2021–22 Macclesfield season

The 2021–22 season was the first in the history of Macclesfield Football Club. In addition to the North West Counties Premier League, they entered the FA Cup, FA Vase, NWCFL Challenge Cup and the Cheshire Senior Cup. The club went on to win promotion to the NPL Division One West.[1]

Macclesfield
2021–22 season
OwnerRobert Smethurst
ManagerDanny Whitaker
StadiumLeasing.com Stadium
NWCFL Premier Division1st (promoted)
FA CupPreliminary Round
FA VaseFirst Qualifying Round
NWCFL Challenge CupQuarter-final
Top goalscorerLeague: Tom Clare & Neil Danns (21 goals)
All: Tom Clare (23 goals)
Highest home attendance4,720 vs. AFC Liverpool,
NWCFL Premier Division,
(2 April 2022)
Lowest home attendance402 vs. Cheadle Heath Nomads,
Cheshire Senior Cup First Round,
(2 November 2021)
Average home league attendance3,390
Biggest win6–0 vs. Vauxhall Motors (A)
(22 February 2022)
6–0 vs. Avro (H)
(19 March 2022)

On 31 July 2021 Macclesfield played their first competitive match, a 1–0 win at home against Burscough in the NWCFL Premier Division played in front of a restricted capacity sell-out crowd of 2,018; Leon Arnasalam scored the only goal.[2] The club's first away match was on 3 August, a 4–4 draw at Winsford United, also in the NWCFL Premier Division, with Tom Clare scoring all four Macclesfield goals.[3] On 7 August Macclesfield played their first FA Cup match, beating Burscough 4–0 in the Extra Preliminary Round, but were then knocked out of the FA Cup in the Preliminary Round losing 6–4 at Squires Gate.[4]

On 30 August Macclesfield defeated local rivals Congleton Town 1–0 in the NWCFL Premier Division in front of a record crowd of 3,502, James Berry-McNally scoring the only goal.[5] The match was suspended for several minutes late in the second half due to crowd trouble.[6] It was the first time the neighbouring towns had met in a league match since the 1964–65 season.[7]

Macclesfield F.C. was featured in a BBC Sport documentary film, Robbie Savage: Making Macclesfield FC, broadcast on 13 November 2021, which described the launch of the new club following the collapse of Macclesfield Town.[8]

Despite a relatively poor run of form at the start of the new year (L2, D1, W2 in January), a run of ten consecutive wins followed, in which 37 goals were scored and only four conceded.[9] On 12 March 2022, Macclesfield secured the North West Counties Premier Division title and promotion to the NPL Division One West after a 4–0 win against Ashton Athletic, becoming the first club in England's top nine tiers in 2022 to guarantee promotion.[10] Macclesfield finished their league campaign on 2 April, 15 points clear of second-placed Skelmersdale United.[11]

Pre-season friendlies
28 June 2021 (2021-06-28) New Mills 2–3 Macclesfield New Mills
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Trialist 80'
Trialist 83'		 Report Clare 38'
Crofton 79' 80'		 Stadium: Church Lane
Attendance: 377
3 July 2021 (2021-07-03) Macclesfield Match cancelled Congleton Town Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
6 July 2021 (2021-07-06) Witton Albion 1–3 Macclesfield Northwich
19:45 BST (UTC+01) 11' Maieco 10'
Clare 56'
Crofton 86'		 Stadium: Wincham Park
10 July 2021 (2021-07-10) Macclesfield 2–2 Leek Town Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Maieco 48'
Clare 68'		 Report Trickett-Smith 32'
Dickov 60'		 Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
13 July 2021 (2021-07-13) Winstanley Warriors 1–7 Macclesfield Wigan
19:00 BST (UTC+01) 6' Maieco 2'
Mendy 22'
Grimshaw 38'
Dwyer 60' 68' 80'
Owen 90'		 Stadium: Little Lane
17 July 2021 (2021-07-17) Macclesfield 0–0 Stalybridge Celtic Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
20 July 2021 (2021-07-20) Buxton 2–1 Macclesfield Buxton
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Chambers 17'
Mills 57'		 48' (o.g.) Stadium: The Silverlands
Attendance: 300
23 July 2021 (2021-07-23) Macclesfield 0–3 Chester Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Cartwright 12' 17'
Waring 46'		 Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
24 July 2021 (2021-07-24) Macclesfield 1–1 Stockport County Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Coker 85' Alli Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
27 July 2021 (2021-07-27) Macclesfield 0–1 F.C. United of Manchester Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Report Waddecar 46' Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium

Competitions

NWCFL Premier Division
Main article: 2021–22 North West Counties Football League § Premier Division

League table
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Promotion, qualification or relegation
1 Macclesfield (C, P) 40 29 7 4 94 38 +56 94 Promotion to the NPL Division One West
2 Skelmersdale United (O, P) 40 24 7 9 94 51 +43 79 Qualification for an inter-step play-off[lower-alpha 1]
3 Wythenshawe Town 40 23 9 8 83 43 +40 78
4 Charnock Richard 40 24 6 10 106 69 +37 78
5 Northwich Victoria 40 19 6 15 74 64 +10 63
Source: NWCFL Tables, Non League Matters
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored; 4) number of matches won; 5) head-to-head results[14]
(C) Champion; (O) Play-off winner; (P) Promoted
Notes:
  1. Contested a one-off inter-step play-off match as one of the bottom six runners-up from Step 5 with the most points per game (PPG) against a third-from-bottom club out of six from Step 4 with the fewest PPG. The winner rose to Step 4 for the 2022–23 season, while the loser dropped to Step 5.[12] If a runner-up does not meet the minimum participation criteria, a club in the next eligible position between second and seventh will play instead.[13]

Results summary
OverallHomeAway
PldWDLGFGAGDPtsWDLGFGAGDWDLGFGAGD
40 29 7 4 94 38  +56 94 18 1 1 54 15  +39 11 6 3 40 23  +17

Last updated: 22 April 2022.
Source: https://www.nwcfl.com/league-tables.php

Results by matchday
Matchday12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940
GroundHAHHAHAHHAAHHAAHAHAAAHHHAHAAHAHAAAHAHHAH
ResultWDWWWWDWWLLWWWDWWDWDWWWWLLWDWDWWWWWWWWWW
Updated to match(es) played on 2 April 2022. Source: https://www.nwcfl.com/clubpage.php?id=888#tab2
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss

Macclesfield's league fixtures for the first half of the season were announced on 2 July 2021.[15] The fixtures for the second half of the season were announced on 28 September 2021.[16]

July
31 July 2021 (2021-07-31) 1 Macclesfield 1–0 Burscough Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Arnasalem 16'
Coker
Dwyer 		Denson
Smith 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 2,018

August
3 August 2021 (2021-08-03) 2 Winsford United 4–4 Macclesfield Winsford
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Boden 33'
Bolland 38'
Duckworth 56' 70'
O'Connor
Parr 		Clare 2' (pen.) 8' 45' 68'
Dwyer
Mendy
Obeng 		Stadium: The Barton Stadium
Attendance: 918
14 August 2021 (2021-08-14) 3 Macclesfield 2–1 Irlam Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Dwyer 29'
Clare 49'
Adams
Clare 		Icely 9'
Langford
Skinner 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 2,061
17 August 2021 (2021-08-17) 4 Macclesfield 3–1 Prestwich Heys Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Dwyer 12'
Mendy 41'
Clare 65'		 Report Grimshaw 45+2'
Dickinson
Potts  		 Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 2,121
28 August 2021 (2021-08-28) 5 Barnoldswick Town 1–2 Macclesfield Barnoldswick
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Hill 42' Clare 19'
Dwyer 25'
Clare
Dwyer
Fleming 		Stadium: Greenberfield Lane
Attendance: 691
30 August 2021 (2021-08-30) 6 Macclesfield 1–0 Congleton Town Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Berry 56'
Clare
Maieco
Mendy 		Griffith
Needham 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,502

September
4 September 2021 (2021-09-04) 7 Ashton Athletic 1–1 Macclesfield Ashton-in-Makerfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Beckford 82'
Bandell
Reid 		Adams 68'
Adams 		Stadium: Brocstedes Park
Attendance: 475
14 September 2021 (2021-09-14) 8 Macclesfield 1–0 Vauxhall Motors Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Clare 90'
Fleming
Morrison 		Garner–Knapper Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 2,432
18 September 2021 (2021-09-18) 9 Macclesfield 4–0 Litherland REMYCA Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Maieco 15' 32'
Morrison 48'
McGowan 58'		 Codling
Moran 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,004
20 September 2021 (2021-09-20) 10 Longridge Town 4–2 Macclesfield Longridge
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Anderton 20' 77'
Yoak 24'
Wilkinson 34'		 Clare 3' 7'
Maieco
Morrison 		Stadium: Mike Riding Ground
Attendance: 448
29 September 2021 (2021-09-29) 11 Avro 2–0 Macclesfield Oldham
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Potts 20'
Rathbone 24'
Cottrell
Harrop
Latham
Sloane
Wallwork 		Clare
Mendy 		Stadium: Whitebank Stadium
Attendance: 400

October
2 October 2021 (2021-10-02) 12 Macclesfield 4–1 Charnock Richard Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Adams 9'
Danns 33'
Maieco 47' 68'		 Report Carsley 90' Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 2,778
5 October 2021 (2021-10-05) 13 Macclesfield 2–1 Northwich Victoria Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Dwyer 64'
Hanson 66'
Maieco 		Report Sephton 31'
Schofield 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,003
9 October 2021 (2021-10-09) 14 Wythenshawe Town 0–1 Macclesfield Wythenshawe
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Dwyer 18'
Morrison 		Stadium: Ericstan Stadium
Attendance: 894
16 October 2021 (2021-10-16) 15 Squires Gate 0–0 Macclesfield Squires Gate
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Boyd
Ridings 		Report Stadium: The Brian Addison Stadium
Attendance: 408
23 October 2021 (2021-10-23) 16 Macclesfield 3–0 Padiham Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Clare 61' (pen.) 90'
Berry 90+4'
Bardsley–Rowe
Clare 		D. Sherlock
K. Sherlock
Walker 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,221
29 October 2021 (2021-10-29) 17 Lower Breck 1–3 Macclesfield Anfield
20:00 BST (UTC+01) McGivern 86'
Brown
Morris
Peers 		Danns 30' 53'
Adams 84'
Ashton  		 Stadium: Anfield Sports and Community Centre
Attendance: 563

November
6 November 2021 (2021-11-06) 18 Macclesfield 2–2 Runcorn Town Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Danns 59' 90+5' (pen.)
Simpson 		Cairns 68'
Foulkes 80' (pen.)
Antoine
Davies
Lloyd 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,420
9 November 2021 (2021-11-09) 19 AFC Liverpool 1–2 Macclesfield Crosby
19:45 GMT McCarthy 90+2'
Parr
Thomas 		Danns 21' (pen.)
Mendy 78'
Morrison 		Stadium: Rossett Park
Attendance: 413
13 November 2021 (2021-11-13) 20 Skelmersdale United 0–0 Macclesfield Skelmersdale
15:00 GMT Nicholson Report Maieco
Simpson 		Stadium: JMO Sports Park
Attendance: 936
27 November 2021 (2021-11-27) 21 Northwich Victoria 3–4 Macclesfield Northwich
15:00 GMT Dunn 40' 90+3'
Birchall 46'
Birchall
Mather 		Danns 38' 77' 80'
Berry 90+2'
Clare
Danns
Danquah
Mendy 		Stadium: Wincham Park
Attendance: 942

December
4 December 2021 (2021-12-04) 22 Macclesfield 2–0 Barnoldswick Town Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Berry 36'
Clare 45'		 Report Fagan Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,502
11 December 2021 (2021-12-11) 23 Macclesfield 1–0 Squires Gate Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Bardsley–Rowe 18'
Clare
Maieco
Mendy 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,392
18 December 2021 (2021-12-18) Match postponed Prestwich Heys P–P Macclesfield Prestwich
15:00 GMT Stadium: Adie Moran Park
27 December 2021 (2021-12-27) 24 Macclesfield 2–1 Winsford United Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Danns 54'
Clare 75'
Clare 		Coughlan 6'
Jackson
McDonough 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 4,353

January
3 January 2022 (2022-01-03) 25 Prestwich Heys 1–0 Macclesfield Prestwich
14:00 GMT Rothwell 6'
Dickin 		Clare Stadium: Adie Moran Park
Attendance: 420
8 January 2022 (2022-01-08) 26 Macclesfield 2–4 Wythenshawe Town Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Berry 18'
49' (o.g.)
Berry
Clare 		Report Bryan 22'
Smalley 57'
Palma 74'
Byrne 77'
Wilkinson 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,543
14 January 2022 (2022-01-14) 27 Litherland REMYCA 1–2 Macclesfield Bootle
19:45 GMT Riley 37'
Clair
Clements
Murphy 		Report Danns 27'
Lee 29'
Lee
Lonsdale
Maieco 		Stadium: Berry Street Garage Stadium
Attendance: 643
22 January 2022 (2022-01-22) 28 Charnock Richard 1–1 Macclesfield Charnock Richard
15:00 GMT Darr 88'
Jakovlevs
Nickeas
Regan 		Report Danns 59'
Berry
Hanson 		Stadium: Mossie Park
Attendance: 641
29 January 2022 (2022-01-29) 29 Macclesfield 3–1 Skelmersdale United Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Berry 45+2'
Danns 67'
Lonsdale 88'		 Report Morris 28'
Morris
Nicholson
Preston 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 4,347

February
5 February 2022 (2022-02-05) Match postponed Padiham P–P Macclesfield Padiham
15:00 GMT Stadium: Arbories Memorial Sports Ground
8 February 2022 (2022-02-08) 30 Irlam 2–2 Macclesfield Irlam
19:45 GMT Brown 35'
Southworth 55'
Cartwright
Francis
Holt
Icely 		Danns 50' (pen.)
Berry 61'
Hanson
Fensome
Sonogo 		Stadium: Silver Street
Attendance: 915
12 February 2022 (2022-02-12) 31 Macclesfield 4–0 Lower Breck Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Danns 64'
Berry 76'
Clare 77'
Dwyer 90+3'
Berry
Duffy
Mendy 		Report Finley
Miller 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 3,745
19 February 2022 (2022-02-19) 32 Burscough 0–4 Macclesfield Burscough
15:00 GMT Brady
McNamara 		Report Danns 42' 64'
Berry 72'
Owens 77'
Clare 		Stadium: New Victoria Park
Attendance: 375
22 February 2022 (2022-02-22) 33 Vauxhall Motors 0–6 Macclesfield Ellesmere Port
19:45 GMT Heath Report Clare 16'
Danns 21' 33'
Berry 42' 43'
Adams 83'		 Stadium: vanEupen Arena
Attendance: 576
26 February 2022 (2022-02-26) 34 Runcorn Town 0–1 Macclesfield Runcorn
15:00 GMT Davies
Hughes
Turner 		Report 28' (o.g.)
Sanogo 		Stadium: Viridor Community Stadium
Attendance: 635

March
5 March 2022 (2022-03-05) 35 Macclesfield 3–1 Longridge Town Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Clare 1'
Freedman 37'
Adams 89'		 Report Anderton 54'
Flynn
Forbes
Martin
Turner 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 4,002
8 March 2022 (2022-03-08) 36 Padiham 0–2 Macclesfield Padiham
19:45 GMT Hoskin
Morton 		Clare 61'
Danns 77'		 Stadium: Arbories Memorial Sports Ground
Attendance: 625
12 March 2022 (2022-03-12) 37 Macclesfield 4–0 Ashton Athletic Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Danns 45+1'
Berry 48' 90'
Clare 64'
Freedman 		Report Houghton Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 4,604
19 March 2022 (2022-03-19) 38 Macclesfield 6–0 Avro Macclesfield
15:00 GMT Berry 29' 42+2' 84' (pen.) 90+2'
West 68'
Kiwomya 90+6'
West 		Report Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 4,038
26 March 2022 (2022-03-26) 39 Congleton Town 1–3 Macclesfield Crewe
15:00 GMT Chadwick 4' (pen.)
Putnam
Read 		Report Berry 14'
Mendy 61' 77'
Freedman
Mendy 		Stadium: Gresty Road
Attendance: 1,668

April
2 April 2022 (2022-04-02) 40 Macclesfield 4–2 AFC Liverpool Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) 44' (o.g.)
Clare 45+2' (pen.) 69'
Duffy 77'		 Report Fisher 62'
Scorah 79'
Croasdale
Lyons 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 4,720

FA Cup
Main article: 2021–22 FA Cup qualifying rounds

Macclesfield were drawn at home to Burscough in the extra preliminary round and away to Squires Gate in the preliminary round.[17]

7 August 2021 (2021-08-07) Extra Preliminary Round Macclesfield 4–0 Burscough Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Clare 3'
Dwyer 20' 30'
Coker 45'
Ajayi
Berry
Clare 		Report Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 1,334
21 August 2021 (2021-08-21) Preliminary Round Squires Gate 6–4 Macclesfield Squires Gate
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Feeney 15'
Westwood 21'
Ing 62' 67'
Boyd 73'
Iley 82'
Bartram–Conway
Ing 		Report Dwyer 3' 39'
Adams 49'
73' (o.g.)
Sekouba 		Stadium: The Brian Addison Stadium
Attendance: 738

FA Vase
Main article: 2021–22 FA Vase

Macclesfield were drawn away to Winterton Rangers in the first qualifying round.[18]

11 September 2021 (2021-09-11) First Qualifying Round Winterton Rangers 3–2 Macclesfield Winterton
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Ture 7'
Walker 16'
Allison 65'		 Adams 17'
McGowan 36'
Clare
Coker 		Stadium: West Street Stadium
Attendance: 363

NWCFL Challenge Cup

Macclesfield were drawn away to Skelmersdale United in the quarter final, the match was later switched to the Leasing.com Stadium at Skelmersdale's request.[19]

16 March 2022 (2022-03-16) First Round Northwich Victoria 1–2 Macclesfield Northwich
19:45 GMT Birchall 78' Report Maieco 53' 64'
McDonnell 		Stadium: Wincham Park
Attendance: 231
29 March 2022 (2022-03-29) Second Round Macclesfield 2–1 Sandbach United Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Berry 4'
Freedman 35' (pen.)		 Report Evans 84'
Roberts
Tatters 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 693
12 April 2022 (2022-04-12) Third Round Macclesfield 4–1 Brocton Macclesfield
19:45 BST (UTC+01) Berry 11' 17'
Dwyer 13'
Clare 75'
Berry 		Report Smith 46'
Blanchette
Devoir
Rolston 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 530
2 May 2022 (2022-05-02) Quarter-final Macclesfield 2–3 Skelmersdale United Macclesfield
15:00 BST (UTC+01) Berry 27'
Danns 45+1'
Danns 45+1'		 Salkeld 21'
Croughan 36'
Howard 90'		 Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 1,148

Cheshire Senior Cup
2 November 2021 (2021-11-02) First Round Macclesfield 3–2 Cheadle Heath Nomads Macclesfield
19:45 GMT Ryan 19'
Grimshaw 62'
McGowan 79'		 Foley 68' 86'
Evans 		Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 402
7 December 2021 (2021-12-07) Second Round Macclesfield 1–3 Stockport County Macclesfield
19:45 GMT Rokka 25' (pen.)
Rokka 		Report Jennings 22'
Alli 45'
Edwards 66'		 Stadium: Leasing.com Stadium
Attendance: 1,054

Last updated: 23 April 2022.
Source: https://www.nwcfl.com/clubpage.php?id=888

References
  1. "Macclesfield FC: Silkmen crowned champions in first season". BBC Sport. 12 March 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  2. "Lineups: Macclesfield vs. Burscough". NWCFL. 31 July 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  3. "Lineups: Winsford Utd vs. Macclesfield". NWCFL. 3 August 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  4. Ashton, James (22 August 2021). "Squires Gate 6 Macclesfield FC 4: Record attendance witnesses an FA Cup classic". Gazette. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  5. Lineups: Macclesfield 1–0 Congleton Town, NWCFL website. Retrieved: 24 April 2022.
  6. Robbie Savage bravely steps in to break up fight at Macclesfield game, Daily Mirror (30 August 2021). Retrieved: 24 April 2022.
  7. "Silkmen Archives". Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  8. Golby, Joel (13 November 2021). "Robbie Savage: Making Macclesfield FC – this would be touching TV … if football's court jester would shut up". Guardian. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  9. "NWCFL Club pages: Macclesfield FC". Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  10. "Macclesfield crowned champions in first season". BBC Sport. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  11. "NWCFL League Table". NWCFL. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  12. Miller, Pete. "Non League 21/22 Promotion and Relegation". Google Docs.
  13. "Promotion and Relegation explained for the 2021-22 Season". nwcfl.com. 9 July 2021.
  14. "The FA Handbook 2020/2021 Part 29 Standardised Rules Section 12.2". The FA.
  15. "Stage One of 2021–22 Season Fixtures Released". NWCFL. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  16. "Remaining 2021–22 Season Fixtures Released". NWCFL. 28 September 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  17. "The first two draws for the new Emirates FA Cup 2021–22 have been made". The FA. 9 July 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  18. "Early round draws for FA Youth Cup, Buildbase FA and Vase have been released". The FA. 9 July 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  19. "Macron cup tie against Skelmersdale United to be played at the Leasing.com Stadium". Macclesfield FC. 22 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.