] 1,988 2.2% 13.9% 13.3% 13.6% 6.2% 5.7% 6.7% 5.2% 4.2% 2.1% 1.1% 1.3% 0.9% 1.8% 6.8% 0.3%
26 December 2021 - 5 January 2022 IndEX[28] 1,200 2.9% 16.7% 13.5% 7.0% 6.1% 4.0% 5.5% 4.9% 1.1% 2.5% 5.4% 0.6% 1.3% - 3.3% 3.2%
17 April 2019 Election results[29] 19.33% 12.57% 12.31% 9.69% 9.05% 8.21% 7.77% 6.84% 4.52% 1.89% 1.54% - - 6.27% 6.76%

Presidential polls
Main article: Opinion polling for the 2024 Indonesian presidential election

References
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  23. "Survei INES, 7 Parpol Lewati Ambang Batas 4 Persen". 11 February 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
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