1923 in the United States
Events from the year 1923 in the United States.
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Incumbents
Federal Government
- President: Warren G. Harding (R-Ohio) (until August 2), Calvin Coolidge (R-Massachusetts) (starting August 2)
- Vice President: Calvin Coolidge (R-Massachusetts) (until August 2), vacant (starting August 2)
- Chief Justice: William Howard Taft (Ohio)
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: Frederick H. Gillett (R-Massachusetts)
- Senate Majority Leader: Henry Cabot Lodge (R-Massachusetts)
- Congress: 67th (until March 4), 68th (starting March 4)
Events
August 2: Vice President Calvin Coolidge becomes the 30th U.S. President following the death of President Warren G. Harding
January–March
- January 1–7 – The Rosewood massacre, a racially motivated massacre of black people and the destruction of a black town, takes place in Rosewood, Florida.
- January 18 – Elon College's campus in North Carolina is destroyed by a fire.
- February 5 – United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind: The Supreme Court decides that Bhagat Singh Thind cannot become a naturalized U.S. citizen because, as a Punjabi Sikh, he is not a "white person".
- February 23 – The American Law Institute is incorporated.
- March 1 – The USS Connecticut is decommissioned.
- March 2 – The first issue of Time magazine is published.
- March 23 – The governor of Oklahoma signs House Bill 197 with the Montgomery amendment outlawing the theory of evolution in public school textbooks purchased by the state, the first anti-Darwinian legislation passed in the U.S.[1]
April–June
- April 1 – Safety Last!, a silent romantic comedy film starring Harold Lloyd, is released.
- April 4 – Warner Bros. Film Studio is formally incorporated in the United States, as Warner Brothers Pictures, Inc., by Jack L. Warner, Harry Warner, Sam Warner and Albert Warner.
- April 6 – Louis Armstrong makes his first recording, "Chimes Blues", with King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band.
- April 18 – The first Yankee Stadium opens its doors in the Bronx, New York City.
- May 9 – Southeastern Michigan receives a record 6 inches (15 cm) of snow after temperatures plummeted from 62 °F (17 °C) to 34 °F (1 °C) degrees between 13:00-18:00 on the previous day.[2]
- May 15 – Riegelmann Boardwalk at Coney Island officially opened.[3]
- May 27 – The Ku Klux Klan defies a law requiring publication of its members.
July–September
- July 13 – The Hollywood Sign is inaugurated in California (originally reading Hollywoodland).
- August 2 – Vice President Calvin Coolidge becomes the 30th President of the United States, upon the death of President Warren G. Harding.
- September 3 – Illustrated Daily News first published in Los Angeles by Cornelius Vanderbilt IV.
- September 4 – The United States Navy's first home-built rigid airship USS Shenandoah makes her first flight at Naval Air Station Lakehurst (New Jersey); she contains most of the world's extracted reserves of helium at this time (named and commissioned October 10).[4]
- September 8 – Honda Point Disaster: Seven U.S. Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast.
- September 17 – 1923 Berkeley Fire: Billy bob joe, California erupts, consuming some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
- September 18–26 – Newspaper printers strike in New York City.
- September 29 – First American Track & Field championships for women, in New Jersey
October–December
- October 1, Mississippi something Road Signs Act came into effect.
- October 15 – The New York Yankees defeat the New York Giants (baseball), 4 games to 2, to win their first World Series Title.
- October 16 – Roy and Walt Disney found The Walt Disney Company.
- October 19 – War Resisters League organized by Jessie Wallace Hughan.[5]
- December 10 – Sigma Alpha Kappa (the first social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the United States) is founded at Loyola University New Orleans, making it the first social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the U.S.
- December 20 – BEGGARS Fraternity (the second social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the United States) is founded by nine men, who have secured permission to do so from the Pope.
Undated
- Soledad C. Chacón takes office as Secretary of State of New Mexico; all subsequent holders of this office through 2011 will also be women.
- The Moderation League of New York becomes part of the movement for the repeal of Prohibition in the U.S.
- Rainbow trout introduced into the upper Firehole River in Yellowstone National Park.
Ongoing
- Lochner era (c. 1897–c. 1937)
- U.S. occupation of Haiti (1915–1934)
- Prohibition (1919–1933)
- Roaring Twenties (1920–1929)
Births
- January 1 – Daniel Gorenstein, mathematician (died 1992)
- January 16 – Anthony Hecht, poet (died 2004)
- January 29
- Jack Burke, Jr., golfer and coach
- Paddy Chayefsky, writer (died 1981)
- January 31 – Norman Mailer, writer (died 2007)
- February 2
- James Dickey, poet and author (died 1997)
- Liz Smith, gossip columnist (died 2017)
- February 13
- James Abdnor, U.S. Senator from South Dakota from 1981 to 1987 (died 2012)
- Chuck Yeager, pilot (died 2020)
- February 20 – Helen Murray Free, chemist and educator (died 2021)
- February 28
- Jean Carson, actress (died 2005)
- Charles Durning, actor (died 2012)
- March 9 – James L. Buckley, judge and U.S. Senator from New York from 1971 to 1977
- March 10 – Val Logsdon Fitch, nuclear physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (died 2015)
- March 14 – Diane Arbus, photographer (died 1971)
- March 27 – Jack O'Neill, businessman (O'Neill surfwear & equipment) (died 2017)
- April 1
- Leora Dana, actress (died 1983)
- Bobby Jordan, actor (died 1965)
- April 3 – Daniel Hoffman, poet (died 2013)
- April 13
- Don Adams, actor and director (died 2005)[6]
- Stanley Tanger, businessman and philanthropist, founder of the Tanger Factory Outlet Centers (died 2010)
- April 23 – Walter Pitts, logician and cognitive psychologist (died 1969)
- April 25
- Timothy S. Healy, Jesuit priest and academic administrator (died 1992)
- Albert King, blues guitarist and singer (died 1992)
- May 1 – Joseph Heller, novelist (died 1999)
- May 16 – Merton Miller, economist, recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (died 2000)
- June 8 – Malcolm Boyd, priest and author (died 2015)
- June 22 – John Oldham, basketball player (died 2020)
- July 13 – Ashley Bryan, children's book writer and illustrator (died 2022)
- July 14 – Robert Zildjian, musical instrument manufacturer (Sabian) (died 2013)
- July 22
- Bob Dole, U.S. Senator from Kansas from 1969 to 1996, Presidential candidate (died 2021)
- The Fabulous Moolah, wrestler (died 2007)
- July 31 – Stephanie Kwolek, polymer chemist (died 2014)
- August 3 – Jean Hagen, actress (died 1977)[7]
- August 10
- Rhonda Fleming, screen actress (died 2020)
- David H. Rodgers, politician (died 2017)
- August 20 – Jim Reeves, country singer (died 1964)
- September 1 – Rocky Marciano, boxer (died 1969)
- September 3
- Glen Bell, entrepreneur, founder of Taco Bell (died 2010)
- Mort Walker, cartoonist, creator of Beetle Bailey (died 2018)
- September 9 – Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, virologist (died 2008)
- September 17 – Hank Williams, country musician (died 1953)
- September 26 – John Ertle Oliver, geophysicist (died 2011)
- October 4 – Charlton Heston, film actor (died 2008)
- October 20 – Robert Craft, orchestral conductor (died 2015)
- October 27 – Roy Lichtenstein, pop artist (died 1997)
- November 6 – Robert P. Griffin, U.S. Senator from Michigan from 1966 to 1979 (died 2015)
- November 8 – Jack Kilby, electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (died 2005)
- November 9
- Charles Grier Sellers, historian (died 2021)[8]
- James Schuyler, poet (died 1991)
- November 18
- Ted Stevens, U.S. Senator from Alaska from 1968 to 2009 (died 2010)
- Alan Shepard, astronaut (died 1998)
- November 23
- Daniel Brewster, U.S. Senator from Maryland from 1963 to 1969 (died 2007)
- Billy Haughton, harness racer and trainer (died 1986)
- November 26 – Nat Allbright, sports commentator (died 2011)
- December 10 – Harold Gould, actor (died 2010)
- December 11
- Betsy Blair, film actress (died 2009)
- Lillian Cahn, Hungarian-American businesswoman, co-founder of Coach, Inc. (died 2013)
- December 12 – Bob Barker, game show host (The Price Is Right)
- December 13
- Philip Warren Anderson, physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics
- Larry Doby, baseball player (died 2003)
- December 23 – James Stockdale, U.S. Navy admiral and vice presidential candidate (died 2005)
- December 24 – George Patton IV, U.S. Army general (died 2004)
- December 29 – Dina Merrill, actress, heiress, socialite and philanthropist (died 2017)
Deaths
- January 1 – Willie Keeler, baseball player (born 1872)
- January 18 – Wallace Reid, actor (born 1891)
- February 6 – Edward Emerson Barnard, astronomer (born 1857)
- February 14 – Charles Henry Turner, African American entomologist (born 1867)
- February 24 – Edward W. Morley, scientist (born 1838)
- February 26
- Walter B. Barrows, naturalist (born 1855)
- George Clement Perkins, U.S. Senator from California from 1893 to 1915 (born 1839)
- March 3 – Melancthon J. Briggs, lawyer and politician (born 1846)
- March 6 – Joseph McDermott, actor (born 1878)
- March 15 – Goat Anderson, baseball player (born 1880)
- April 6 – Alice Cunningham Fletcher, ethnologist and anthropologist (born 1838)
- April 28 – Knute Nelson, Governor of Minnesota from 1893 to 1895 and U.S. Senator from Minnesota from 1895 to 1923 (born 1843 in Norway)
- August 2 – Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States from 1921 to 1923 (born 1865)
- August 10 – Laura Redden Searing, deaf poet and journalist (born 1839)
- October 19 – Eleanor Norcross, painter (born 1854)
- October 23 – Hannah Johnston Bailey, temperance advocate and suffragist (born 1839)
- November 11 – Elizabeth Eggleston Seelye, biographer (born 1858)
- December 28 – Frank Hayes, actor (born 1871)
References
- O'Dell, Larry. "Anti-Evolution Movement". Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on October 18, 2010. Retrieved September 13, 2010.
- "May Snow Storm". National Weather Service. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
- "Crowds at Coney To Open Boardwalk". The New York Times. 1923-05-16. Archived from the original on 2019-07-24.
- Hayward, John T. (August 1978). "Comment and Discussion". United States Naval Institute Proceedings.
- Powers, Roger S. (2012). Protest, Power, and Change: An Encyclopedia of Nonviolent Action. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-76482-0.
- Martin, Douglas (September 27, 2005). "Don Adams, Television's Maxwell Smart, Dies at 82". The New York Times.
- "Jean Hagen". latimes.com. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
- Charles Sellers, 98, Historian Who Upset the Postwar Consensus, Dies
External links
Media related to 1923 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
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