Eurovision Song Contest 1993

The Eurovision Song Contest 1993 was the 38th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Millstreet, Ireland, following the country's victory at the 1992 contest with the song "Why Me?" by Linda Martin. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ), the contest was held at the Green Glens Arena on Saturday 15 May 1993 and was hosted by Irish TV-reporter Fionnuala Sweeney, marking the first time since the 1987 contest that just one presenter had hosted the contest.

Eurovision Song Contest 1993
Dates
Final15 May 1993
Host
VenueGreen Glens Arena,
Millstreet, Ireland
Presenter(s)Fionnuala Sweeney
Musical directorNoel Kelehan
Directed byAnita Notaro
Executive supervisorChristian Clausen
Executive producerLiam Miller
Host broadcasterRaidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ)
Opening actThe story of Eochaid and Étaín in Celtic mythology, transitioning into a video of rural Ireland today.
Interval act"Why Me?", performed by Linda Martin
"Voices (Are Calling)", performed by Johnny Logan with the Children of Millstreet and the Cork School of Music Choirs.
Websiteeurovision.tv/event/millstreet-1993
Participants
Number of entries25
Debuting countries
Returning countriesNone
Non-returning countries Yugoslavia
Participation map
  •      Participating countries     Countries that lost Kvalifikacija za Millstreet     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1993
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Nul points in finalNone
Winning song Ireland
"In Your Eyes"

Twenty-five countries took part in the contest - the biggest number up until then. The breakup of Yugoslavia meant that many new countries wanted to participate in the competition. Therefore, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia all competed for the first time in the contest this year.

Ireland scored a second victory in a row this year with the song "In Your Eyes" by Niamh Kavanagh. This was Ireland's fifth victory, and equalled the tally of five Eurovision victories achieved by France in 1977 and Luxembourg in 1983. Ireland became the fourth country to win two years in a row, after Spain in 1968 and 1969, Luxembourg in 1972 and 1973, and Israel in 1978 and 1979. Additionally, the top two countries of this contest were the same as the top two countries in the previous year's contest, being Ireland and the United Kingdom.

Location
Location of Millstreet and the capital, Dublin, which hosted all the previous Irish-held contests.

The location for this year's edition of the contest was unique, in that Millstreet, with a population at the time of just 1,500 people, was the smallest host town ever chosen for the Eurovision Song Contest.

The owner of the Green Glens Arena, Noel C. Duggan, wrote to the RTÉ on the same night of the Irish victory in the 1992 edition, proposing the free use of the venue to host the contest. The venue, a large indoor and well- equipped equestrian centre that could accommodate a 3500 seated audience was deemed more than suitable as the location by host broadcaster RTÉ. With huge support from local and national authorities, plus several businesses in the region, the town's infrastructure was greatly enhanced in order to accommodate an event of this scale. Killarney, a larger town located 30 kilometres from Millstreet was chosen as a second host town, accommodating the majority of the contestants and delegates. It was also the largest outside broadcast ever attempted by state broadcaster RTÉ and was deemed a technical and logistical success for all involved.

The stage was created by Alan Farquharson, who was also chief production designer two years later in Dublin. The design resembled a scalene triangular shaped performance area, under lit by multicoloured cable lighting and featured a hydraulically controlled walkway, with a mirrored ceiling structure suspended above the stage that mirrored the floor shape and reflected lighting.

BBC newsreader Nicholas Witchell caused controversy by asking Mr Duggan, live on air and shortly before the contest, how he felt about holding a major international cultural event "in a cowshed in Ireland". Noel Duggan replied that, unlike the chaotic 1993 Grand National (which had taken place the previous month, but which was declared void following two false starts and the unsuccessful recall of the second), the 1993 Eurovision would start on time, it would finish on time and there would be a winner. Mr Duggan also noted that the Green Glens Arena was "a horseshed". Mr Witchell subsequently apologized for his question.[1]

Qualification
Main article: Kvalifikacija za Millstreet

In the run-up to this contest, the European Broadcasting Union finally started to grapple with the explosion in the number of potential participating countries, caused by the dissolution of the Eastern bloc, and also by the disintegration of Yugoslavia, which had traditionally been the only communist country to take part in the contest. For the first time, a pre-qualifying round was introduced, but only for countries that had either never participated in the contest at all, or in the case of former republics of Yugoslavia, had not previously competed as nations in their own right. This was, however, merely a 'sticking-plaster' measure that was plainly not a sustainable solution for future years, as it would not be seen as remotely equitable. But in the meantime, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania and Estonia were left to battle it out in a special competition called Kvalifikacija za Millstreet in Ljubljana on 3 April for the mere three places available at the grand final in Millstreet. After some extremely tight voting, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia edged through.

Participating countries

Conductors

Each performance had a conductor who directed the orchestra.[2][3]

Returning artists
Artist Country Previous year(s)
Tony Wegas  Austria 1992
Katri Helena  Finland 1979
Tommy Seebach  Denmark 1979, 1981 (with Debbie Cameron)

Results
Draw Country Artist Song Language[4][5] Place[6] Points
01  Italy Enrico Ruggeri "Sole d'Europa" Italian 12 45
02  Turkey Burak Aydos "Esmer Yarim" Turkish 21 10
03  Germany Münchener Freiheit "Viel zu weit" German 18 18
04   Switzerland Annie Cotton "Moi, tout simplement" French 3 148
05  Denmark Tommy Seebach Band "Under stjernerne på himlen" Danish 22 9
06  Greece Katy Garbi "Ellada, hora tou fotos" (Ελλάδα, χώρα του φωτός) Greek 9 64
07  Belgium Barbara "Iemand als jij" Dutch 25 3
08  Malta William Mangion "This Time" English 8 69
09  Iceland Inga "Þá veistu svarið" Icelandic 13 42
10  Austria Tony Wegas "Maria Magdalena" German 14 32
11  Portugal Anabela "A cidade (até ser dia)" Portuguese 10 60
12  France Patrick Fiori "Mama Corsica" French, Corsican 4 121
13  Sweden Arvingarna "Eloise" Swedish 7 89
14  Ireland Niamh Kavanagh "In Your Eyes" English 1 187
15  Luxembourg Modern Times "Donne-moi une chance" French, Luxembourgish 20 11
16  Slovenia 1X Band "Tih deževen dan" Slovene 22 9
17  Finland Katri Helena "Tule luo" Finnish 17 20
18  Bosnia and Herzegovina Fazla "Sva bol svijeta" Bosnian 16 27
19  United Kingdom Sonia "Better the Devil You Know" English 2 164
20  Netherlands Ruth Jacott "Vrede" Dutch 6 92
21  Croatia Put "Don't Ever Cry" Croatian, English 15 31
22  Spain Eva Santamaría "Hombres" Spanish 11 58
23  Cyprus Zymboulakis and Van Beke "Mi stamatas" (Μη σταματάς) Greek 19 17
24  Israel Lehakat Shiru "Shiru" (שירו) Hebrew, English 24 4
25  Norway Silje Vige "Alle mine tankar" Norwegian 5 120

Scoreboard

Each country had a jury who awarded 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 point(s) for their top ten songs.

The 1993 contest was the last time juries would deliver their votes via telephone lines, with satellite video links introduced the following year.

Voting results[7][8]
Total score
Italy
Turkey
Germany
Switzerland
Denmark
Greece
Belgium
Malta
Iceland
Austria
Portugal
France
Sweden
Ireland
Luxembourg
Slovenia
Finland
Bosnia and Herzegovina
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Croatia
Spain
Cyprus
Israel
Norway
Contestants
 Italy 451710510822
Turkey 101216
Germany 1882341
Switzerland 1481012107854611267128410823643
Denmark 9135
Greece 64222676581277
Belgium 33
Malta 6975475542242464413
Iceland 42441715275222
Austria 3241336123
Portugal 601122582421121235
France 1217412387128106414381086
Sweden 89887107104567710
Ireland 1871215126621238610127123812106107512
Luxembourg 11101
Slovenia 94131
Finland 2038252
Bosnia and Herzegovina 273121443
United Kingdom 16418658121212761088105341054128
Netherlands 9266773635127103710
Croatia 313458164
Spain 585658221067511
Cyprus 172105
Israel 431
Norway 1201010101261085131276128

12 points

Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:

N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
7  Ireland Italy,  Malta,  Norway,  Slovenia,  Sweden,   Switzerland,  United Kingdom
4  United Kingdom Austria,  Belgium,  Iceland,  Israel
3  Norway Croatia,  Finland,  Greece
  Switzerland France,  Germany,  Luxembourg
2  France Denmark,  Portugal
 Portugal Netherlands,  Spain
1  Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Turkey
 Greece Cyprus
 Netherlands Ireland

Spokespersons
  1.  Italy – Peppi Franzelin
  2.  Turkey – Ömer Önder
  3.  Germany – Carmen Nebel
  4.   Switzerland – Michel Stocker[9]
  5.  Denmark – Bent Henius
  6.  Greece – Fotini Giannoulatou[10]
  7.  Belgium – An Ploegaerts
  8.  Iceland – Guðrún Skúladóttir
  9.  Austria – Andy Lee
  10.  Portugal – Margarida Mercês de Melo[11]
  11.  France – Olivier Minne[12] (Co-presenter of the 2021 junior contest)
  12.  Sweden – Gösta Hanson[13]
  13.  Ireland – Eileen Dunne
  14.  Luxembourg – TBC
  15.  Slovenia – Miša Molk
  16.  Finland – Solveig Herlin[14]
  17.  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Dejan Zagorac
  18.  United Kingdom – Colin Berry[3]
  19.  Netherlands – Joop van Os
  20.  Croatia – Velimir Đuretić[15]
  21.  Spain – María Ángeles Balañac[16]
  22.  Cyprus – Anna Partelidou[17]
  23.  Israel – Danny Rup[18]
  24.  Norway – Sverre Christophersen[19]
  25.  Malta – Kevin Drake[20][lower-alpha 2]

Broadcasts

National broadcasters were able to send a commentary team to the contest, in order to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Austria ORF 1 Ernst Grissemann [21]
Hitradio Ö3 Martin Blumenau
 Belgium BRTN TV1 Dutch: André Vermeulen [22]
RTBF1 French: Claude Delacroix [23]
BRTN Radio 2 Dutch: Julien Put
RTBF La Première French: Stéphane Dupont and Patrick Duhamel
 Bosnia and Herzegovina TV BiH Ismeta Dervoz-Krvavac
 Croatia HTV 1 Aleksandar "Aco" Kostadinov [24]
 Cyprus RIK 1 Evi Papamichail [17]
RIK Deftero Pavlos Pavlou
 Denmark DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [25]
DR P3 Ole Jacobsen
 Finland YLE TV1 Erkki Pohjanheimo and Kirsi-Maria Niemi [26][27]
Radiomafia Sanna Kojo and Outi Popp
 France France 2 Patrice Laffont [23]
 Germany Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen Jan Hofer [28]
Deutschlandfunk/WDR 4 Horst Senker
 Greece ET1 Dafni Bokota [29]
ERA 1 Giorgos Mitropoulos
 Iceland Sjónvarpið Jakob Frímann Magnússon [30]
 Ireland RTÉ 1 Pat Kenny
RTÉ Radio 1 Larry Gogan
 Israel Israeli Television No commentator
Reshet Gimel Yigal Ravid
 Italy Rai Uno Ettore Andenna [31]
Rai Radio 2 Antonio De Robertis
 Luxembourg RTL Hei Elei Maurice Molitor
 Malta TVM Charles Saliba
 Netherlands Nederland 3 Willem van Beusekom [32]
Radio 3 Daniël Dekker
 Norway NRK Leif Erik Forberg [33]
NRK P1 Erik Diesen
 Portugal RTP Canal 1 Isabel Bahia [11]
 Slovenia SLO1 Tajda Lekše
 Spain La Primera José Luis Uribarri [34]
 Sweden TV2 Jan Jingryd and Kåge Gimtell [13]
SR P3 Susan Seidemar and Claes-Johan Larsson
  Switzerland SF DRS German: Mariano Tschuor
TSR French: Jean-Marc Richard
TSI Italian: Emanuela Gaggini
 Turkey TRT 1 Bülend Özveren
TRT Radyo 3 Canan Kumbasar
 United Kingdom BBC1 Terry Wogan [3]
BBC Radio 2 Ken Bruce [3]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Australia SBS TV Unknown
 Estonia ETV Unknown
 Hungary MTV 2 István Vágó
 Macedonia MTV 2 Antonio Dimitrievski and Ivan Mirčevski
 Poland TVP1 Artur Orzech and Maria Szabłowska
 Romania TVR2 Doina Caramzulescu
 Russia RTR Vadim Dolgachyov
 Slovakia STV1 Alena Heribanová
Yugoslavia RTS 3K Mladen Popović and Ekstra Nena [35]

Notes and references

Footnotes
  1. The nominated conductor for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sinan Alimanović, was unable to safely commute to the flight to Ireland due to the ongoing Bosnian War; the contest's musical director, Noel Kelehan, subsequently led the orchestra during the Bosnian entry.
  2. Malta was originally scheduled to announce their votes as the 8th country, but instead voted 25th, after all the other countries announced their votes. The reason for this was technical difficulties in the minutes running up to the voting presentation.

References
  1. The Times (25 August 2005). "Witchell caught in off-air spat on VJ Day interview". London. Retrieved 1 December 2010.
  2. "And the conductor is..." Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  3. Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs For Europe - The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Volume Four: The 1990s. UK: Telos Publishing. pp. 131–146. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
  4. "Eurovision Song Contest 1993". The Diggiloo Thrush. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  5. "Eurovision Song Contest 1993". 4Lyrics.eu. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  6. "Final of Millstreet 1993". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  7. "Results of the Final of Millstreet 1993". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  8. "Eurovision Song Contest 1993 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  9. Baumann, Peter Ramón (OGAE Switzerland)
  10. "Εκφωνητές της ΕΡΤ για τις ψήφους της Ελλάδας στην EUROVISION – Page 3". Retromaniax.gr. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  11. "Comentadores Do ESC – escportugalforum.pt.vu | o forum eurovisivo português". 21595.activeboard.com. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  12. Laffont, Patrice et al. (15 May 1993). 38ème Concours Eurovision de la Chanson 1993 [38th Eurovision Song Contest 1993] (Television production). Ireland: RTÉ, France 2 (commentary).
  13. "Infosajten.com". Infosajten.com. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  14. "Selostajat ja taustalaulajat läpi vuosien? • Viisukuppila". Viisukuppila.fi. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  15. "Pogledaj temu – SPOKESPERSONS". Forum.hrt.hr. 29 February 2008. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  16. "María Ángeles Balañac". Imdb.es. 1 May 2009. Archived from the original on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  17. Savvidis, Christos (OGAE Cyprus)
  18. "פורום אירוויזיון". Sf.tapuz.co.il. 13 September 1999. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  19. Dyrseth, Seppo (OGAE Norway)
  20. "Malta eighth in Eurovision contest", The Sunday Times, 16 May 1993
  21. Archived 24 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  22. "Hasselt 2005: Jarige André Vermeulen verzorgt commentaar met Ilse Van Hoecke –". Eurosong.be. 25 October 2005. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  23. Christian Masson. "1993 – Millstreet". Songcontest.free.fr. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  24. "Pogledaj temu – POVIJEST EUROSONGA: 1956 – 1999 (samo tekstovi)". Forum.hrt.hr. 15 May 2009. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  25. "Forside". esconnet.dk. Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  26. "Selostajat ja taustalaulajat läpi vuosien? • Viisukuppila". Viisukuppila.fi. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  27. Julkaistu To, 29 April 2010 – 10:19 (29 April 2010). "YLE Radio Suomen kommentaattorit | Euroviisut | yle.fi | Arkistoitu". yle.fi. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  28. "Eurovision Song Contest 1993". Ecgermany.de. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  29. "Η Δάφνη Μπόκοτα και η EUROVISION (1987–2004)". Retromaniax.gr. Archived from the original on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  30. "Dagblaðið Vísir – DV, 13.05.1993". Timarit.is. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  31. Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Enrico Ruggeri Sole d'Europa Eurofestival 1993". YouTube. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  32. "Welkom op de site van Eurovision Artists". Eurovisionartists.nl. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  33. "Hvem kommenterte før Jostein Pedersen? – Debattforum". Nrk.no. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  34. "FORO FESTIVAL DE EUROVISIÓN • Ver Tema – Uribarri comentarista Eurovision 2010". Eurosongcontest.phpbb3.es. Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  35. No live broadcast; RTS provided a special TV programme about the 1993 contest.
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