1604 Arica earthquake
The 1604 Arica earthquake is an earthquake that occurred at 1:30 pm on November 24, 1604, offshore Arica, Chile (formerly part of the Spanish Empire). The estimated magnitude range is 8.0–8.5 Ms and possibly as much as 9.0 Mw. It had a destructive tsunami that destroyed Arica and caused major damage at Arequipa. 1,200 km of coastline were affected by the tsunami.[2] The recorded effects of this earthquake are very similar to those for the 1868 Arica event, suggesting a similar magnitude and rupture area of the megathrust between the subducting Nazca Plate and the overriding South American Plate.[3] Tsunami deposits have been identified on the Chatham Islands that are likely to have been caused by a trans-Pacific tsunami caused by the 1604 earthquake.[4]
| Local date | November 24, 1604 |
|---|---|
| Local time | 13:30 |
| Magnitude | 8.5 Ms |
| Depth | 30 km (19 mi)[1] |
| Epicenter | 18.5°S 70.4°W |
| Type | Thrust fault |
| Areas affected | Arica, (then part of Chile), Arequipa, Peru |
| Max. intensity | XI (Extreme)[1] |
| Tsunami | yes |
| Casualties | 100+[1] |
References
- National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service: NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. "Significant Earthquake Information". doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K. Retrieved 2022-03-30.
- Lomnitz, C. (2004). "Major Earthquakes of Chile: A Historical Survey, 1535–1960". Seismological Research Letters. 75 (3): 368–378. doi:10.1785/gssrl.75.3.368.
- Okal, E.A.; Borrero, J.C.; Synolakis, C.E. (2006). "Evaluation of Tsunami Risk from Regional Earthquakes at Pisco, Peru" (PDF). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 96 (5): 1634–1648. doi:10.1785/0120050158.
- Goff, J.; Nichol, S.; Chagué-Goff, C.; Horrocks, M.; McFadgen, B.; Cisternas, M. (2010). "Predecessor to New Zealand's largest historic trans-South Pacific tsunami of 1868 AD". Marine Geology. 275 (1–4): 155–165. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2010.05.006.