2022 Colombian presidential election

Presidential elections will be held in Colombia on 29 May 2022. If no candidate receives a majority of the vote, a second round of voting will be held on 19 June.[1] Incumbent President Iván Duque is ineligible for a second term.

2022 Colombian presidential election

29 May 2022 (first round)
19 June 2022 (second round, if necessary)
Opinion polls
 
Nominee Gustavo Petro Federico Gutiérrez
Party Humane Colombia Independent
Alliance Historic Pact Team for Colombia
Home state Córdoba Antioquia
Running mate Francia Márquez Rodrigo Lara

 
Nominee Sergio Fajardo Rodolfo Hernández
Party ASI Independent
Alliance Hope Center LIGA
Home state Antioquia Santander
Running mate Luis Gilberto Murillo Marelen Castillo

Incumbent President

Iván Duque
Democratic Center



Electoral system

Colombian presidents are elected for four-year terms using a two-round system; if no candidate receives a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff is held between the top two candidates.[2] The Vice President is elected on the same ticket as the President. Presidents are limited to a single four-year term and Article 191 of the constitution requires candidates to be Colombian by birth and at least thirty years old.

In line with the constitution, Colombian citizens by birth or by naturalization, aged eighteen or older have the right to vote. Several scenarios can cause the loss of the right to vote, as outlined in the constitution. Citizens in detention centers can vote from the establishments determined by the National Civil Registry. The civil registry inscription is not automatic, and citizens must go to the regional office of the Registry to register.[3]

Legislative Act No. 2 of 2015 established that the runner-up in the presidential elections is given a seat in the Senate and their vice president candidate will become a member of the House of Representatives.[4]

Registration of candidates

In order to be accepted as a candidate, applicants must either have the backing of a recognized political party in order to run as their official candidate, or to collect a minimum number of signatures in order to run as an independent candidate. The National Registry confirmed that the minimum number of signatures required was 580,620, equivalent to 3% of the total valid vote in the 2018 Colombian presidential election, and that they had to be delivered to the registry by 17 December 2021.[5] On 17 December, the National Registry confirmed that seven pre-candidates had delivered the necessary number of signatures: Alejandro Char, Rodolfo Hernández, Federico Gutiérrez, Alejandro Gaviria, Luis Pérez, Roy Barreras and Juan Carlos Echeverry.[6] Of these seven pre-candidates, Char, Gutiérrez and Gaviria accepted the endorsements of political parties, thereby bypassing the necessity to run as independents, while Barreras and Echeverry later decided to drop out of the presidential race.[7][8] This left Hernández and Pérez as the only independent candidates in the race.

Candidates

Summary of candidates

The following candidates registered with the National Registrar of Civil Status and will appear on the ballot of the first round.[9]

Party/coalition Logo Presidential nominee Most recent political office Vice-Presidential nominee
Fair and Free Colombia John Milton Rodríguez Senator of Colombia
(2018–2022)
Sandra de las Lajas Torres
Historic Pact for Colombia Gustavo Petro Senator of Colombia
(2018–present)
Francia Márquez
Hope Center Coalition Sergio Fajardo Governor of Antioquia
(2012–2015)
Luis Gilberto Murillo
Independent Luis Pérez Governor of Antioquia
(2016–2019)
Ceferino Mosquera
League of Anti-Corruption Governors Rodolfo Hernández Mayor of Bucaramanga
(2016–2019)
Marelene Castillo
National Salvation Movement Enrique Gómez No prior public office Carlos Cuartes
Oxygen Green Party Íngrid Betancourt Senator of Colombia
(1998–2001)
José Luis Esparza
Team for Colombia Federico Gutiérrez Mayor of Medellín
(2016–2019)
Rodrigo Lara

Historic Pact for Colombia

The Historic Pact for Colombia (Spanish: Pacto Histórico por Colombia) is a coalition of left-wing, progressive and indigenous politicians. Five pre-candidates representing six political parties or movements announced that they would be standing for election as the unified presidential candidate for the coalition. The candidate was chosen by public vote on 13 March 2022.[10]

The candidates were:

Gustavo Petro was announced as the winner of the public vote and will be the candidate of the Historic Pact for Colombia coalition in the presidential election.[13]

Hope Center Coalition

The Hope Center Coalition (Spanish: Coalición Centro Esperanza), formerly known as the Coalition of Hope (Spanish: Coalición de la Esperanza) until 28 November 2021,[14] is a coalition of centre and centre-left politicians. Five pre-candidates announced that they would be standing for election as the unified presidential candidate for the coalition. The candidate was chosen by public vote on 13 March 2022.[15]

The candidates were:

Sergio Fajardo was announced as the winner of the public vote and will be the candidate of the Hope Center Coalition in the presidential election.[16]

Team for Colombia Coalition

The Team for Colombia Coalition (Spanish: Coalición Equipo por Colombia) is a coalition of centre-right and right-wing politicians. Five pre-candidates announced that they would be standing for election as the unified presidential candidate for the coalition. The candidate was chosen by public vote on 13 March 2022.[17]

The candidates were:

Federico Gutiérrez was announced as the winner of the public vote and will be the candidate of the Team for Colombia Coalition in the presidential election.[18]

Other candidates

  • Íngrid Betancourt, former senator (Oxygen Green Party). Betancourt announced her candidacy on 18 January 2022[19] and originally joined the Hope Center Coalition. However, following a dispute with fellow coalition pre-candidate Alejandro Gaviria, Betancourt announced on 29 January that she was leaving the coalition and would run as an independent candidate under her own Oxygen Green (Spanish: Verde Oxígeno) party.[20]
  • Rodolfo Hernández, former mayor of Bucaramanga (League of Anti-Corruption Governors). Hernández announced on 29 June 2021 that he would run as an independent candidate.[21] On 13 December 2021, Hernández announced that he had delivered nearly 1.9 million signatures to the National Registry in support of his candidacy.[22]
  • Luis Pérez, former mayor of Medellín and former governor of Antioquia (Colombia Think Big). Pérez announced on 26 February 2021 that he would be running for the presidency as an independent candidate.[23] On 15 December 2021, it was confirmed that Pérez had received the necessary number of signatures to be officially declared as a candidate.[24]
  • John Milton Rodríguez, senator (Just and Free Colombia). Rodríguez was chosen as the candidate of the evangelical Christian party Just and Free Colombia (Spanish: Colombia Justa Libres) at the party's national convention in November 2021, obtaining 75% of the delegates' votes.[25]
  • Enrique Gómez Martínez (National Salvation Movement). On 1 November 2021, Gómez Martínez announced that he was relaunching the conservative National Salvation Movement (Spanish: Movimiento Salvación Nacional) that had been founded by his late uncle Álvaro Gómez Hurtado.[26] On 1 December 2021, the National Registry accepted the return of the National Salvation Movement as a political party, and Gómez Martínez became the party's presidential candidate.[27]

Withdrew

  • Óscar Iván Zuluaga, former Minister of Finance and Public Credit and runner-up in the 2014 Colombian presidential election (Democratic Center). It was announced that the candidate for the centre-right Democratic Center party would be chosen via two polls conducted internally during November 2021.[28] The polls were conducted by the two polling agencies Centro Nacional de Consultoría (CNC) and YanHass via telephone, and polled 2,100 party members (comprising 25% of the final weighting) and 2,100 members of the public (comprising the remaining 75% weighting).[29][30] In both polls Zuluaga emerged comfortably as the preferred candidate, winning 53% of the vote in the CNC poll and 52% of the vote in the YanHass poll, and he was announced as the Democratic Center's candidate on 22 November 2021.[30] He beat four other pre-candidates: María Fernanda Cabal (23% and 27% in the CNC and YanHass polls, respectively), Paloma Valencia (11% and 9%), Alirio Barrera (8% and 7%), and Rafael Nieto Loiaza (5% and 5%).[29] The result of the vote caused controversy, with Cabal in particular disputing the results of the polls and accusing current president Iván Duque (also of the Democratic Center party) of interfering with the voting process to ensure that Zuluaga would win.[31] Following his victory, Zuluaga was invited to join the Team for Colombia Coalition, but he originally declined the invitation.[32] However, following Federico Gutiérrez's nomination as the Team for Colombia candidate, Zuluaga withdrew his candidacy and stated that he would support Gutiérrez's campaign.[33]
  • Luis Gilberto Murillo, former governor of Chocó and former Minister of Environment and Sustainable Development (Colombia Reborn). Murillo had been expected to be a pre-candidate for the Hope Center Coalition, but on 21 January 2022 he announced that he would run independently as the candidate for the Colombia Reborn (Spanish: Colombia Renaciente) party.[34] He later stated that he had not felt welcome within the Hope Center Coalition.[35] However, on 17 March he announced he would suspend his presidential bid to become the vice presidential nominee of the Hope Center Coalition.[36]

Campaign

The economist and former mayor of Bogotá, Gustavo Petro, previously a candidate in the 2018 presidential election, is leading some opinion polls and could become the first president of Colombia from a left-wing coalition. His political party, Humane Colombia, has promoted the creation of the Historic Pact for Colombia coalition, which includes social movements, socialist, environmental and feminist associations. The ideological diversity of the coalition is seen as a source of internal tension. Petro has been trying to win over more of the middle class during his campaign, which has led him to moderate his economic program and his criticism of the private sector, while trying to distance himself from Venezuela, which he previously supported. He is critical of Colombia's neoliberal economic system and its reliance on oil and gas. He advocates progressive proposals on women's rights and LGBTQ issues, and supports a peace agreement between the state and the guerrillas.[37][38]

The centrist coalition, made up of significant figures ranging from the center-left to the center-right, is placed as second most voted in some opinion polls. The coalition is seen as having strong support among the upper socio-economic strata in the big cities.[39]

Debates

Media outlet and date Location Moderator(s)  P  Present  A  Absent/Non invitee
Betancourt Fajardo Gómez Gutiérrez Hernández Pérez Petro Rodríguez
El Tiempo - Semana

14 March 2022[40]

Bogotá Andrés Mompotes
Vicky Dávila
P A A P A A P A
Red+ Noticias - El Colombiano - Vanguardia - El Heraldo - El País - El Universal - Q'Hubo Radio

17 March 2022[41]

Antioquia Luz María Sierra
Giovanni Celis
P P A P A A A A
Universidad Externado

29 March 2022[42]

Bogotá Karina Guerreroa
Darío Fernando Patiño
P A P A A P P P
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - La Silla Vacía

31 March 2022[43]

Bogotá Sebastián Líppez
Juanita León
P P A A A A A A
Canal Capital - Región Administrativa y de Planeación Especial

7 April 2022[44]

Bogotá Darío Restrepo
Lina Pulido
P P P A A P A P

Opinion polls

Polls after finalisation of candidates

Polling organisation/client Date(s) conducted Sample
size
Gustavo Petro Federico Gutiérrez Rodolfo Hernández Sergio Fajardo Íngrid Betancourt John Milton Rodríguez Enrique Gómez Luis Pérez Others Blank No vote Unsure/No answer Margin of Error
Guarumo[45] 1 May 2022 2,132 36.4% 30.6% 12.4% 6.9% 1.3% 1.1% 1.1% 0.2% 5.7% 4.3% 2.5%
Invamer[46] 29 April 2022 1,409 43.6% 26.7% 13.9% 6.5% 0.5% 1.5% 1.1% 0.5% 5.7% 2.55%
CNC/Semana[47] 22 April 2022 4,599 38% 23.8% 9.6% 7.2% 0.9% 0.9% 0.3% 0.4% 7.6% 2.1% 8.8% 1.4%
CELAG[48] 21 April 2022 3,064 42.6% 21.8% 11.5% 9.2% 1.0% 6.6% 1.4% 5.1% 2.19%
CNC[49] 7 April 2022 1,965 34% 23% 12% 9% 2% 1% 0% 0% 4% 2% 12% 2.2%
Guarumo[50] 3 April 2022 1,865 34% 25% 9.3% 9.5% 2.6% 0.6% 1.6% 0.3% 10.3% 7.4% 2.5%
CNC/Semana[51] 28–31 March 2022 4,206 36.5% 24.5% 10% 8.4% 1.5% 0.9% 0.5% 0.3% 0.3% 8.1% 2.8% 6.2% 1.5%
Yanhaas[52] 21 March 2022 1,236 37% 19% 11% 10% 2% 0.3% 0.2% 16% 5% 3.2
CNC/Semana[53] 20 March 2022 2,143 32% 23% 10% 10% 3% 1% 0% 5% 2% 13% 2.1%

Polls before finalisation of candidates

Polling organisation/client Date(s) conducted Sample
size
Gustavo Petro Sergio Fajardo Juan Manuel Galán Federico Gutiérrez Alejandro Char Rodolfo Hernández Íngrid Betancourt Jorge Robledo Alejandro Gaviria Others Blank
vote
No
vote
Don't know/No response Margin of error
YanHass/RCN, La República and others[54] 25–31 Jan 2022 1,225 27% 7% 3% 3% 5% 12% 4% 2% 1% 1% 19% 8% 3.2%
CNC/Semana[55] 26 Jan–2 Feb 2022 2,206 27% 6% 4% 4% 5% 14% 4% 7% 2% 11% 6% 6% 2.1%
CELAG[56] 13 Jan–4 Feb 2022 2,126 28.1% 7.2% 2.3% 2.2% 11.3% 4.1% 3.2% 3.4% 11.8% 15.1% 10.1% 2.19%

Results

CandidateRunning mateParty
Íngrid BetancourtJosé Luis EsparzaOxygen Green Party
Sergio FajardoLuis Gilberto MurilloIndependent Social Alliance (Hope Center)
Enrique GómezCarlos CuartasNational Salvation Movement
Federico GutiérrezRodrigo Lara SánchezIndependent (Team for Colombia)
Rodolfo HernándezMarelen CastilloLIGA
John Milton RodríguezSandra de las LajasFair and Free Colombia
Luis Pérez GutiérrezCeferino MosqueraIndependent
Gustavo PetroFrancia MárquezHumane Colombia (Historic Pact)
Total

See also

References

  1. Holly K. Sonneland; Hope Wilkinson (14 March 2022). "Explainer: Who's Who in Colombia's 2022 Presidential Race". AS/COA. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
  2. Sonneland, Holly K. (28 June 2017). "Explainer: Colombia's 2018 Elections". AS/COA. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  3. Colombia. "¿Cómo funciona el proceso de inscripción de cédulas?". Colombia.
  4. Secretaria General del Senado. "Acto Legislativo número 02 de 2015". secretariasenado.gov.co (in Spanish).
  5. "Registraduría aclara reglas de juego para precandidatos por firmas". El Colombiano (in Spanish). 8 October 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  6. "Siete aspirantes a la Presidencia inscribieron sus candidaturas por firmas". El Espectador (in Spanish). 17 December 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  7. "Roy Barreras declina su candidatura a la presidencia". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 9 December 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  8. "El exministro Juan Carlos Echeverry desistió de su candidatura presidencial". El Espectador (in Spanish). 13 January 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  9. "Se sortearon las posiciones de los candidatos en la tarjeta electoral para las elecciones presidenciales 2022 y se anunciaron cambios en el formulario E-14 y en la designación de jurados". registraduria.gov.co (in Spanish). 29 March 2022. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  10. "Petro será el primero del tarjetón de la consulta del Pacto Histórico". El Espectador (in Spanish). 4 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  11. Hernan, Gonzales Rodriguez (11 June 2021). "Gustavo Petro: ¿presidente en 2022?". ELESPECTADOR.COM (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  12. Francia Márquez launches her presidential candidacy, 5 September 2021
  13. Neira Goyeneche, Armando (13 March 2022). "Gustavo Petro gana consulta del Pacto Histórico y estas son sus propuestas". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  14. "Humo blanco: nace Coalición Centro Esperanza para las elecciones presidenciales". El Espectador (in Spanish). 28 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  15. "Así quedó el orden del tarjetón de la consulta de la Coalición Centro Esperanza". El Espectador (in Spanish). 2 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  16. "Sergio Fajardo gana la consulta Centro Esperanza y estas son sus propuestas". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 13 March 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  17. "Así será el tarjetón de la consulta del Equipo por Colombia". El Espectador (in Spanish). 4 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  18. Mercado, Alejandro (13 March 2022). "Fico Gutiérrez gana consulta Equipo por Colombia y estas son sus propuestas". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  19. "Ingrid Betancourt: Former Farc captive announces presidential bid". BBC. 19 January 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  20. Torrado, Santiago (29 January 2022). "Ingrid Betancourt abandona la coalición de centro en Colombia". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  21. "Rodolfo Hernández inscribio su candidatura para la Presidencia en 2022". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 29 June 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  22. Cortés, Sebastián (13 December 2021). "Con pulla a Petro, Rodolfo Hernández entregó las firmas para su candidatura". Caracol Radio (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  23. "Exgobernador de Antioquia anuncia que será candidato presidencial". El Universal (in Spanish). 26 February 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  24. "Con un millón de firmas, Luis Pérez oficializó su candidatura presidencial". Semana (in Spanish). 15 December 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  25. Correa Escobar, María Kamila (14 November 2021). "John Milton Rodríguez es el candidato presidencial único de Colombia Justa Libres". W Radio (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  26. González Penagos, Javier (1 November 2021). ""Hoy termina la gesta judicial y nace la política": Enrique Gómez Martínez". El Espectador (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  27. Ramírez, Fabián (1 December 2021). "Enrique Gómez Martínez será candidato presidencial del Partido Salvación Nacional". Caracol TV (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  28. "Hoy empiezan las encuestas del uribismo para elegir a su candidato presidencial". RCN Radio (in Spanish). 10 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  29. "Centro Democrático publicó los resultados de sus encuestas para escoger candidato único". El País (in Spanish). 27 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  30. "Óscar Iván Zuluaga repite: será candidato presidencial del CD para el 2022". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 22 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  31. "María Fernanda Cabal: 'Duque le apostó a Zuluaga para sacarme del juego'". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 1 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  32. "Óscar Iván Zuluaga reafirma que no se unirá a la coalición Equipo por Colombia". El País (in Spanish). 20 January 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  33. "Óscar Iván Zuluaga renuncia a su candidatura presidencial". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 14 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  34. "¿Ruptura? Luis Gilberto Murillo no hará parte de la Coalición Centro Esperanza". El Colombiano (in Spanish). 21 January 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  35. ""Sentí que no era bienvenido en la coalición": Luis Gilberto Murillo". Semana (in Spanish). 11 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  36. "Luis Murillo, candidato a Vicepresidencia: 'Llegar a la Colombia profunda'". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 17 March 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  37. Vassallo, Guido (2 January 2022). "Gustavo Petro, la esperanza progresista para superar la crisis de Colombia | En mayo los colombianos elegirán al sucesor del presidente Iván Duque". PAGINA12.
  38. "Meet the Candidates: Colombia". Americas Quarterly. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  39. Galindo, Jorge (2 January 2022). "Rumbo a las presidenciales colombianas: muchos candidatos, pero tres corrientes de voto". El País.
  40. "Debate Presidencial 2022: así fue el encuentro entre Petro, Fico e Ingrid". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 14 March 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  41. "#ElDebateDeLasRegiones con los candidatos presidenciales". El Colombiano (in Spanish). 17 March 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  42. "El Externado le cumplió desde la neutralidad a la democracia de Colombia" (in Spanish). Universidad Externado de Colombia. 29 March 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  43. "LOS JÓVENES LES PREGUNTAN A LOS CANDIDATOS EN DEBATE DE LA JAVERIANA Y LA SILLA". LaSilla Vacía. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  44. "¿Qué proponen los candidatos presidenciales para las regiones?". La Opinión. 9 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  45. Neira, Armando (1 May 2022). "Petro y Fico, favoritos para primera vuelta, pero habría empate en segunda". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
  46. "Petro baja un punto, pero sigue arriba; Fico sube 18 y Fajardo pierde 8,5: encuesta Invamer". Caracol TV (in Spanish). 29 April 2022. Archived from the original on 29 April 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  47. "Atención Gustavo Petro consolida su ventaja y se perfila como el próximo presidente: encuesta del CNC". Semana (in Spanish). 22 April 2022. Archived from the original on 24 April 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  48. "Encuesta Colombia, abril 2022". CELAG (in Spanish). 21 April 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  49. "Nueva encuesta: empate técnico entre Petro y Fico en segunda vuelta". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 8 April 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  50. "Dos encuestas vaticinan una disputada segunda vuelta entre Petro y Fico". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 4 April 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  51. "Petro y Fico, adelante en la 1.ª vuelta; para la 2.ª se aprieta el duelo". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 2 April 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
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  53. "Petro y Fico se separan del lote en nueva encuesta presidencial". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 20 March 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  54. "Petro, Fajardo y Gutiérrez puntean en intención de voto en coaliciones". El Colombiano (in Spanish). 6 February 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  55. "Intención de voto Consultas y Presidenciales" (PDF) (in Spanish). Semana/CNC. 2 February 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  56. "PANORAMA POLÍTICO Y SOCIAL COLOMBIA" (PDF) (in Spanish). CELAG. February 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
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