20s
The 20s decade ran from January 1, AD 20, to December 31, AD 29.
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
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In Europe, the 20s saw revolts by the Aedui, Thracian tribesmen, and the Frisians against the Roman Empire. In North Africa, Tacfarinas, a Numidian Berber deserter, led the Musulamii tribe and a loose and changing coalition of other Berber tribes in revolt, before being defeated in AD 24. In China, the Xin dynasty collapsed and the Eastern Han dynasty was established. In Korea, Daemusin of Goguryeo annexed Dongbuyeo and killed its king Daeso.
In science, the 20s saw the manufacture of pens and metal writing tools in Rome. Major disasters of this decade include a fire in Rome, and the collapse of a poorly built amphitheatre in Fidenae, which killed 20,000 of the 50,000 spectators. In 27, Christianity was born as a Jewish sect in Jerusalem. Geographica, an encyclopedia of geographical knowledge created by Strabo, was finished no later than AD 23.
Events
AD 20
By place
Roman Empire
- Galba, the future emperor, is a Roman praetor.
- Emperor Tiberius is forced to order an investigation and a public trial in the Roman Senate, for the murder of Germanicus. Fearing he will be found guilty, Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso commits suicide.
By topic
AD 21
By place
Roman Empire
- The Aedui revolt under Julius Florus and Julius Sacrovir; the revolt is suppressed by Gaius Silius.
- Emperor Tiberius is a Roman Consul for the fourth time.
- The Romans create a buffer state in the territory of the Quadi, in southern Slovakia.
- Barracks are constructed for the Praetorian Guard, on the Quirinal (located on the Seven Hills of Rome).
Korea
- King Daeso of Dongbuyeo is killed in battle against the armies of Goguryeo, led by its third ruler, King Daemusin.
By topic
AD 22
By place
AD 23
By place
Roman Empire
- Greek geographer Strabo publishes Geography, a work covering the world known to the Romans and Greeks at the time of Emperor Augustus – it is the only such book to survive from the ancient world.[2]
- Emperor Tiberius' son Drusus Julius Caesar dies.[3] From that point forward, he seems to lose interest in the Empire and occupies himself with the pursuit of pleasure.
- Lucius Aelius Sejanus begins to dominate the Roman Senate and Tiberius, after the death of Drusus.[4]
China
- Liu Xuan, a descendant of the Han Dynasty royal family and leader of insurgents against the Xin Dynasty, proclaims himself emperor against Wang Mang.[5]
- July – After being under siege for two months, about 19,000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops in the Battle of Kunyang, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang's Xin Dynasty and restoration of the Han Dynasty.[6]
- October 6 — Emperor Liu Xuan's forces kill Wang Mang at the end of a three-day siege.
AD 24
By place
Roman Empire
- The Roman war against Numidia and Mauretania ends with their annexation.
- Tacfarinas' revolt in Africa is repressed.
- The Senate expels actors from Rome.
AD 25
By place
Roman Empire
- Emperor Tiberius settles a dispute between Messenia and Sparta over the Ager Dentheliales on Mount Taygetus, awarding the land to Messenia.
- Lucius Aelius Sejanus unsuccessfully attempts to marry Livilla.
China
- August 5 – The Han Dynasty is restored in China as Liu Xiu proclaims himself Emperor Guangwu of Han, starting the Jianwu era (until AD 56).
- November 27 – Luoyang becomes the capital of the Houhan or Eastern Han Dynasty.
AD 26
By place
Roman Empire
- Pontius Pilate is appointed as prefect of Judea.
- Emperor Tiberius retires to Capri, leaving the Praetorian Guard under Lucius Aelius Sejanus in charge of the Roman Empire and the city of Rome.
- Romans crush an uprising of Thracian tribesmen.[8]
AD 27
By place
Roman Empire
- Fire in Rome.[9]
- A poorly built amphitheatre in Fidenae collapses, killing 20,000 of the 50,000 spectators.[10]
- Using the dates and ranges listed in the Gospel of Luke, this year can be established as when John the Baptist begins preaching in the Jordan. It is also likely that Jesus was baptised by John in the final months of this year before his temptation and the first of three Passovers listed in the Gospel of John.
- An Arc of Triumph is erected in Rimini, in honor of the former Emperor Augustus.
By topic
AD 28
By place
Germania
- Roman legions in Germania are transported by fleet to the fortress of Flevum on the Rhine, to operate against the rebellious Frisians.[11]
- The Frisians negotiate a treaty with the Roman Empire at the River Rhine, avoiding conquest.
Judea
- According to the Gospel of Luke (Luke 3:1-2), the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus begin at the earliest in this year, and more likely in AD 29.[13]
AD 29
By place
Roman Empire
- Agrippina the Elder is exiled to the island of Pandataria, and her sons (except Caligula) are imprisoned by Lucius Aelius Sejanus.
- Aulus Plautius, later military leader of the invasion of Britain under Emperor Claudius, becomes suffect consul alongside Lucius Nonius Asprenas.
By topic
Religion
- According to the Gospel of Luke (Luke 3:1-2), the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus probably began in this year.[13] Jesus baptized by John the Baptist.
- Jesus executed according to Roman Catholic tradition.[14]
Significant people
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References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 20s. |
- Williams, Rose (2013). Caesar's Blood: Greek Tragedy in Roman Life. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-61041-102-8.
- Roller, Duane W. (1998). The building program of Herod the Great. University of California Press. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-520-20934-3.
- Bunson, Matthew (2002). Encyclopedia of the Roman empire (2nd ed.). Infobase Publishing. pp. 187–188. ISBN 978-0-8160-4562-4.
- Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy A. (2004). Handbook to life in ancient Rome (2nd ed.). Infobase Publishing. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-8160-5026-0.
- Giele, Enno (2006). Imperial decision-making and communication in early China: a study of Cai Yong's Duduan. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 218. ISBN 978-3-447-05334-1.
- Schram, Stuart R. (1992). Mao's road to power: revolutionary writings 1912–1949. Vol. 1. M.E. Sharpe. p. 366. ISBN 978-1-56324-457-5.
- "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
- Tacitus, The Annals 4.46-4.51
- Tacitus, The Annals 4.64
- Tacitus, The Annals 4.63
- Tacitus, The Annals 4.73
- "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
- Colin Humphreys, The Mystery of the Last Supper Cambridge University Press 2011 ISBN 978-0-521-73200-0, page 65
- "Chronology of the Life of Jesus Christ". Catholic Encyclopedia.